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BIOCHEMISTRY
WATER
Medical and
Biological Importance
• Water is essential constituent of all forms
of life.
• Water is present in every cell. It is the
medium in which all cellular events
occurs.
• It is required for enzyme action and for
the transport of solutes in the body.
Medical and
Biological Importance
• Water aids the folding of biomolecules
like proteins, nucleic acids, etc.
• Semi-fluid nature of body is due to water.
• Water regulates body temperature.
• Water accelerates biochemical reactions
by providing ions.
• Water content in the body alters
dehydration and edema.
Properties of Water
• Cohesion
• Adhesion
• High Specific Heat
• High Heat of Vaporization
• Less Dense as a Solid
COHESION
• Attraction between particles of the same
substance.
• Results in 'Surface Tension'.
Surface Tension
• Helps insects walk across water.
ADHESION
• Attraction between two different
substances.
• Water will make hydrogen bonds with
other surfaces such as glass, soil, plant
tissues and cotton.
Adhesion Causes
Capillary Action
• Which gives water
the ability to "climb"
structures.
HIGH SPECIFIC HEAT
HIGH HEAT OF
VAPORIZATION
Water is Nucleophilic
• Chemicals that are electron -
rich (nucleophiles) seek
electron - deficient chemicals
(electrophiles).
• Oxygen atom of water has two
unshared pairs of electrons
making it nucleophilic.
IONIZATION OF WATER
water undergoes a process
called self-ionization in which a
few molecules of water break
up into ions according to the
following equation...
PH AND BUFFERS
• Buffer solutions maintain pH in a
solution.
• A buffer solution is made up of a weak
acid and its conjugate base.
• As strong acids or bases are added the
pH remains stable.
• A good buffer solution has a pKa value
equivalent to the pH and equal amounts
of the weak acid and the conjugate base.
Problem:
 The reaction above went to equilibrium
in solution X. It was found that, at
equilibrium, the concentration of [HA]
is 0.250 M, the concentration of [H+] is
0.0134 M, and the concentration of [A-]
is 0.0134 M. What is the pKa of this
reaction?
THANK
YOU

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Biochemistry.pptx

  • 3. Medical and Biological Importance • Water is essential constituent of all forms of life. • Water is present in every cell. It is the medium in which all cellular events occurs. • It is required for enzyme action and for the transport of solutes in the body.
  • 4. Medical and Biological Importance • Water aids the folding of biomolecules like proteins, nucleic acids, etc. • Semi-fluid nature of body is due to water. • Water regulates body temperature. • Water accelerates biochemical reactions by providing ions. • Water content in the body alters dehydration and edema.
  • 5. Properties of Water • Cohesion • Adhesion • High Specific Heat • High Heat of Vaporization • Less Dense as a Solid
  • 6. COHESION • Attraction between particles of the same substance. • Results in 'Surface Tension'.
  • 7. Surface Tension • Helps insects walk across water.
  • 8. ADHESION • Attraction between two different substances. • Water will make hydrogen bonds with other surfaces such as glass, soil, plant tissues and cotton.
  • 9. Adhesion Causes Capillary Action • Which gives water the ability to "climb" structures.
  • 12.
  • 13. Water is Nucleophilic • Chemicals that are electron - rich (nucleophiles) seek electron - deficient chemicals (electrophiles). • Oxygen atom of water has two unshared pairs of electrons making it nucleophilic.
  • 14. IONIZATION OF WATER water undergoes a process called self-ionization in which a few molecules of water break up into ions according to the following equation...
  • 15. PH AND BUFFERS • Buffer solutions maintain pH in a solution. • A buffer solution is made up of a weak acid and its conjugate base. • As strong acids or bases are added the pH remains stable. • A good buffer solution has a pKa value equivalent to the pH and equal amounts of the weak acid and the conjugate base.
  • 16. Problem:  The reaction above went to equilibrium in solution X. It was found that, at equilibrium, the concentration of [HA] is 0.250 M, the concentration of [H+] is 0.0134 M, and the concentration of [A-] is 0.0134 M. What is the pKa of this reaction?