2nd year bsc sociology

1. Here is where your presentation begins …. Presented by-
Keerthan s .Sanil

2. DEFINITION
NATURE OF
CRIME
CONTROL OF
CRIME
01 02
04 05
TABLE OF CONTENTS
03
CAUSES OF
CRIME
METHODS OF
CRIME
DETECTION

3. INTRODUCTION
Crime is a pervasive and complex issue that
has plagued societies throughout history . It
encompasses a wide range of illegal activities
that can cause harm to individuals and
communities.

4. - C. Darrow
“An act forbidden by the law of the
land and for which penalty is
prescribed.”
DEFINITION

5. NATURE OF CRIME
.The criminal is a person who
does an act in violation of the
law.
. Crime is that behaviour
which is prohibited by the
criminal code.
. Criminal is generally
recognized as transgression
against the traditions and
more of the community.

6. CAUSES OF
CRIME

7.  PHYSICAL FACTOR:
The physical environment ,which includes
climate,season,geological condition,affects indirectly
upon the density of population,economic development
and cultural institution.
Physical defects turn a man into a criminal due to
these deformities,he lags behide his fellow beings in
many respects and in order to remove this difference
he turns to criminal.
CAUSES OF CRIME :

8.  BIOLOGICAL FACTOR:
 Physiological/ Constitutional factor:
A born criminal type,which was characterised
by irregularities of body and mind.
They possess a greater measure of anomalies,
eg; Asymmetry of skull,low retreating
forehead,lack of moral sense,violent temper etc.

10.  Hereditary factor:
.Weak mindedness (Physical and mental capacity is
limited)
.Dysgenic traits;Alcoholism,Prostitution, Criminality
were transmitted biologically in family strains.
. The presence of:Mental disease and
ailments,Epilepsy,Suicide .

11.  Glandular factor:
Functioning of the glands determines
temperament,intelligence,character,personality as well
as of physical and mental pathology.
Glandular disturbaces could account for many
disharmony,defective,unstable and inadequate qualities
found in the suspected constitutional inferiority of
criminals.

12.  MENTAL AND PSYCHOLOGICAL FACTORS:
.Unable to adopt approved social behaviour.
. Motivation to criminal behaviour.
. Mental disorder:Criminal insane.
. Mental mechanism :conflicts,frustrations
. Motivation to behaviour:
New experience,response,recognition, security.

13.  ENVIRONMENTAL FACTOR:
 Family condition:
 Broken marriage
 Size of family
 Sibling position
 Unsatisfactory parent-child relationship
 Democratic homes
 Lack of supervision or control over children

14.  THE COMPANIONSHIP FACTOR:
Much case was observed that the delinquency and
criminal activity is an affair of association of two or
more individuals.
eg;Fights and riots,dacoits,village vendettas.

15.  COMMUNITY CONDITIONS:
 Community disorganization
 Density and overloading
 Agencies of moral risk
 CINEMAS:
Cinemas influence indirectly the male criminals by
teaching crime techniques like exhibiting many kinds
of crimes,stimulating the desire for wealth and
comforts,showing ways and means of appropriating
them illegaly.

16.  ECONOMIC
CONDITIONS:
 Poverty
 Unemployment
 Industrialisation
 USE OF ALCOHOL
 URBANISATION
 SUPERSTITION
 FACTIONS AND FEUDS
 ABSENCE OF SOCIAL
CONTROL

17.  EXPLOITAION OF CHILDREN BY ADULTS
 GEOGRAPHYCAL CAUSES
 POLITICAL CAUSES

18. .FREE ASSOCIATION
TEST
.BLOOD PRESSURE
TEST
.BRAIN WAVE PATTERN TEST
METHODS OF CRIME DETECTION:
.PSYCHOGALVANIC REFLEX
TEST

19. CONTROL
OF CRIME

20. CONTROL OF CRIME
PROBATION PRISON
PAROLE

21. ● Probation :
Probation officer performs certain functions
for treating the criminal problems:
• To keep criminals in his personal care.
• Try to improve and reform criminals.
• Advices for solutions to problems.
• To prepare them as a good citizens of the
nation.

22. ● Parole:
It is a means of reforming criminals.
• Reformatory homes:
When criminals commit a crime in ignorance
and compelled by circumstances or where this
criminal tendency is attributable to a mental or
psychic defect will be kept in reformatory
homes.

23. ● Prison:
A model prison is setup the inmates are
provided with all the opportunities to develop
their personalities and effort is made to make
them able citizens.

24. ● Pychoanalysis:
Crimes are caused due to repressed
complexes and tendencies of sex and
jealousy causes desires and frustrated
sexual passions.Thus,education and
psychoanalytic treatement is needed for
preventing crimes instead of punishment.

25. CONCLUSI
ON

26. In conclusion crime is a complex and multifaceted issue
that has significant social,economic and personal
implications.Addressing crime requires a combination of
preventive measures,effective law
enforcement,community engagement and support
systems for rehabilitation.Its important for society to
strive towards creating an environment where
individuals are less likely to engage in criminal
activities,ultimately fostering safer and more
harmonious communities.
CONCLUSION

27. DO YOU HAVE ANY QUESTIONS?