High value high attitudinal NTFPs/MAPs are consider for Himalayan alternative sector for livelihood improvement. These species is needed rapid conservation but due to lack of management practices and effective implementation of policies they are going threatened day by day.

1. A term paper presentation on
Conservation Status of Valuable
NTFPs in Nepal.
Presented by:
Krishna Ram Dhital
M.Sc. NRM & RD
Kathmandu Forestry College, Kathmandu, Nepal
krishnaramdhital070@gmail.com
+977 9841181926
2016

2. Outlines of the Presentation
1. Introduction
2. Objectives
3. Methods and Methodology
4. Discussion
5. Conclusion
6. Recommendation
7. References

3. Introduction
• Unique geography of Nepal favors for the wide
range of floral diversity.
• Intersection of major two biogeographical regions:
i.e. Indo-Malayan and Paleartic region favors' for
tropical and alpine floral species respectively.
(GoN, 2014)
• Nepal occupies only about 0.1 percent of global
area but it holds 3.2 percent of world flora. (GoN,
2014)
• 11,971 (appox 12000) floral species are found in
Nepal (GoN, 2014)
•Out of them 7000 sps are as vascular plants

4. Introduction contd.
• 2000 sps are called as NTFPs. (WWF, 2065)
• 1463 sps of herbal medicinal plants are used by
rural people of Nepal. (GoN 2014)
•701 sps are called as medicinal plants. (DoP, 2004)
•238 sps are chemically tested MAPs (DoP, 2004)
• More than100 sps are highly traded (ANSAB,
1997)
• 30 sps are listed for research and management.
• 12 plants have been selected for agro-technology.
• Ministry of Forest and soil conservation has one
priority programs of the NTFPs development. (Amatya
and Shrestha 2010)
• So gvt of Nepal introduced for promoting NTFPs in 25
hill districts. (Amatya and Shrestha, 2010)

5. Contd.
• Government of Nepal has classified all NTFPs in
major 8 categories.
S.No parts of NTFPs Number
1 Roots and Rhizomes 45 sps
2 Bark 25 sps
3 Leaf and steam 30 sps
4 Flower 16 sps
5 Fruits and Seeds 65 sps
6 All parts 21 sps
7 Gum, resign 08 sps
8 Other (Lokta, Nigalo, Allo, Bans) 24 sps
Total 237 products

6. Contd.
• Majority of NTFPs are classified into 2 groups, i.e.
high value NTFPs from high altitudes and Low value
NTFPs from low altitudes.
• Generally high value NTFPs are in more risk zone.
• About half of population lives in rural areas and
directly dependent to NTFPs for primary objectives.
• High market price and less conservation practices on
NTFPs tends for resource depletion.
• Conservation of NTFPs is directly linked with its’
trading status and which ultimately dependent to
ecological status or biodiversity presence.

7. Objectives of the study:
Overall objectives of this term paper is to
• Explore the conservation status of valuable
NTFPs in Nepal by different agencies.
• to document it.

8. Methods & Methodology
• All data source for this term paper preparation are from
secondary data sources.
•All published and unpublished documents, related to
current title was gathered and reviewed to analyze the
status of NTFPs.
• Mostly reports/books were collected from
•Scientific journal sites
•Library
• Own friend Consolation
• Review of similar term paper
And finally presented in the form of paragraph,
table and figures etc.

9. Discussion:
Government of Nepal had imposed
• totally banned on 2 species for collection, use
and trade.(why banned please state)
• banned on 8 sps without processing
• banned on 4 sps felling, transport and export
• banned on 1 sps without identification and
certification (rewrite the sentence)

10. S.N. Scientific Name Nepali Name
I. Banned for Collection, Transportation and Trade
1 Dactylorhiza hatagirea Panchaule
2 Bark of Juglans regia Okhar bokra
II. Banned for export outside the country without processing
1 Abies spectabilis Talispatra
2 Cinnamomum glaucescens Sugandhakokila
3 Parmelia nepalensis Jhyau
4 Nardostachys grandiflora Jatamasi
5 Rauvolfia serpentina Sarpagandha
6 Taxus wallichiana Lauthsalla
7 Valeriana jatamasi Sugandhawal
8 Rock exudate Silajit
III. Banned for felling, transportation and export
1 Dalbergia latifolia Satisal
2 Juglans regia Okhar
3 Pterocarpus marsupium Bijayasal
4 Shorea robusta Sal
IV. Banned for Export without identification and cartification
1 Picrorhiza kurrooa Kutki
Source: DPR, 2012Dhital, K.R, 2016. M.Sc NRM & RD Term paper presentation, KAFCOL Nepal 10

11. Red data status of CITEs Appendix and IUCN
•
Type Nepali English name Scientific name CITES
Endan
gered
Pachaaule Salep Dactyloriza hatagiera II
Sarpagandha Serpentine Rauwolfia serpentina II
Lauthsalla Himalayan yiew Taxus buccata II
Sunghaba Orchids Orchidaceae II
Bhyakur Dioscorea Dioscorea deltoid II
Kalbal Cycus Cycus pectinala II
Gunsi Thitmin Padocarpus ncriflora III
Bhotechap Magnolia Talauma hadgsoni III
Bhotelahara Gnetum Guetum montanum III
Vulner
able
NTFPs
Lahu patra May Apple Podophyllum hexandrum II
Kutuki Gentian Picrohiza scrophulariflora II
Jatamasi Spikenard Nardostachys grandiflora
Rare
Type
Jharikote Tetracentron Tertracentron grandiflora III
Kyasar Him. yellow puppy Meconopsis regia III
Unyu Tree ferns Cytspinosahea II
Mirke Iahra Milkweed Ceropegia pubescens II

12. Species conservation by Agencies
1. Government of Nepal
• by facilitator, promoter and regulator
• commanding to different agencies
• implementation through agencies
2. Local bodies
• implementing national rules
• Domestication and cultivation
• Group Participation and local level agreement
3. Private sectors/INGOs, LNOGs
• Awareness camping
• Pilot surveying
• Community mobilization

13. Management techniques on species Conservation
1. Insitu Conservation
• conserves on 44.74% total land
• 20 PA through National Park and Wildlife Conservation act,
2029.
• Control collection permits for 30 days inside High
himalayan NP and its BZ with the first amendment in 2071.
• Needs permission application by collectors in community
and government managed forest. (Forest Regulation, 2051)
2. Exsitu Conservation
a. Botanical Gardens (Godawari)
b. Seed banks and gene banks (TISC from 1976)
c. In vitro storage
d. Tissue Culture (Godawari)
e. DNA Bank net

14. Overall threats for conservation status of NTFPs
1. Loss in habitat/ Habitat Destruction,
2. Unsustainable collection from wild,
3. Immature Harvesting
4. Illegal collection and marketing
5. Over grazing
6. Agricultural invasion and human settlements
7. E:Untitled ProjectVideosNepali
videosYarsagumba

15. Conclusion
• Frequent transportation and collection on banned
species is going although GoN has imposed
restriction on it.
• Implementation status of CITES is seen more than
IUCN red book.
• Status of NTFPs is depleting due to low technical
manpower and program.
• Overall conservation on NTFPs will not be succeed
without livelihood improvement providing other
alternative to of the rural people.

16. Recommendation
• Sustainable harvesting practice should be
encouraged by involving grass root communities.
• Strict law should enforced.
•Awareness on in-situ and ex-situ conservation.
•Initiation on research, development, its
domestication and cultivation.
• Regular monitoring and evaluation should be done
to stop illegal trading.
• NTFPs Action Plan is needed on major/vulnerable
species.

17. References
• Amatya, S.M. and Shrestha, K.R. 2010. Nepal
Forestry Handbook,- Kathmandu, Nepal.
• GoN, 1995. Forest Regulation, A compiled book on
Forest, Wildlife and Enviromental Rules and
regulation. Legal book management Committee,
Kathmandu Nepal: 140-210.
• GoN, 2004. MAPs and NTFPs Development policy,
Government of Nepal, Ministry of Forest and Soil
Conservation, Kathmandu Nepal: 8.
• GoN/MoFSC, 2014. Nepal Biodiversity Strategy
and Action Plan-2020. Government of Nepal.
Ministry of Forest and Soil Conservation,
Kathmandu, Nepal, 232.

18. References
• Khadka, C.B., Hammet, A.L., Singh, A., Balla, M.K
and Timilsena, Y.P. 2016. Ecological status and
diversity indices of Pachaaule(Dactylorhiza hatagirea)
and its associates in Lete village of Mustang district,
Nepal, Bako jankari 26(1): 45-52.
• Subedi, B.P. 1997. Workshop Theme Paper for the
workshop on the utilization of NTFPs for
Environmental Conservation and Economic
Development in Nepal, ANSAB, Nepal, 13.
• WWF, 2008. Ghimire, S.K., Pyakurel, D., Nepal,
B.K., Sapkota, I.., Parajuli, R.R and Oli, B.R. 2008. A
Manual of NTFPs of Nepal Himalaya, WWF
Kathmandu Nepal: 220.

19. Thank you for your patience