Patanjali Yoga Sutra -SADHANA PADA www.karunayoga.in

2. Patanjali Yoga Sutra - Sadhana Pada
Major Discipline for Yoga Practice
2.1. Tapahsvadhyayayesvarapranidhanani kriyaayogah|
 Tapah- austerity
 Svadhyaya-self-study of scriptures
 Ishvarapranidhana-surrender to god
 Kriya yoga-practical yoga
Tapas, Swadhyaya and ishwara pranidhana is caled kriya
yoga.
Why should one pursue discipline for Yoga Practice
2.2. Samadhibhavanarthah klesatanukaranarthasca|
• Samadhi-superconsciousness
• Bhavanarthah-for developing the state of
• Klesa-cause of afflictions

3. • Tanu-thin
• Karanartha- for making
• Cha-and
For growing the consciousness of samadhi and for the aim
of thinning out the cause of afflictions, so that kriya
yoga practised.
Reasons for experiencing pain &difficulties in our life
2.3. Avidyasmitaragadvesabhinivesah klesah|
• Avidya-ignorance
• Asmita-i-feeling
• Raga-liking
• Dvesa-repulsion
• Abhinivesah-fear of death
• Klesah-afflictions

4. Ignorance, I-feeling, liking, disliking and fear of death,
this all are the reasons for experiencing pains in our
walk of life .
Ignorance is the foundation cause for all pain
2.4. Avidyaksetramuttaresam
prasuptatanuvichchhinnodaranam|
• Avidya-avidya
• Ksetram-field
• Uttaresam-of the following
• Prasupta-dormant
• Tanu-thin
• Vichchhinna-scattered
• Udaranam-fully operated, expanded
Avidya or ignorance can be resided in the states of
dormant, thin, scattered or expanded.

5. Meaning for Ignorance?
2.5. Anityasuchiduhkhanatmasu
nityasuchisukhatmakhyatiravidya|
• Anitya-not eternal
• Asuchi-impure
• Duhkha-pain
• Anatmasu-non-atman
• Nitya-eternal
• Suchi-pure
• Sukha-happiness
• Atma-self
• Khyati-knowledge
• Avidya-ignorance

6. Meaning of Avidya or Ignorance, is mis-understanding of
non-eternal, impure, evil things considering as eternal,
pure, good and atman.
Ego or ‘I’ feeling is one of the ignorance
2.6. Drgdarsanasaktyorekatmataivasmita|
• Drg-purusha, power of consciousness, power to see
• Darsana-that which is seen, cognition
• Saktyoh-of the two powers
• Ekatmata-identity
• Iva-as if
• Asmita-i-feeling
Asmita or ‘I’feeling, is the identity as it were of the
purusha or pure consciousness with the Buddhi or
discrminated knowledge.

7. Attachment is the one of the Ignorance
2.7. Sukhanusayi ragah|
• Sukha-pleasure
• Anusayi-accompanying
• Ragah-liking
Raga is the liking to such activities, which gives all
sensual pleasures.
Hatred is one of the Ignorance
2.8. Duhkhanusayi dvesah|
• Duhkha-pain
• Anusayi-accompanying
• Dvesah-repulsion
Disliking means, the action which gives pain to physicall
and mental level.

8. Clinging to life is one of the ignorance
2.9. Svarasavahi viduso'pi tatharudho'bhinivesah|
• Svarasavahi-sustained by its one force
• Vidush-of the learned
• Api-even
• Tatha-like that
• Rudhah-dominating
• Abhinivesah-fear of death, clining to life
Abhinivesha means desire for mundane life to extend, even
this quality dominates learned wise people too.
Future Pain in life can be reducible
2.10. Te pratiprasavaheyah suksmah|
• Te-they
• Pratiprasavah-involution

9. • Heyah-reducible
• Suksmah-subtle
Those future pains can be avoidable or reducible by
involution or by yogic practice, when they are subtle.
Through Meditation Future Pain can Be Avoidable
2. 11. Dhyanaheyastadvrttayah|
• Dhyana-meditation
• Heyah-reducible
• Tadvrttayah-their modification
The modifications of the kleshas are reducible through
meditation.
Our past accumulated action is reason for present & future
pain

10. 2.12. Klesamulah karmasayo drsthadrsthajanmavedaniyah|
• Klesa-affliction
• Mulah-root
• Karma-action
• Asayo-reservoir
• Drstha-seen, present
• Adrstha-not seen, future
• Janma-birth
• Vedaniyah-to be experienced
This accumulated karmas which is the root cause of
afflictions is to be experienced in the present and future
births.
Fruits of accumulated action
2.13. Sati mule tadvipako jatyayurbhogah|

11. • Sati mule- so long as the root is there
• Tat-it
• Vipakah-ripening
• Jati-birth, class
• Ayuh-span of life
• Bhogah-experience
So long as the root of accumulated karma is there, it
ripens and gives birth and class, span of life and
experience.
Fruits depend on past life action
2.14. Te hladaparitapaphalah punyapunyahetutvat|
• Te-they
• Hlada-joy
• Paritapa-sorrow
• Phalah-fruits

12. • Punya-merit
• Apunya-demerit
• Hetutvat-on account of
They have happinesss or sorrow as their fruits depending
upon their merit or demerit of past life action.
Pleasure and pain both are painful indeed
2.15. Parinamatapasamskaraduhkhairgunavrttivirodhacca
duhkhamva sarvam vivekinah
• Parinama-result, consequence
• Tapa-acute suffering
• Samskara-impression
• Duhkhaih-by these three pains
• Guna-three gunas
• Vrtti-modification of mind
• Virodhat-on account of, opposing

13. • Cha-and
• Duhkham-pain
• Eva-only
• Sarvam-all
• Vivekinah-those who have discrimination
In the case of one who has discrimintaive knowledge
(viveka), all is painful because of pains due to change,
acute suffering, samskaras, and also due to gunas and
vrittis in opposition.
Eight limbs of Yoga
2.29.Yamaniyamasanapranayamaprtayaharadharanadhyanasamadha
yo'stavangani|
• Yama-self restraints
• Niyama-fixed rules
• Asana-postures

14. • Pranayama-breath control
• Pratayahara-sense withdrawl
• Dharana-concentration
• Dhyana-meditation
• Samadhai-samadhi
• Asta-eight
• Angani-parts
Personal ethics, social ethics, postures, breath control
practice, sense withdrawl from its sense objects,
concentration, meditation and samadhi or
supersonsciouness, constitute the eight limbs of yoga
discipline.
Five Self-Discipline
2.30. AhimsaSatyaAsteyaBrahmacharyaaparigraha Yamah|
• Ahimsa- Non-violence
• Satya- truthfullness

15. • Asteya- honesty
• Brahmacarya-sensual abstinence
• Aparigraha-non-acquistiveness
• Yamah-self-restraints
Non-violence, truth, honesty, sensual abstinence, and non-
possesiveness are the five self-disciplines.
Following Self-Discipline is the great Path
2.31. Jatidesakalasamayanavacchinnah sarvabhauma
mahavratam|
• Jati-class of birth
• Desa-country, or place
• Kala-time
• Samaya-circumstances
• Anavacchinnah-unconditioned
• Sarvabhauma-universal

16. • Mahavratam-the great discipline
It can be practiced universally without exception due to
birth, place, time and circumstances then yamas become
great disciplines.
Social-discipline for yoga practice
2.32. Sauchasantosatapahsvadhyayesvarapranidhanani
niyamah|
• Saucha-clenaliness
• Santosa-contentment
• Tapah-austerity
• Svadhyaya-self-study
• Isvara pranidhanani-resignation to god
• Niyamah-fixed rules
Cleanliness, contentment, austerity, self-study and self-
surrender to God constitute social discipline.

17. Path to remove mind disturbance
2. 33. Vitarkabadhane pratipaksabhavanam|
• Vitarka-passions
• Badhane- on disturbances
• Pratipaksa-the opposite
• Bhavanam-pondering over
When the mind is disturbed by passions one should practise
contemplating over their opposites nature.
Qualities and characteristics of mind disturbances
2.34. Vitarka himsadayah krtakaritanumodita
lobhakrodhamohapurvaka
mrdumadhyadimatraduhkhajnananantaphala iti
pratipaksabhavanam|
• Vitarka-evil passions
• Himsadayah-violence and others
• Krta-done by ones self

18. • Karita-done through others
• Anumodita-approved
• Lobha-greed
• Krodha-anger
• Moha-confusion
• Purvaka-preceded by
• mrdu-mild
• madhya-moderate
• adhimatra-intense
• duhkha-pain
• ajnana-ignorance
• ananta-infinite
• phalah-reults
• iti-like that
• pratipaksa-opposite

19. • bhavanam-thinking
Thinking of evil thoughts such as violence, whether done
through oneself, through others, or approved, is caused by
greed, anger and confusion. They can be mild, medium, or
intense. Pratipaksha bhavana is thinking that these evil
thoughts cause infinite pain and ignorance.
Benefits of following Non-Violence
2.35. Ahimsapratisthayam tatsamnidhau vairatyagah|
• Ahimsa-non-violence
• Pratisthayam-on being firmly established
• Tatsamnidhau-in its vicinity
• Vaira-hostility
• Tyagah-abandonment
Those who following strongly ahimsa path, there is
abandonment of hostility and enmity in his vicinity.

20. Benefits of following Truthfulness
2.36. Satyapratisthayam kriyaphalasrayatvam|
• Satya-truthfulness
• Pratisthayam-on being firmly established
• Kriya-action
• Phala-result or fruit
• Asrayatvam-basis
Those who following truthfullness, the actions result in
fruits, entirely depending on them.
Benefits of being honesty
2.37. Asteyapratisthayam sarvaratnopasthanam|
• Asteya-honesty
• Pratisthayam-on being firmly established
• Sarva-all
• Ratna-gems

21. • Upasthanam-self-presentation
By being firmly established in honesty path, so all gems
present with themselves.
Benefits of being celibacy
2.38. Brahmacharyapratisthayam viryalabhah|
• Brahmacharya-sexual abstinence
• Pratisthayam-on being firmly established
• Virya-indomitable courage
• Labhah-gain
By following celibacy, veerya is gained.
Benefits of following Non-possessiveness
2.39. Aparigrahasthairye janmakathantssambodah|
• Aparigraha-non-possessiveness
• Sthairye-on becoming steady
• Janma-birth

22. • Kathanta-how and from where
• Sambodah-knowledge
On becoming stable in non-possessiveness, there arises the
knowledge of how and from where birth arise.
Benefits of being cleanliness
2.40. Saucat svanga jugupsa parairasaàsargah|
• Saucat-from clealiness
• Svanga-one own body
• Jugupsa-indifference
• Paraih-with others
• Asamsargah-non-attachment
By being cleanliness there comes indifference towards
one’s own body and non-attachment to others.
Control of mind through cleanliness
2.41. Satvasuddhi
saumanasyaikagryendriyajayatmadarsanayogyatvani cha|

23. • Satvasuddhi-purity of internal being
• Sauomanasya-cheer fullness
• Ekagrya-one-pointedness
• Indriyajaya-control of senses
• Atmadarsana-vision of the self
• Yogyatvani-ftness
• Cha-and
By the practice of mental purity one gains qualification
for cheerfulness, one-pointedness, sense control and
vision of the self.
Benefits of being contentment
2.42. Santosadanuttamasukhalabhah|
• Santosad-from contentment
• Anuttamah-unexcelled
• Sukha-pleasure
• Labhah-gain

24. Infinite happiness comes from the practice of contentment.
Benefits of austerities
2.43. Kayendriya siddhirasuddhiksayattapasah|
• Kaya-the body
• Indriya-sense organ
• Siddhi-perfection
• Asuddhi-impurity
• Ksayat-destruction
• Tapasah-by austerities
By following austerities, impurities are eradicated and
there appears perfection in the body and sense organs.
Benefits of self-study
2.44. Svadhyayadistadevatasamprayogah|
• Svadhyayat-by self-awareness, self-obsrvation
• Istadevata-the deity of choice

25. • Samprayogah-communion
By self-study, union with the desired deity is brought
about.
Benefits of self-surrendering to God
2.45. Samadhisiddhirisvarapranidhanat|
• Samadhi- superconsiousness
• Siddhi-perfection
• Isvara-god
• Pranidhanat-self-surrender
Succcess in superconsiousness comes by complete
resignation to God.
How should be Asana?
2.46. Sthirasukhamasanam|
• Sthira-steady
• Sukham-comfortable
• Asanam-posture

26. Steady and comfortable should be the posture.
How to mastery Asana
2.47. Prayatnasaithilyananatasamapattibhyam|
• Prayatna-effort
• Saithilya-looseness
• Ananta-the serpent called ananta
• Samapattibhyam-by meditation
By effortless effort and by meditation on the serpent
ananta, asana is mastered.
Benefits of by mastery over Asana
2.48. Tato dvandvanabhighatah|
• Tatah-from that
• Dvandva-pair of opposites
• Anabhighatah-no impact
Thereby the pairs of opposites stop to have any impact.

27. What is pranayama?
2.49. Tasmin sati svasaprasvasayorgativichchhedah
pranayamah|
• Tasmin-on that
• Sati-having been
• Svasaprasvasayah-inhalation, exhalation
• Gati-movement
• Vichchhedah-break, cessation
• Pranayamah-pranayama
After the asana practice done, pranayama is the stopping
of the movement of incoming and outcomng breath.
Types of Pranayama
2.50. Bahyabhyantarastambhavrttih desakalasankhyabhih
paridrsto dirghasuksmah ,
• Bahyah-outer
• Abhyantara-internal

28. • Stambhavrttih-supperessed stage
• Desa-place
• Kala-time
• Sankhyabhih-number
• Paridrstah-measured
• Dirgha-prolonged
• Suksmah-subtle
Pranayama is external, internal or suspended, regulated by
place, time and number and becomes prolonged and subtle.
Fourth type of pranayama
2.51. Bahyabhyantaravisayaksepi chaturthah|
• Bahya-external
• Abhyantara-internal
• Viñaya-object
• Aksepi-transcending

29. • Chaturtha-fourth
The fourth pranayama is that which transcends the internal
and external object, called it breathless state.
By practicing pranayama luminosity achieved
2.52. Tatah ksiyate prakasavaranam|
• Tatah-thereby
• Ksiyate-disappears
• Prakasa-light
• Avaranam-covering
Thereby the covering of light vanish.
Pranayama for good concentration
2.53. Dharanasu cha yogyata manasah|
• Dharanasu-in concentartion
• Cha-and
• Yogyata-fitness

30. • Manasah-of the mind
And mind becomes well qualified for concentration.
Withdrawing of the mind
2.54. Svavisayasamprayoge chittasvarupanukara indriyanam
pratyaharah|
• Sva-ones own
• Visaya-object
• Asamprayoge-not coming into contact
• Chitta-mind
• Svarupa-own form
• Anukara-imitating
• Iva-as if
• Indriyanam-of the senses
• Pratyaharah-withdrawal
Pratyahara means, the imitation by the senses of the mind
by withdrawing them from their respective sense objects.

31. Mastery over the senses by pratyahara
2.55. Tatah paramavasyatendriyanam|
• Tatah-thereby
• Parama-highest
• Vasyate-mastery
• Indriyanam-of the senses
This is the highest state of mastery over the sense organs
by pratyahara practice.