Holmes adie syndrome is a neurological disorder that affects the pupil of the eye and the autonomic nervous system.

1. Holmes Adie Syndrome

2. Holmes Adie Syndrome
Holmes-Adie Syndrome is a neurological disorder that
affects the pupil of the eye and the autonomic nervous
system. In Holmes-Adie Syndrome, the pupil of the
affected eye is larger than the unaffected eye. The affected
pupil constricts slowly when exposed to bright light.
Patients with this disease also experience loss of deep
tendon reflexes and excessive sweating. The symptoms of
Holmes-Adie Syndrome may appear alone or along with
other neurological disorders. Predominantly females
between the ages of 20 and 40 seem to be affected by
this eye disease.

3. Causes of Holmes-Adie Syndrome
Holmes-Adie Syndrome cannot be classified as an
inherited disease barring few cases. The disease is caused
by a viral or a bacterial infection. The infection causes
damage to the postganglionic fibers of the eye. Some eye
experts believe that Holmes-Adie Syndrome is
an autoimmune disorder. The immune system of the body
makes antibodies that in turn affect those specific optic
nerves. Arteritis, alcoholism, and diabetes can also cause
the disease.

4. Symptoms
People with Holmes-Adie Syndrome develop various
distinct symptoms. The pupil of the affected eye first
appears larger than the normal eye and reacts abnormally
to light. At first, the pupil reacts slowly during close tasks
such as reading because the eye begins to lose its close-
range focusing power. Occasionally, the iris becomes de-
pigmented, losing most or its entire colour. Blurred vision,
especially at close range, is another common symptom of
Holmes-Adie Syndrome, as well as excessive sweating.

5. Diagnosis of Holmes-Adie Syndrome
Your ophthalmologist will ask questions to determine
when your pupil size difference or blurry vision became
noticeable. Your eye doctor will most likely to conduct
an eye examination. This will include shining a very bright
light into your eyes to test your pupil reactions. He/she may
instil special diagnostic eye drops to assess the location in
the nerve pathway that problems may be occurring.

6. Treatments
Prescription of reading glasses is one of the options for the
ophthalmologists. Reading glasses help in reducing the
effects of the weakened vision of the affected eye.
Pilocarpine drops must be applied at least 3 times daily or
as prescribed by the eye doctor to the affected eye to
constrict the dilated pupil. The ultimate treatment of
excessive sweating is Thoracic Sympathectomy. Here, the
involved nerve that causes the excessive sweating is
severed.
Holmes-Adie Syndrome is not a life-threatening disease. It
does not lead to permanent disability. However, the loss of
deep tendon reflexes seems to remain permanent. Sadly,
Holmes-Adie Syndrome may progress with time. For most
of the patients Pilocarpine drops and reading glasses seem
to be enough for tackling the disease.

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