Form 4 Physics

1. EXPERIMENT 1 : THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN THE LENGTH OF A
SIMPLE PENDULUM AND THE PERIOD OF OSCILLATION.
Aim Tostudytherelationship between thelengthof asimple pendulum anditsperiod
ofoscillation
Problem
Statement
How is the length of a simple pendulum related to its period of oscillation?
Hypothesis The the length of a simple pendulum, the the
period of oscillation.
Variables (a) Manipulated variable :
(b) Responding variable :
(c) Constant variable :
Materials
and
Apparatus
Pendulum bob, retort stand with clamp, metre rule, stopwatch, G-clamp, 1 m
thread, two small wooden clips
Procedure 1 Set up the apparatus as shown in the diagram below.
2 Adjust the length of pendulum, ℓ = 20.0 cm.
3 Displace the pendulum bob at an angle, θ equal to 45° and release it.
4 Measure and record the time, t1 for 10 complete oscillations using a
stopwatch.
5 Repeat step 4 to measure time, t2 for 10 complete oscillations.
Then, repeat steps 2 to 5 with the length of pendulum, ℓ = 30.0 cm, 40.0 cm,
50.0cm and 60.0 cm.
𝜽 < 45°

2. Result
Length of
pendulum,
ℓ (cm)
Time taken for 10 complete
oscillations.
t(s)
Period,
T =
𝑡
10
(s)
T2
(s2
)
t1 t2 taverage
20
30
40
50
60
6
Analysis
data
(a) Graph of T2
against ℓ
(b) Gradient, m
Conclusion
Discussion 1. Why does the time for 10 complete oscillations need to be taken in this
experiment?
2. State the precautionary steps that need to be taken in this experiment.