2. IT-IDT-4 Identify, describe, evaluate, select,
and use appropriate technology.
IT-IDT-5 Understand, communicate, and
adapt to a digital world.
3. Electronic device that accepts, processes,
produces results, and stores data
Data
◦ Collection of unprocessed items
Text, numbers, images, audio, and video
Information
◦ Conveys meaning and is useful
Ex. Data is input to create a grade report
5. Hardware
◦ Electric, electronic, and mechanical components
Input devices
Output devices
System unit
Storage devices
Communications devices
6. Any hardware component that allows you to
enter data and instructions into a computer
◦ Keyboard
◦ Mouse
◦ Microphone
◦ Scanner
◦ Digital camera
◦ Web cam
7. Any hardware component that conveys
information to one or more people
◦ Printer
◦ Monitor
◦ Speakers
◦ Portable media player
8. A case that contains electronic components
of the computer used to process data
9. Sometimes called system board
◦ Main circuit board of the system unit
◦ Many electronic components are attached to the
motherboard
◦ Expansion slots
◦ Processor chips
◦ Memory slots
10. Interprets and carries out the basic
instructions that operate a computer
11. Control Unit
◦ Component of processor that directs and
coordinates operations
◦ Like a traffic cop: it interprets each instruction
issued by a program and then initiates the
appropriate action to carry out the instruction
12. Controls the timing of all operations
Clock speed
◦ Pace of clock
◦ Gigahertz (GHz): one billion ticks of the system
clock per second
◦ Faster clock speed=more instructions the processor
can execute per second
Does the system clock keep track of current
date and time?
First computers: 30 MHz
Current: 3 GHz
13. Leading chip manufacturers
◦ Intel
◦ AMD (Advanced Micro Devices)
◦ IBM
◦ Motorola
Today’s high performance PC’s: Intel Core
Less expensive PC’s: Pentium or Celeron
14. Multi-core processor
◦ Single chip with 2 or more processors
◦ Dual-core: 2 separate processors
◦ Quad-core: 4 separate processors
Increases overall performance
Especially noticeable when running multiple
programs
◦ Email, antivirus software, spyware remover, IM,
media player, CD burning software, and photo
editing software
15. Store instructions, data needed by those
instructions, and the results of processed
data
One or more chips on motherboard
Stores 3 basic categories
◦ Operating system
◦ Application programs
◦ Data being processed by
application programs
16. Character, basic
storage unit of
memory
Each byte has an
address
◦ Unique number that
identifies the location
of the byte in
memory
17.
18. Random access memory
◦ Temporary memory
◦ More information processed = more RAM needed
◦ Volatile: loses its contents when power is removed
Examples:
◦ Operating system interface
◦ Browser windows
◦ Paint program
More RAM = faster response from computer
19. Pronounced cash
Temporary storage for faster viewing
◦ Ex. Web pages, images, media
20. Read-only memory
Permanent storage
Non-volatile: not lost when power is removed
Cannot be modified
◦ Ex. ROM chips in printers contain data for fonts
◦ Ex. When your system boots up
21. Nonvolatile
Fast
Examples
◦ Downloading music on iTunes to your iPod
◦ Storing phone numbers on your phone
◦ Pagers
◦ Digital cameras
No, the system clock does not keep track of real time. A separate battery backed chip, called the real-time clock, keeps track of the the date and time. It contiunies to run the real-time clock even when the computer is off.
Software applications usually have a minimum requirement for RAM for the application to run properly. EX. Vista, Microsoft Office
Port: a point in which peripheral attaches to or communicates with a system unit. Connectors: joins a cable to a port
