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3. @§I«nNq G$ÞR= pgWq,f§ñG¥$U
zÛUq_ ]lel G$r @l³mLlZ`G$ m‹S=lA© 5cs G$il fn àl`§] glnUq g³& anzG$Y
2007-08 fn @§I«nNq G$ln mgaq G$il fn gq mZ`L_lË^G$ ]lel Gn$ ñ$m ^{
zfH¶l Nl `gl g³&
8. anzG$Y 10+2 Gn$ @lIn zcW²_lVt G$ÞR= @Vcl @§I«nNq ^{ ^lÌ m‹S=Ynclan
^lÜ_^ G$ln LvY fG$Un g¢& AfzaD ^lÜ_z^G$ ñU` mgþ±LYn UG$ zcW²_lVt AY
WlnYl{ ]lel@l{ ^{ @zXG$l` àlá zG$_n glnUn g¢&
Af G$l`T mlQ=çmvñUG$ zY^l©T fz^zU_l{ G$ln ]lel mlQ=çmvñUG$ zY^l©T G$`Un
f^_ zYzW©ï= ^lI©Wd©Y zW_l NlUl g³&
9. @§I«nNq ^lÜ_^ G$ÞR= `zgU zcW²_la_l{ ^{ mgaq G$il fn G$ÞR= G$ln mZ`L_
]lel Gn$ ñ$m ^{ @l³` @§I«nNq ^lÜ_^ `zgU zcW²_la_l{ ^{ @§I«nNq ]lel G$ln mgaq
G$il fn mZ`L_ ]lel Gn$ ñ$m ^{ m‹S=l_l NlUl g³&
*****

10
zÛUq_ @Ü_l_zÛUq_ @Ü_l_zÛUq_ @Ü_l_zÛUq_ @Ü_l_
zÌ]lel fxÌzÌ]lel fxÌzÌ]lel fxÌzÌ]lel fxÌ-
fY² 1961 ^{ zÌ]lel fxÌ B]` G$` @l_l & }lW ^{ G$lnQl=`q G$z^dY
(1964-66) Gn$ W²cl`l zÌ]lel fxÌ ^{ fvXl` al_l I_l& ^lU¥]lel@l{ @l³` inÌq_
]lel@l{ ,`lï´=q_ DG$Ul UVl àdlfG$r_ fvzcXl @l³` UG$YqG$r BÝYzU G$ln f^nP= anYn
Gn$ BW²Wní_ fn zÌ]lel fxÌ G$ln zYñ$zmU zG$_l I_l g³& zdil ^{ ]lel G$r NzP=aUl
G$ln Wÿ` G$`Gn$ ]lel G$ln fà @l³` fvI^ }YlYl AfG$l à^vH ^vW²Wl `gl g³& AUYl gq
Ygs, ]lÙq_ `lÁ_l{ ^{ ]lzeG$ mZòñVzU_l{ G$r zczcXUl G$ln ]q `nHl§zG$U zG$_l
I_l g³& AY zce_l{ m` 1968 ^{§ LLl© G$r I_q g³& Af$ @Yvfl`-
1. zcW²_la_l{ ^{ ^lU¥]lel _l inÌq_ ]lel G$ln m‹S=lYl LlzgD&
2. W²zcUq_ ]lel pgWq ]leq `lÁ_l{ ^{ W²zcUq_ ]lel G$lnA© ]q @Ý_ @lXvzYG$
]lel _l @§I«nNq gln @l³` pgWqU` ]leq `lÁ_l{ ^{ W²zcUq_ ]lel pgWq _l
@§I«nNq gln&
3. U¥Uq_ ]lel-pgWq ]leq `lÁ_l{ ^{ Uqf`q ]lel @§I«nNq glnIq @Vcl DG$
@lXvzYG$ ]lÙq_ ]lel Nln W²zcUq_ ]lel Gn$ ñ$m ^{ Y m‹S=q Nl `gq gln&
pgWqU` ]leq `lÁ_l{ ^{ Uqf`q ]lel @§I«nNq gln _l DG$ @lXvzYG$ ]lÙq_
]lel Nln W²zcUq_ ]lel Gn$ ñ$m ^{ Y m‹S=q Nl `gq gln&

11
zÌ]lel fxÌ pgWq ]leq `lÁ_l{ Gn$ zaD pgWq, @§I«nNq @l³` ]lÙq_ ]lel@l{
(HlfG$` WziT ]lÙq_ ]lel) G$l, @l³` pgWqU` `lÁ_l{ Gn$ zaD inÌq_ ]lel zg§Wq
c @§I«nNq G$l àlcXlY àñUlzcU g³& anzG$Y Gv$M= `lÁ_l{ ^{ _g YqzU @â Ygs G$r
I_q& pgWq `lÁ_, pgWq, @§I«nNq @l³` f§ñG¥$U UVl pgWqU` `lÁ_ ^v»_U… UzâYlRv
W²zc]leq fxÌq _lYq Uzâ @l³` @§I«nNq fn G$l^ Lal `gn g¢, anzG$Y ]lÙ Gn$ G$A©
`lÁ_l{ ^{ zÌ]lel fxÌ G$ln alIx zG$¶l I¶l g³&
******

12
U¥Uq_ @Ü_l_U¥Uq_ @Ü_l_U¥Uq_ @Ü_l_U¥Uq_ @Ü_l_
@Ý_ ]lel zdiT G$r Bm_vº$ zczX@Ý_ ]lel zdiT G$r Bm_vº$ zczX@Ý_ ]lel zdiT G$r Bm_vº$ zczX@Ý_ ]lel zdiT G$r Bm_vº$ zczX
(`LYlË^G$ Ñzï= fn(`LYlË^G$ Ñzï= fn(`LYlË^G$ Ñzï= fn(`LYlË^G$ Ñzï= fn))))
]lel Gn$ Ll`l{ G$l³dal{ (fvYYl,}lnaYl,m‹S=Yl @l³` zaHYl) G$ln DG$ zcdne
G«$^ ^{ zfHlYn G$r mW²XzU gq f§`LYlË^G$ zczX G$galUq g³& _g @§I«nNq Gn$
ñP´=ñP´=ñP´=ñP´=G«$Là ^nVRG«$Là ^nVRG«$Là ^nVRG«$Là ^nVR= dãW G$l @YxzWU ñ$m g³&
zG$fq ]q ]lel G$ln dlóq_ UVl fà ñ$m ^{ zfHlYn @l³` fqHYn ^{ _g
zczX fgl_G$ glnUq g³&Af zczX ^{ ]lel G$l zdiT zW_l NlUl g³&
@Ü_lmG$ @l³` zcW²µ_lzV©_l{ Gn$ }qL f§clW Gn$ W²cl`l ]lel zfHl_q NlUq
g³&Af zcXlY G$ln f§clW-@ä_lf zczX G$gUn g¢& Af mW²XzU ^{ ]lel zfHlYn Gn$
zaD ^l³zHG$ @ä_lf m` }a zW_l NlUl g³& Af zczX ^{ P=nmZ`G$lR=©`, `nzR=_ln,
Wÿ`Wd©Y-@lzW kì_, Ñí_ flÎ«q G$l Bm_lnI zG$_l NlUl g³& AfzaD Af mW²XzU
G$ln kì_-Ñí_ zczX ]q G$gUn g¢&fvYG$` @l³` WnHG$` ]lel fqHYn G$l _g U`qG$l
alnG$zà_ g³&Llgn zG$fq ]q Yl^ fn mvG$l`l Nl_,_g mW²XzU f§`LYlË^G$ zczX Gn$
Yl^ fn àzfW²X g³&
zcdneUlD±…-
C$m` G$gl I_l g³ zG$ ]lel Gn$ Ll` G$l³da g¢-fvYYl,}lnaYl, m‹S=Yl @l³`
zaHYl& àV‘ Gn$ Wln G$l³da ^l³zHG$ g¢ @l³` @Ý¶ Wln G$l³da zazHU g³§& àV‘ Gn$

13
Wln G$l³da fvYYl @l³` }lnaYl- @V© NlYYn Gn$ U`qGn$ g¢&N}zG$ m‹S=Yl @l³` zaHYl
@mYn ]lc àG$P= G$`Yn Gn$ U`qGn g¢ AY Ll`l{ G$l³dal{ Gn$ Ûl`l gq ]lel zfHl¶q NlUq
g³&
f§`LYlË^G$ zczX Gn$ @§UI©U f}fn mgan fvYYl @l³` }lnaYl G$l³dal{ G$ln
zfHl_l NlUl g³ @l³` BfGn$ }lW clLY @l³` anHY G$l³dal{ G$ln& AY Ll`l{ G$l³dal{
G$ln YqLn G$r UlzaG$l ^{ zWHl_l I_l g³-
@V© I«gT@V© I«gT@V© I«gT@V© I«gT @z]ì_zº$@z]ì_zº$@z]ì_zº$@z]ì_zº$
àXlY G$l³da (^l³zHG$) fvYG$` f^OYl (fvYYl) }lnaYl
Il³T G$l³da (ZazHU) m‹S=Yl zaHYl
Af zczX ^{ ^l³zHG$ @ä_lf m` Á_lWl }a zW_l NlUl g³& ^l³zHG$
@ä_lf G$`Yn Gn$ zaD zR´=a _l fl±Ln G$l Bm¶lnI zG$¶l NlUl g³& @Ü_lmG$ G$il ^{
m‹S=l_n NlYnclan clŠ_- fl±Ln G$ln zcÚlVt¶l{ G$ln ñmï= G$`Ul g³ @l³` BfGn$ }lW fl±Ll
@ä_lf _l ^l³zHG$ @ä_lf G$`lUl g³& fl±Ll @ä_lf fvYYl @l³` }lnaYn Gn$ G$l³dal{
Gn$ zcG$lf Gn$ zaD Nñ$`q g³& N} zcW²_lVt fl±Ll @ä_lf ‘{ ]lel G$r clŠ_
f§`LYl@l{ G$ln zaH anUl g³ U} ^l³zHG$ G$l³dal{ G$l @ä¶lf zG$_l Nl fG$Ul g³&
}lW ^{ M=lÌl{ G$ln m‹S=Yl @l³` zaHYl G$l³dal{ G$l @ä_lf G$`l_l NlUl g³& N} M=lÌ
^l³zHG$ @ä_lf G$` anUl g³ Uln cg dãWl{ @l³` M=lnP=n-M=lnP=n clŠ_l{ G$ln m‹S=Yn @l³`

14
zaHYn Gn$ zaD ànZÙ glnUl g³& M=lÌ @mYn ]lcYl@l{ @l³` zcLl`l{ G$ln M=lnP=n-M=lnP=n
clŠ_l{ ^{ àG$P= G$`Yn aIUl g³&
^lYc f§fl` G$l knð= àlTq g³& Bfn _g ñVlY zWalYnclaq fÎll ]lel g³&
]lel Gn$ fqHYn Gn$ G$A© U`qGn$ g¢& zcíc Gn$ G$A© zdil zcWl{ Yn @mYn @mYn S=§I fn
]lel zfHlYn Gn$ U`qGn$ }Ul_n g¢ & Xq`n-Xq`n WþzY_l ^{ G$A© ]lel zdiT G$r
mW²XzU_l± @â ^{ al_q I_q & G$A© à_lnIl{ Gn$ }lW f§`LYlË^G$ zczX ]lel zdiT
G$r f[$a àTlaq Gn$ ñ$m ^{ ^lÝ_ gþA© g³& Af zczX Gn$ NÝ^WlUl Vn @^Z`G$l Gn$
àzfW²X ]lel c³jlzYG$ ãax^[$rëR=& fY² 1941 fn f§`LYlË^G$ zczX fl`n f§fl` ^{
]lel zdiT G$r à^vH mW²XzU Gn$ ñ$m ‘{ @mYl¶q I¶q g³&
f§W]©…f§W]©…f§W]©…f§W]©…----`LYl flzgË_… 6cs G$il `lÁ_ zdil @Yvf§XlY @l³` àzdiT mZèW²-}{Iax`&

15
LUvV© @Ü_l_LUvV© @Ü_l_LUvV© @Ü_l_LUvV© @Ü_l_
@Ý_@Ý_@Ý_@Ý_ ]lel]lel]lel]lel zdiTzdiTzdiTzdiT
àñUvU dqe©G $Gn$ f§}§X ^{ NlYYn fn mxc© zYåYzazHU Gv$M= p}Wþ@l{ Gn$ f§}§X ^{
NlYG$l`q mlYl @lcí_G$ gq Ygs @zYcl_© g³&
]l]l]l]lel…el…el…el…----
]lel zcLl`l{ UVl ]lcln§ G$ln àG$P= G$`Yn G$l fdº$ flXY g³& ]lel Gn$ W²cl`l
^lYc f^vWl_ @mYn zcLl`l{ UVl ]lcl{ G$ln à]lcdlaq S=§I fn Wÿf`l{ UG$ mgþ±LlUl g³
@l³` Wÿf`l{ Gn$ zcLl`l{ UVl ]lcl{ G$ln fÔUl g³& Wÿf`n dãWl{ ^{ ]lel f§àneT G$l
à]lcdlaq flXY g³&
^Ylnc³jlzYG$l{ Gn$ @Yvfl` ]lel f^ñU ^lYzfG$ zG«$_l@l{,^Yln]lcl{ G$r
@z]ì_zº$ G$l flXY g³& ]lel Gn$ ^lÜ_^ fn gq f^ñU ^lYzfG$ àzG«$_lD± JzP=U
glnUq g³& zcLl` @l³` ]lel G$l @Px=P= f§}§X AY }lUl{ G$r mvzï= G$Ùl g³& ñmï= g³ zG$
^Ylnc³jlzYG$ zcLl`Xl`l Gn$ @Yvfl` ]lel f^ñU ^lYzfG$ dzº$_l{, zcLl`l{, UVl
]lcl{ Gn$ zcG$lf G$l @lXl` g³&
f^lNdlóq_ zcLl`Xl`l Gn$ @Yvfl` ]lel f^lzNG$ f§IQ=Y, fl^lzNG$
]lcYl@l{ @l³` fl^lzNG$ ì_cgl` G$l DG$^lÌ flXY g³& ]lel Gn$ W²cl`l f^lN G$l
IQ=Y @l³` BfG$l zcG$lf glnUl g³& f§ñG¥$zU G$l zcG$lf ]q ]lel W²cl`l gq f§]c g³&
]lel Gn$ @]lc ^{ f^lN @l³` f§ñG¥$zU G$r G$ëmYl ]q @f§]c g³&
^lU¥]lel…^lU¥]lel…^lU¥]lel…^lU¥]lel…----
^lU¥]lel cg g³ zG$ ^lUl Gn$ ^vH fn zY…ñf¥U, f}fn mgan }ƒl ]lel Gn$
@N©Y G$r àzG«$_l fn @zN©U G$Ùl g³ (fvYYl,}lnaYl)& Ü_lY WnYn G$r }lU _g g³ zG$
^lU¥]lel G$ln }ƒl ^lUl-zmUl, ]lA©-}gY UVl @Ý_ mZ`NYl{ Gn$ }qL `gG$` fgN
@l³` ñcl]lzcG$ ñ$m fn fqHUl g³& Lx±zG$ }laG$ fl^Ý_U… ^l± Gn$ f§mG©$ ^{ @zXG$

16
`gUl g³& AfzaD }LmY ^{ fqHq I_q }lnaq _l ]lel G$ln ^lU¥]lel G$l Yl^ zW_l
NlUl g³&
@Ý_]lel…@Ý_]lel…@Ý_]lel…@Ý_]lel…----
@Ý_ ]lel G$l @V© g³ zG$ Wÿf`q ]lel fn, ^lU¥]lel fn z]Þ zG$fq Wÿf`q
]lel G$ln @Ý_]lel G$l Yl^ zW_l NlUl g³& @U… ^lU¥]lel G$ln fqHYn Gn$ }lW
}laG$ _zW zG$fq Wÿf`q ]lel G$ln fqHUl g³ Uln cg BfGn$ zaD @Ý_]lel glnUq g³&
@mYn mZ`cl` ^{ ^lU¥]lel fqHYn Gn$ }lW gq }ƒl @Ý_]lel fqHUl g³&
@Ý_]lel@Ý_]lel@Ý_]lel@Ý_]lel dãW G$l @V© ì_lmG$ g³& ]l³IlnzaG$ Ñzï= fn @Ý_]lel G$r Wln
G$lnzP=_l± gln fG$Uq g¢-Wndq]lel @l³` zcWndq ]lel& Wndq]lel @l³` zcWndq ]lel ^{
^l³zaG$ @§U` g³& @Ý_]lel G$ln g^ zdiT G$r Ñzï= fn mvY… Wln G$lnzP=_l{ ^{ zc]lzNU
G$` fG$Un g¢-f^ólnUq_ UVl zcz]Þ ólnUq_ & f^ólnUq_ ]lel@l{ ^{ ólnU f^lY
glnYn Gn$ G$l`T @mnilG¥$U @zXG$ flå_Ul ml_q NlUq g³&

17
@Ý_]lel zdiT Gn$ BW²Wní_…@Ý_]lel zdiT Gn$ BW²Wní_…@Ý_]lel zdiT Gn$ BW²Wní_…@Ý_]lel zdiT Gn$ BW²Wní_…----
1. ]lel Gn$ Ll`l{ G$l³dal{ G$l zcG$lf G$`Yl&
2. zcñU¥U inÌ ^{ zcLl`l{ Gn$ @lWlY àWlY G$r Gv$daUl G$l zcG$lf
G$`Yl&
3. jlYlN©Y G$r iÛl G$l zcG$lf G$`Yl&
4. @l³³W²_lnzIG$ inÌ ^{ ]lel à_lnI G$r Gv$daUl G$l zcG$lf G$`Yl&
6. flzgoË_G$ `fñclWY G$`Yl&
6. YcqY f§ñG¥$zU G$l mZ`L_ WnYl&
7. ]lelA© @§UW©þzï= G$l zcG$lf G$`Yl&
8. ì_zº$Ëc G$l mZ`^lN©Y G$`Yl&
@Ý_]lel zdiT G$@Ý_]lel zdiT G$@Ý_]lel zdiT G$@Ý_]lel zdiT G$r zczX_l±…r zczX_l±…r zczX_l±…r zczX_l±…----
1. ì_lG$`T-@YvclW zczX
2. àË_i-zczX
3. f§`LYl zczX _l kcT-]leT zczX
4. @z]G«$zÛ ñclÜ_l_ zczX
5. fôÝcU zczX
@lXvzYG$ zdiT mW²XzU_l±…@lXvzYG$ zdiT mW²XzU_l±…@lXvzYG$ zdiT mW²XzU_l±…@lXvzYG$ zdiT mW²XzU_l±…----
1. R=lëP=Y _lnNYl
2. _lnNYl mW²XzU

18
3. }vzY_lWq zdil
4. pG$R=`IlR=©Y mW²XzU
5. ^l§Pn=f`q mW²XzU
6. g²_xZ`ñzP=G$ mW²XzU
7 .f^ñ_l mW²XzU
8 Hna W²cl`l zdiT
]lel zdiT Gn$ fxÌ…]lel zdiT Gn$ fxÌ…]lel zdiT Gn$ fxÌ…]lel zdiT Gn$ fxÌ…----
1. jlU fn @jlU
2 .f`a fn G$zQ=Y
3. mxT© fn H§R=
4 .^xU© fn @^xU©
5. @Yv]c fn UG©$
6 .zYI^ fn @lI^Y
f§W]©…f§W]©…f§W]©…f§W]©…----
1.mÌlLl` mlQ=çG«$^-G{$Ðq_ pgWq f§ñVlY @lI`l&
2.]lel1 ]lel2 G$r zdiT zczX_l± @l³` mlQ= zY_lnNY-R=l°.aú^qYl`l_T d^l©&
3.pgWq zdiT zfW²Xl§U @l³` àzczX-^Yln`^l Ivál &
4.pgWq zdiT-`l^dG$a ml§R=n_&

19
ml±Lcl± @Ü_l_ml±Lcl± @Ü_l_ml±Lcl± @Ü_l_ml±Lcl± @Ü_l_
]lel G$l³da]lel G$l³da]lel G$l³da]lel G$l³da
]lel Gn$ Ll` G$l³da g¢-cn g¢-fvYYl, }lnaYl, m‹S=Yl @l³` zaHYl & AY
G$l³dal{ G$ln Wln ]lIl{ ^{ zc]º$ G$` fG$Un g¢& mgal ^v»_ G$l³da Wÿf`l Il³T
G$l³da& ^v»_ G$l³da Gn$ @§UI©U fvYYl @l³` }lnaYl Wln G$l³da @lUn g¢& Il³T
G$l³da Gn$ @§UI©U m‹S=Yl @l³` zaHYl @lUn g¢&
kcT G$l³da G$l fl^lÝ_ @V© g³ -fvYYn G$r zYmvTUl & zczdï= @V© g³ zG$
fqHq NlYnclaq ]lel G$r zcz]Þ ÜczY_l{ @l³` BYGn$ f§_lnIln§ G$ln fgq ñ$m fn fvYYl
@l³` fÔYl& ÜczY_l{ Gn$ @§U` G$ln mgLlYYl @l³` Bf @§U` G$ln _lW `HYl UVl
@z]ì_º$ @V© G$ln fÔYl& fvYYl, fÔYl, @§U` G$ln mgLlYYYl,(_lW `HYl)
@V©I«gT G$`Yl. (_lW `HYl)&
kcT G$l³da Gn$ @§kcT G$l³da Gn$ @§kcT G$l³da Gn$ @§kcT G$l³da Gn$ @§I…I…I…I…----
1. ÜczY @z]jlY
2. @V©I«gT _l @V©}lnX(fÔYl) BWl…- Lla-fla, }f-f},&
kcT G$l³da Gn$ Ll` mi…kcT G$l³da Gn$ Ll` mi…kcT G$l³da Gn$ Ll` mi…kcT G$l³da Gn$ Ll` mi…----
1 cº$l Gn$ }alJlU, @YvUlY, zc`l^zLg²Y, zcc¥zÎl-@lzW G$ln fgq-
fgq fvYYl @l³` fÔYl&
2. cº$l Gn$ W²cl`l à_vº$ ì_lG$`zTG$ f§`LYl G$ln fÔYl&

20
3. cº$l G$r dãWlcaq G$ln mgLlYYl/cº$l Gn$ W²cl`l G$gq I_q }lU G$l
@V©I«gT G$`Yl&
fxLYl…-1 ]lel G$ln fvYG$` mgLlYYl, zfHlYl UVl @V©I«gT G$`Yn G$r i^Ul
G$l zcG$lf G$`Yl&
kcTkcTkcTkcT----G$l³³da G$ln zcG$zfU G$`Yn G$r àzG«$_lG$l³³da G$ln zcG$zfU G$`Yn G$r àzG«$_lG$l³³da G$ln zcG$zfU G$`Yn G$r àzG«$_lG$l³³da G$ln zcG$zfU G$`Yn G$r àzG«$_l
1.1.1.1. fl^lÝ_kcTfl^lÝ_kcTfl^lÝ_kcTfl^lÝ_kcT
dl§UzLÎl kcT
DG$lI«zLÎl kcT
m_l©á ^lÌl ^{ kcT
2.2.2.2. L_YlË^G$L_YlË^G$L_YlË^G$L_YlË^G$ kcTkcTkcTkcT
fl^lÝ_ ÜczY_l{ G$l kcT
YcqY ÜczY_l{ G$l kcT
f^ñ_lË^G$ ÜczY_l{ G$l kcT
@YvUlY fl±Ll{ G$l kcT
dãW, clŠ_l§dl{ @l³` clŠ_l{ G$l zcz]Þ f§W]l G$l kcT
ì_lG$`zTG$ ñ$ml{ G$l kcT

21
}lnaYl G$l³da…}lnaYl G$l³da…}lnaYl G$l³da…}lnaYl G$l³da…----
@V© @l³` ^gËc…@V© @l³` ^gËc…@V© @l³` ^gËc…@V© @l³` ^gËc…----
zcLl`l{ G$ln ^l³zHG$ ñ$m fn @z]ì_º$ G$`Yl& ]lel zdiT Gn$ f§W]© ^{
}lnaG$` ñmï= ñ$m fn ì_º$ G$`Yl, klnUlIT fvYG$` f^O fG{$ @l³` @V©I«gT G$`
fG{$&
}lnaYl}lnaYl}lnaYl}lnaYl----G$l³da Gn$ @§I…G$l³da Gn$ @§I…G$l³da Gn$ @§I…G$l³da Gn$ @§I…----
^l³zHG$ @z]ì_zº$ G$ln zcG$zfU G$`Yn Gn$ @ä_lf…^l³zHG$ @z]ì_zº$ G$ln zcG$zfU G$`Yn Gn$ @ä_lf…^l³zHG$ @z]ì_zº$ G$ln zcG$zfU G$`Yn Gn$ @ä_lf…^l³zHG$ @z]ì_zº$ G$ln zcG$zfU G$`Yn Gn$ @ä_lf…----
àíY @l³` BÎl` @ä_lf
fl±Ll @ä_lf
WnHln @l³` cT©Y G$`ln @ä_lf
G$`ln @l³` G$gln @ä_lf
clUl©alm @ä_lf
G$glYq G$VY
@z]Y_ UVl ]leT @ä_lf

22
clLY G$l³da…clLY G$l³da…clLY G$l³da…clLY G$l³da…----
1.1.1.1. clLY G$l³da G$l @V© @l³` ^gËc…clLY G$l³da G$l @V© @l³` ^gËc…clLY G$l³da G$l @V© @l³` ^gËc…clLY G$l³da G$l @V© @l³` ^gËc…----
zazm àUqG$l{ G$ln mgLlYUn gþD ÜczY àUqG$l{ Gn$ flV BYG$l f§}§X Nln‹R=Yl
UVl BYfn }Yn gþD dãWl{ W²cl`l @z]ì_º$ @V© G$ln I«gT G$`Yl @Vl©U² zazm àUqG$l{
G$r mgLlY & @V©I«gT G$Ùn gþD clLY&
clLY G$l³da G$r àzG«$_l…clLY G$l³da G$r àzG«$_l…clLY G$l³da G$r àzG«$_l…clLY G$l³da G$r àzG«$_l…----
clLY G$l³da Gn$ BW²Wní_
clLY G$l³da G$l zdiT
clLY Gn$ àG$l`clLY Gn$ àG$l`clLY Gn$ àG$l`clLY Gn$ àG$l`- fñc` clLY, ^l³YclLY, IgYclLY, zcñU¥U clLY,
fl^lÝ_ clLY @l³` ÑUclLY&
clLY zdiT Gn$ ñU`…clLY zdiT Gn$ ñU`…clLY zdiT Gn$ ñU`…clLY zdiT Gn$ ñU`…-mgal ñU`, Wÿf`l ñU`, Uqf`l ñU`, Ll³Vl ñU`,
ml±Lcl± ñU` @l³` M=Q=cl± ñU`&
clLY ^{ ^lU¥]lel G$l ì_lJlUclLY ^{ ^lU¥]lel G$l ì_lJlUclLY ^{ ^lU¥]lel G$l ì_lJlUclLY ^{ ^lU¥]lel G$l ì_lJlU
clLY flÎ«q…clLY flÎ«q…clLY flÎ«q…clLY flÎ«q…---- @lXl` flÎ«q, fgflÎ«q @l³` fgl_G$ zdiT flÎ«q&@lXl` flÎ«q, fgflÎ«q @l³` fgl_G$ zdiT flÎ«q&@lXl` flÎ«q, fgflÎ«q @l³` fgl_G$ zdiT flÎ«q&@lXl` flÎ«q, fgflÎ«q @l³` fgl_G$ zdiT flÎ«q&
anHY G$l³da…anHY G$l³da…anHY G$l³da…anHY G$l³da…----
@V© @l³` ^ôËc@V© @l³` ^ôËc@V© @l³` ^ôËc@V© @l³` ^ôËc…- ]lel zcdne ^{ ñcqG¥$U @l³` zazm àUqG$l{ Gn$ ^lÜ_^ fn
zcLl`l{ UVl ]lcl{ G$ln @§zG$U G$`Yn G$r Gv$daUl&
anHY G$l³da zcG$anHY G$l³da zcG$anHY G$l³da zcG$anHY G$l³da zcG$lf Gn$ flnmlY…lf Gn$ flnmlY…lf Gn$ flnmlY…lf Gn$ flnmlY…---- cT©`LYl, cU©Yq @l³` `LYl&
f§`LG$ `nHl@l{ Gn$ @ä_lf…f§`LG$ `nHl@l{ Gn$ @ä_lf…f§`LG$ `nHl@l{ Gn$ @ä_lf…f§`LG$ `nHl@l{ Gn$ @ä_lf…---- cTl G$l jlY,cT©]nW jlY,cT© f§_lnI G$l
jlY, cT© ÜczY fg f§}§X jlY,fvR=l³a cT© `LYl G$`Yl, fvR=l³a @l³` dvW²X

23
ñ$m ^{ cT© f§_lnI G$`Yl, fl^lÝ_ ÑUIzU fn fvclÀ_ cTl ^{ dvW²X cU©Yq Gn$
flV @YvanHY @l³` àzUanHY, W²zc]lze_Ul Gn$ f§W]© ^{ zaß_§U`T G$`
fG$Yl&
cT© `LYl G$l @ä_lf…cT© `LYl G$l @ä_lf…cT© `LYl G$l @ä_lf…cT© `LYl G$l @ä_lf…----àË_l§G$Y @ä_lf, @YvanHY @ä_lf, àzUanHY
@ä_lf @l³` zaß_§U`T @ä_lf &
WncYlI`q zazm zdiT G$r UG$YqG$…WncYlI`q zazm zdiT G$r UG$YqG$…WncYlI`q zazm zdiT G$r UG$YqG$…WncYlI`q zazm zdiT G$r UG$YqG$…----
cTl G$r f§`LG$ `nHlD±, f§`LG$ `nHl@l{ G$l @YvmlU,BY f§`LG$ `nHl@l{ G$ln
_VlñVlY Nln‹R=Yl, f§`LG$ `nHl@l{ G$ln Nln‹R=Un gþD cT© G$ln fvR=l³a @lG$l`
WnYl, f§`LG$ `nHl@l{ G$ln HsLUn f^_ BYG$l @l`§] BYG$r IzU, zWdl @l³`
BYG$l @§U&
cTl G$l @YvmlU G«$^
cTl G$l flV©G$ f§_lnNY
anHY @ä_lf…- fvanH ,@lcí_G$ zczdï= fl^I«q @l³` Gv$M= Bml_&
f§W]© I«§V…-
1.mÌlLl` mlQ=çG«$^-G{$Ðq_ pgWq f§ñVlY @lI`l&
2.]lel1 ]lel2 G$r zdiT zczX_l± @l³` mlQ= zY_lnNY-R=l°.aú^qYl`l_T d^l©&
3.pgWq zdiT zfW²Xl§U @l³` àzczX-^Yln`^l Ivál &
4.pgWq zdiT-`l^dG$a ml§R=n_&
5.`LYl flzgË_ M=Q=q G$il-`lÁ_ zdil @l³` àzdiT f§ñVl -}{Iax`&

24
M=Q=cl± @Ü_l_M=Q=cl± @Ü_l_M=Q=cl± @Ü_l_M=Q=cl± @Ü_l_
fUU @l³` ì¶lmG$ ‘xë¶l§G$YfUU @l³` ì¶lmG$ ‘xë¶l§G$YfUU @l³` ì¶lmG$ ‘xë¶l§G$YfUU @l³` ì¶lmG$ ‘xë¶l§G$Y
fUU @l³` ì¶lmG$ ‘xë¶l§G$Y zdil @zXG$l` @zXzY_^-2009 Gn$ @§UI©U
@lUl g³& G$Yl©P=G$ `lÁ_ ^{ 2012-13 d³ziG$ fla fn Afn alIx zG$¶l I¶l g³&
glA©ñGx$al{ ^{ AfG$l à_lnI 2013-14 d³ziG$ fla fn alIx G$`Yn G$l à_lf zG$_l
Nl `gl g³& zcdne Ul³` m` 10cs G$il Gn$ zaD àñUvU fla fn Af ^xë_l§G$Y mW²XzU
G$ln @mYlYn G$l à_lf zG$_l Nl `gl g³& `lï´=q_ mlQ=çL_l© G$r ñ$m`nHl -2005 Gn$
@Yvfl` `lÁ_ mlQ=çmvñUG$ G$l $`LYlclWq UËc Gn$ @Xl` m` zY‘l©T zG$¶l gþ@l g³&
AfGn$ @Yvfl` @zXI^ G$r àIzU G$ln Nl±LYn Gn$ zaD ^xë_l§G$Y G$r àTlaq ]q
}WaYl @lcí_G$ gq Ygs @zYcl_© ]q g³& Afq G$l`T zdil inÌ G$r ^xë_l§G$Y
mW²XzU ^{ Y_n ñ$m @Vl©U² fUU @l³` ì_lmG$ ^xë_l§G$YfUU @l³` ì_lmG$ ^xë_l§G$YfUU @l³` ì_lmG$ ^xë_l§G$YfUU @l³` ì_lmG$ ^xë_l§G$Y mW²XzU Yn G«$l§zUG$l`q S=§I fn
zdil inÌ ^{ àcnd zG$¶l g³&
fUU @l³` ì_lfUU @l³` ì_lfUU @l³` ì_lfUU @l³` ì_lmG$ ^xë_l§G$Y Gn$ BW²Wní_…mG$ ^xë_l§G$Y Gn$ BW²Wní_…mG$ ^xë_l§G$Y Gn$ BW²Wní_…mG$ ^xë_l§G$Y Gn$ BW²Wní_…----
1. }lnXYlË^G$ @l³` ]lcYlË^G$ G$l³dal{ Gn$ zcG$lf ^{ fgl_G$ g¢&
2. G§$Q=ñV Gn$ }Wan @zXI^ àzG«$_l m` }a WnYl&
3. ^xë_l§G$Y G$ln @Ü_lmY-@zXI^ Gn$ @z]Þ @§I }YlYl&
4. zYWlY G$`Yl @l³` BmLl`lË^G$ zdiT Gn$ }lW M=lÌl{ G$r àIzU @l³` zdiT
zczX G$r i^Ul Nl±LYl&

25
fUU @l³` ì_lmG$ ^xë_l§G$Y…fUU @l³` ì_lmG$ ^xë_l§G$Y…fUU @l³` ì_lmG$ ^xë_l§G$Y…fUU @l³` ì_lmG$ ^xë_l§G$Y…----
`lîP´=q_ mlQ=çL_l© G$r ñ$m`nHl-2005 Gn$ @Yvfl` mlQ=çL_l©© ^{ Wln ]nW g¢-
mgal f§jlË^G$ @l³` Wxf`l fgf§jlË^G$ & f§jlË^G$ inÌ Gn$ @§UI©U
]lel,IzTU,zcjlY,@l³` f^lN zcjlY-@lzW @lUn g¢&
fgf§jlË^G$ inÌ Gn$ @§UI©U ì_l_l^ zdil, _lnI, f§IqU, G$al, ^xë_
zdil-@lzW @lUn g¢&
fUU @l³` ì_lmG$ ^xë_l§G$Y G$r àTlaq…fUU @l³` ì_lmG$ ^xë_l§G$Y G$r àTlaq…fUU @l³` ì_lmG$ ^xë_l§G$Y G$r àTlaq…fUU @l³` ì_lmG$ ^xë_l§G$Y G$r àTlaq…----
AfGn$ Wln ñ$m g§³ DG$ `LYlË^G$ (formative) @l³` Wÿf`l _lnIlË^G$
(summative)& `LYlË^G$ @lG$aY fla ^{ Ll` @l³` _lnIlË^G$ @lG$aY Wln }l`
glnUnn g¢& DG$ d³ziG$ fla G$ln Wln fÌl{ ^{ zc]lzNU zG$_l NlUl g³ àV^ fÌ NxY fn
zfU§}` @l³` Wÿf`l fÌ Yc§}` fn ^lL©& àV^ fÌ Gn$ @§UI©U Wln `LYlË‘G$ @lG$aY
^xë_l§G$Y DG$ _lnIlË^G$ @lG$aY, Wÿf`n fÌ ^{ @l³` Wln `LYlË^G$ @lG$aY UVl
DG$ _lnIlË^G$ @lG$aY zG$_l NlUl g³&
`LYlË^G$ @lG$aY…`LYlË^G$ @lG$aY…`LYlË^G$ @lG$aY…`LYlË^G$ @lG$aY…----
Af^{ zYWlYlË^G$ m`qil @l³` BmLl`lË^G$ zdiT_vvº$ g³&_g @l³mLlZ`G$ @l³`
@Yl³mLlZ`G$ WlnYl{ ñ$ml{ ^{ G$il zdiT Gn$ f§W]© ^{ alIx glnUl & f§]cU… `LYlË^G$
@lG$aY AG$lA© m`qil G$l Wÿf`l Yl^ gq g³, m` `LYlË^G$ @lG$aY G$r àTlaq,
AG$lA© m`qil fn z]Þ glnUq g³& Af^{ @lG$aY `LYlclWq UËc Gn$ @XqY ^{ Llax

26
glnUl g³& Af^{ M=lÌl{ G$ln fqHYn - zfHlYn G$ln m_l©á @cf` zW_n NlUn g¢& Affn
M=lÌ @l³` @Ü_lmG$ WlnYl{ G$ln gq Ygs @z]]lcG$ G$ln ]q m¥ð=lmlneT zâUl g³&
@Vl©U² M=lÌl{ G$ln @mYq àIzU G$r NlYG$l`q, @Ü_lmG$ G$ln @mYn zdiT zczX Gn
mZ`Tl^ G$r NlYG$l`q @l³` @z]]lcG$l{ G$ln @mYn }ƒl{ G$r @zXI‘ àIzU G$r
NlYG$l`q zâUq g³ & AfGn$ @§UI©U m‹S=l_n NlYnclan fl`n zce_ @lUn g¢& AfGn$
BmG$`T g¢-^l³zHG$ m`qil, zazHU m`qil, mZ`_lnNYl, àWÎl-G$l_© @lG$aY @lzW&
AG$lA© m`qiT @l³` `LYlË^G$ @lG$aY…AG$lA© m`qiT @l³` `LYlË^G$ @lG$aY…AG$lA© m`qiT @l³` `LYlË^G$ @lG$aY…AG$lA© m`qiT @l³` `LYlË^G$ @lG$aY…----
AY^{ G$lnA© Ig`l @§U` Ygs g³& AG$lA© m`qiT @Ü_lmY Gn$ @§U ^{ dvé glnUl
g³& AG$lA© m`qiT Gn$ca zazHU m`qiT m` @lXlZÙ Vl @l³` }lW ^{ m¥ðlmlneT
zâUl Vl& anzG$Y `LYlË^G$ @lG$aY ^{ zazHU m`qil gq Ygs, ]lel-zdiT Gn$
BW²Wní_l{ G$ln Ü_lY ^{ `HUn gþD zG$fq DG$ BmG$`T(UG$YqG$) (f§clW, LLl©,
clUl©alm,@z]Y_,^l³zaG$ anHY,-@lzW) Gn$ W²cl`l àË_nG$ @czX ^{ @lG$aY
zG$_l NlUl g³& AfGn$ W²cl`l M=lÌl{ G$r @zXI‘ àIzU G$l ñU` Nl±LG$`, àIzU ^{
mqM=n `gYnclan M=lÌl{ G$r @zXI^ G$r f^ñ_lD± @l³` BfGn$ G$l`Tl{ G$ln mgLlYG$` ,
BmLl`lË^G$ zdiT W²cl`l M=lÌl{ Gn @zXI^ ^{ Gv$M= gW UG$ mZ`cU©Y alYn G$l
à_lf zG$_l NlUl g³& AG$lA© m`qil ^{ Gv$M= Af Gn$ @]lc G$l @l]lf glnUl Vl&

27
fÌlYvfl` fUUfÌlYvfl` fUUfÌlYvfl` fUUfÌlYvfl` fUU ^xë_l§G$Y G$l zc]^xë_l§G$Y G$l zc]^xë_l§G$Y G$l zc]^xë_l§G$Y G$l zc]llllNY…NY…NY…NY…----
àV^ fÌ (NxYàV^ fÌ (NxYàV^ fÌ (NxYàV^ fÌ (NxY----zfU§}`)zfU§}`)zfU§}`)zfU§}`)
^xë_l§G$Y àG$l`
^xë_l§G$Y G$l
]l`§lG$/àzUdU
^lf @§G$
`LYlË^G$
^xë_l§G$Y-1
10 NxY-NvalA©
`LYlË^G$
^xë_l§G$Y-2
10 @IñU-zfU§}`
`-1+1
<20
_lnIlË^G$ ^xë_l§G$Y-
1
80 zfU§}` Gn$ @§U _ln-1<80
W²zcUq_ fÌ (Yc§}`W²zcUq_ fÌ (Yc§}`W²zcUq_ fÌ (Yc§}`W²zcUq_ fÌ (Yc§}`----^lL©^lL©^lL©^lL©))))
`LYlË^G$
^xë_l§G$Y-3
10 Yc§}`-zWf§}`
`LYlË^G$
^xë_l§G$Y-4
10 NYc`q-[$`c`q
`-1+1
<20
_lnIlË^G$ ^xë_l§G$Y-
2
80 ^lL© _ln-1<80

28
`LYlË^G$ @l³` ì_lmG$`LYlË^G$ @l³` ì_lmG$`LYlË^G$ @l³` ì_lmG$`LYlË^G$ @l³` ì_lmG$ ^xë_l§G$Y ^{ @§U`^xë_l§G$Y ^{ @§U`^xë_l§G$Y ^{ @§U`^xë_l§G$Y ^{ @§U`----
`LYlË^G$ @lG$aY`LYlË^G$ @lG$aY`LYlË^G$ @lG$aY`LYlË^G$ @lG$aY _lnIlË^G$ @lG$aY_lnIlË^G$ @lG$aY_lnIlË^G$ @lG$aY_lnIlË^G$ @lG$aY
1. fqHYn Gn$ zaD zG$_l NlUl g³&
2. Af ^{ @zXI^ Gn$ f§W]© fvXl`Yn G$r
f§]lcYl glnUq g³, Nln @Ü__Y @l³`
@Ü_lmY Gn$ flV fUU LaUq `gUq
g³&
3. Af^{ fqHYn Gn$ @cf` m` @lYnclaq
f^ñ_l@l{ G$ln mgLlYG$` Bfn Wÿ` G$`Yn
Gn$ zaD BmLl`lË^G$ zdiT zG$_l
NlUl g³&
4. Af^{ ^xë_l§G$Y ^l³zHG$, zazHU,
mZ`_lnNYl, fc,[$lnP=©[$lnza_l{, àWÎl-
G$l_© ,@calnG$Y-@lzW W²cl`l zG$_l
NlUl g³&
1. fqHYn Gn$ }lW zG$_l NlUl
g³&
2. Af^{ fqHYn G$r fvXl` G$r
f§]lcYl glnUq g³& pG$Uv AfG$ln
zcdne f^_ G$r @lcí_G$Ul
glnUq g³&
3. _lnIlË^G$ @lG$aY Gn$ míLlU²
BmLl`lË^G$ zdiT zG$_l
NlUl g³&
4. Af^{ ^xë_l§G$Y zazHU ñ$m
fn zG$_l NlUl g³&
f§W]© I«§V…f§W]© I«§V…f§W]© I«§V…f§W]© I«§V…----
1. zdiT f§Wzd©G$l-`lï´=q_ zdil @Yvf§XlY @l³` àzdiT mZ`eW-YA© zWëaq.

30
àV^ @Ü_l_àV^ @Ü_l_àV^ @Ü_l_àV^ @Ü_l_
pgWqpgWqpgWqpgWq----cëa`qcëa`qcëa`qcëa`q----10 Š_l>10 Š_l>10 Š_l>10 Š_l> Š_l{>Š_l{>Š_l{>Š_l{> G³$fn>G³$fn>G³$fn>G³$fn>
àñUvU pgWq cda`qpgWq cda`qpgWq cda`qpgWq cda`q `lï´=q_ mlQ²=_L_l© ñ$m`nHl-2005 Gn$ @Yvñ$m M=lÌl{ Gn$
fclªIqT zcG$lf gnUv zYz^©U g³& _g mlQ²=_mvñUG$ 2014-15 Gn$ fÌ fn, Wfcs G$il
G$ln m‹S=l_q NlYnclaq g³& Af^{ mlQ=l{ G$l L_Y, anHY Dc§ f§G$aY M=lÌl{ Gn$ }l³W²zXG$
iÛl @l³` ézL Gn$ @Yvfl` zG$_l I_l g³& Affn M=lÌl{ G$ln pLUY Dc§ UlzG©$G$ dzº$
W²cl`l ñGx$aq NqcY Gn$ flV-flV @mYn @lf-mlf Gn$ }lg`q NqcY fn f§}§X Nln‹R=Yn
Gn$ zaD fgl_Ul @cí_ zânIq&
Af mlQ²=_mvñUG$ ^{ àzfW²X flzgË_G$l`l{ G$n `nHlzLÌ, flilËG$l`,
NqcYq,Wlngn,G$glYq,G$zcUl @lzW Gn$ flV-flV M=lÌl{ Gn$ jlY zcñUl` Gn$ zaD
@mzQ=U IW²_l§d, zY}§X, mÌanHY, ì_lG$`T @lzW zcz]Þ zce_l{ G$l L_Y AfzaD
zG$_l g³ I_l zG$ M=lÌ pgWq ]lel @l³` flzgË_ G$r f^¥W²X m`§m`l G$l _oËG¨$zLU²
jlY àlá G$` fG{$&
Af mvñUG$ ^{ zYzgU G$zcUl@l{ ^{ à]lnà]lnà]lnà]ln! G$zcUl W²cl`l M=lÌIT ]IclY G$r
@fq^ ^zg^l G$l jlY mlUn g¢& ^lU¥]xz^^lU¥]xz^^lU¥]xz^^lU¥]xz^ G$zcUl W²cl`l Wndàn^ Gn$ flV-flV
NqcY- f§mWl. HzYN f§mzÎl AË_lzW G$l mZ`L_ àlá G$`Yn Gn$ flV-flV ^Yvî_
NqcY ^{ AYG$r Bm_lnzIUl G$ln ]q fÔ fG$Un g¢& @z]Yc ^Yvî_@z]Yc ^Yvî_@z]Yc ^Yvî_@z]Yc ^Yvî_ G$zcUl W²cl`l
^lYc-^lYc Gn$ }qL Gn$ ñYng UVl ]lA©Ll`l,Affn `lï´= zY^l©T ^{ zG$UYq fgl_Ul
zâUq g³ Affn mZ`zLU glnUn g¢ & Uvafq Gn$ WlnglnUvafq Gn$ WlnglnUvafq Gn$ WlnglnUvafq Gn$ Wlngln§ W²cl`l YnUl Gn$ IvT G³$fn gln>
]alA© }v`lA© G$l zcíaneT G³$fn zG$_l Nl_,@lzW zcLl`l{ fn @cIU glnUn g¢& fx`fx`fx`fx`

31
í_l^í_l^í_l^í_l^ mW W²cl`l }ƒl{ G$r ^Y…oñVzU, }ƒl{ G$r zdG$l_U,]lnanmY, m` ^v½X glnYn Gn$
flV-flV `fñclW G$` anUn g¢&
Af mvñUG$ ^{ zYzgU IW²_ mlQ=l{ ^{ `csÐYlV Q=lGv$` Nq NqcYq`csÐYlV Q=lGv$` Nq NqcYq`csÐYlV Q=lGv$` Nq NqcYq`csÐYlV Q=lGv$` Nq NqcYq W²cl`l Q=lGv$`
Nq G$r flzgoË_G$ flXYl f^lN Gn$ zaD BYG$r BmaZãX @lzW fn NlYG$l`q àlá
G$`{In&]º$l{ Gn$ ]IclY]º$l{ Gn$ ]IclY]º$l{ Gn$ ]IclY]º$l{ Gn$ ]IclY G$glYq W²cl`l àË_nG$ ì_zº$ m` ]IclY G$r @fq^ G¥$ml G³$fq
glnUq g³ > Afn fÔUn g¢& A§P=`YnP= G«$l§zUA§P=`YnP= G«$l§zUA§P=`YnP= G«$l§zUA§P=`YnP= G«$l§zU f§clW W²cl`l NqcY Gn$ g` inÌ ^{ A§P=`YnP= G$r
@lcí_G$Ul, al] @l³` glYq fn fUG©$ glnnUn g¢&zIëaxzIëaxzIëaxzIëax `nHlzLÌ W²cl`l mdvmzi_l{ Gn$
ñc]lc G$ln Ü_lYmxc©G$ WnHYn G$l IvT fqH anUn g¢&
}f§U G$r fƒlA}f§U G$r fƒlA}f§U G$r fƒlA}f§U G$r fƒlA© DG$l§G$r fn ñclz]^lY, fƒlA©,W_l @lzW @ÀM=n IvTl{ G$ln
@mYlUn g¢ & G$Yl©P=G$ f§mWl& G$Yl©P=G$ f§mWl& G$Yl©P=G$ f§mWl& G$Yl©P=G$ f§mWl zY}§X W²cl`l G$Yl©P=G$ Gn$ @UqU @l³` cU©^lY Gn$ zcLl`l{
fn mZ`zLU glnUn g¢&]qî^ flgYq G$r @lË^G$Vl§d]qî^ flgYq G$r @lË^G$Vl§d]qî^ flgYq G$r @lË^G$Vl§d]qî^ flgYq G$r @lË^G$Vl§d fn @lË^ zcíclf }‹S=lYn G$r àn`Tl
mlUn g¢&A©^lYWl`l{ Gn$ få^naY ^{A©^lYWl`l{ Gn$ få^naY ^{A©^lYWl`l{ Gn$ få^naY ^{A©^lYWl`l{ Gn$ få^naY ^{ ì_§½_ `LYl W²cl`l A©^lYWl` G$galYnclan alnIl{ G$r
}nA©^lYq fn fUG©$ `gYn G$r dzº$ glzfa G$Ùn g¢&c¥i àn^q zUå^ŠG$lc¥i àn^q zUå^ŠG$lc¥i àn^q zUå^ŠG$lc¥i àn^q zUå^ŠG$l ì_zº$ mZ`L_
W²cl`l m_l©c`T G$r ìl G$`Yn G$r àn`Tl mlUn g¢&flzgË_ flI` G$l ^lnUq flilËG$l`
W²cl`l L§ÐdnH` G§$}l` Nq G$r flzgoË_G$ flXYl @l³` zfW²zX fn mZ`zLU glnUn g¢&
Af mvñUG$ Gn$ mZ`zdï= ^{ M=lÌl{ Gn jlY G$r c¥W²zX Gn$ zaD @mzQ=U IW²_l§dl{
G$l f^lcnd ]q zG$_l I_l g³& AfGn$ flV-flV zY}§X anHY,zcz]Þ àG$l` Gn$
mÌanHY,ì_lG$`T fn f§}§zXU @YnG$ zce_l{ G$l mZ`L_ G$`lYn G$l à_lf zG$_l I_l
g³&
àË_nG$ mlQ= Gn$ }lW zce_lXlZÙ zcz]Þ àG$l` Gn$ àíY zcXl@l{ Gn$ flV-
flV ]lelä_lf @l³` zG«$_lG$alml{ Gn$ zaD ñVlY zW_l I_l g³&Affn M=lÌl{ G$r
zNjlfl Dc§ G$ëmYl dzº$ }‹S=G$` BYG$r pLUY @l³` UlzG©$G$ dzº$ zYíL_ gq
}‹S=nIq&
pgWq cëa`q mlQ²=_mvñUG$ zcW²_lzV©_l{ ^{ pgWq Gn$ àzU àn^ BËmÞ G$`Gn$ `lï´=
G$r DG$Ul G$r G$R‹=q G$ln ^N}xU }YlYn G$l G$l_© G$Ùq g³&
*****

32
W²zcUq_ @Ü_l_W²zcUq_ @Ü_l_W²zcUq_ @Ü_l_W²zcUq_ @Ü_l_
IW²_ zdiTIW²_ zdiTIW²_ zdiTIW²_ zdiT
mlQ= }lnX Gn$ @l_l^(^lI©Wd©G$/^lI©Wzd©G$l@l{ Gn$ zaD)mlQ= }lnX Gn$ @l_l^(^lI©Wd©G$/^lI©Wzd©G$l@l{ Gn$ zaD)mlQ= }lnX Gn$ @l_l^(^lI©Wd©G$/^lI©Wzd©G$l@l{ Gn$ zaD)mlQ= }lnX Gn$ @l_l^(^lI©Wd©G$/^lI©Wzd©G$l@l{ Gn$ zaD)
mlQ= G$l dmlQ= G$l dmlQ= G$l dmlQ= G$l dqe©G$…qe©G$…qe©G$…qe©G$…----2 `csÐYlV Q=lGv$` (IW²_)2 `csÐYlV Q=lGv$` (IW²_)2 `csÐYlV Q=lGv$` (IW²_)2 `csÐYlV Q=lGv$` (IW²_)
1.1.1.1. flzgoË_G$ zcLl`…flzgoË_G$ zcLl`…flzgoË_G$ zcLl`…flzgoË_G$ zcLl`…----
@. IW²_ G$r ]xz^G$l
@l. IW²_ Gn$ àG$l` ( zcz]Þ ^glY ì_zº$_l{ G$r NqcYq)
2.2.2.2. IW²_ Gn$ à^vH p}Wþ…IW²_ Gn$ à^vH p}Wþ…IW²_ Gn$ à^vH p}Wþ…IW²_ Gn$ à^vH p}Wþ…----
@. `csÐYlV Q=lGv ` G$l }LmY
@l. zdil
A. ^lUl-zmUl
A©. ñc]lc
B. flzgoË_G$ @l³` fl^lzNG$ WnY
C$. mv`ñG$l`
3.3.3.3. ]lzeG$ zcLl`…]lzeG$ zcLl`…]lzeG$ zcLl`…]lzeG$ zcLl`…----
*. ]lel G$l³da…-
1. fvYYl, }lnaYl,m‹S=Yl @l³` zaHYl&
*. ì_lcglZ`G$ ì_lG$`T…-
1. paI
2. cLY
3. àn`TlV©G$ zG«$_l
*. dãW]§R=l`…-
1. Y_n dãWl{ G$l @V©
2. zcéW²XlV©G$ dãW
3. @YnG$ dãWl{ Gn$ zaD DG$ dãW

33
4.4.4.4. NqcY zdiT…NqcY zdiT…NqcY zdiT…NqcY zdiT…----
1. f^lN Gn$ zaD Gv$M= G$` IvN`Yl &
5.5.5.5. ^xë_…^xë_…^xë_…^xë_…----
1. flzgË_ àn^
2. Wndlz]^lY
3. fl^lzNG$ àn^
4. flzgË_G$ àn^
6.6.6.6. mx`G$ flzgË_…mx`G$ flzgË_…mx`G$ flzgË_…mx`G$ flzgË_…----
1. IqUl§Nza G¥$zU
2. `csÐYlVNq G$r NqcYq G$l mZ`L_
3. G$l}vaqclal G$glYq
4. f`,Yln}na mv`ñG$l`,R=q.zaP= BmlzX&
5. zcíc]lÙq, dl§zUzYGn$UY @l³` }lnamv` ñGx$a&
7.7.7.7. fgl_G$ flÎ«q…fgl_G$ flÎ«q…fgl_G$ flÎ«q…fgl_G$ flÎ«q…----
1. `csÐYlVQ=lGv$` Nq G$l zLÌ
2. IqUl§Nza G$l mvñUG$
3. dl§zUzYGn$UY G$l zLÌ
4. Yln}na mv`ñG$l`, f`-mv`ñG$l`l{ G$l zLÌ&
8.8.8.8. Bm_vº$ IzUzczX_l±…Bm_vº$ IzUzczX_l±…Bm_vº$ IzUzczX_l±…Bm_vº$ IzUzczX_l±…----
1. ]leT
2. LLl©
3. @ldv]leT
4. NqcYq (mZ`¶lnNYl)

34
àzàzàzàzUWd© mlQ=_lnNYlUWd© mlQ=_lnNYlUWd© mlQ=_lnNYlUWd© mlQ=_lnNYl
`csÐYlV Q=lGv$` (IW²_)`csÐYlV Q=lGv$` (IW²_)`csÐYlV Q=lGv$` (IW²_)`csÐYlV Q=lGv$` (IW²_)
G$l³daG$l³daG$l³daG$l³da
fgl¶G$fgl¶G$fgl¶G$fgl¶G$
fl‘Iq«fl‘Iq«fl‘Iq«fl‘Iq«
zdiT G$r IzUzczX_l±zdiT G$r IzUzczX_l±zdiT G$r IzUzczX_l±zdiT G$r IzUzczX_l± @lG$aY Gn$ BmG$`T@lG$aY Gn$ BmG$`T@lG$aY Gn$ BmG$`T@lG$aY Gn$ BmG$`T
zWYl§G$zWYl§G$zWYl§G$zWYl§G$
*.M=lÌl{ G$ln Ll` f^xgl{ ^{ }l±P=Yl&
*.àË_nG$ f^xg G$ln NqcYq @lXlZ`U
p}Wþ@l{ G$l DG$-DG$ LlP=© WnYl&
*.g` p}Wþ@l{ G$ln m‹S=Yl @l³` NqcYq mx`l
G$`Yl&
‹‹‹‹mmmmS=YlS=YlS=YlS=Yl----zaHYlzaHYlzaHYlzaHYl----}lnaYl}lnaYl}lnaYl}lnaYl
`nzR=_ln,Wÿ`Wd©YG§$ß_xP=`@l³``nzR=_ln,Wÿ`Wd©YG§$ß_xP=`@l³``nzR=_ln,Wÿ`Wd©YG§$ß_xP=`@l³``nzR=_ln,Wÿ`Wd©YG§$ß_xP=`@l³`
M=lÌM=lÌM=lÌM=lÌ
*.g` f^xg p}Wþ@l{ Gn$ @lXl` m` mx`l G$`Yn
Gn$ }lW àñUvU G$`Yl&
*cñUvzYð= àíY*cñUvzYð= àíY*cñUvzYð= àíY*cñUvzYð= àíY
*aJxÎl` Gn$ àíY*aJxÎl` Gn$ àíY*aJxÎl` Gn$ àíY*aJxÎl` Gn$ àíY
*WqJl|Îl` Gn$ à*WqJl|Îl` Gn$ à*WqJl|Îl` Gn$ à*WqJl|Îl` Gn$ àíYíYíYíY
@ä_lf G$l_© G$r IzUzczX_l±@ä_lf G$l_© G$r IzUzczX_l±@ä_lf G$l_© G$r IzUzczX_l±@ä_lf G$l_© G$r IzUzczX_l±
*. p}Wþ@l{ Gn$ @lXl` m` @YvÀM=nW mx`l
G$`Yl& (p}Wþ@l{ G$l LlP=©)
LlP=©LlP=©LlP=©LlP=©
*. NqcYq @lXlZ`U àíYl{ Gn$ BÎl`
zaHYl& (@ä_lf LlP=©)
*.@calnG$Y*.@calnG$Y*.@calnG$Y*.@calnG$Y
fxLqfxLqfxLqfxLq
@lG$aY G$r IzUzczX_l±@lG$aY G$r IzUzczX_l±@lG$aY G$r IzUzczX_l±@lG$aY G$r IzUzczX_l±
m‹S=Ylm‹S=Ylm‹S=Ylm‹S=Yl----zaHYlzaHYlzaHYlzaHYl
àíYàíYàíYàíY
mzÌG$lmzÌG$lmzÌG$lmzÌG$l
*.zce_lYvfl` àñUvU p}Wþ@l{ Gn$ @lXl` m`
@YvÀM=nW zaHYl&
*.àíYmzÌG$l Gn$ àíYl{ Gn$ zYW|dlYvfl` BÎl`
zaHYl& (`csÐYlV Q=lGv$`)
****Nl±L fxLq/Nl±L fxLq/Nl±L fxLq/Nl±L fxLq/
@§G$UlzaG$l@§G$UlzaG$l@§G$UlzaG$l@§G$UlzaG$l
mZ`_lnNYl G$r IzUzczX_l±mZ`_lnNYl G$r IzUzczX_l±mZ`_lnNYl G$r IzUzczX_l±mZ`_lnNYl G$r IzUzczX_l±
`LYl/`LYl/`LYl/`LYl/
@z]ì_zº$@z]ì_zº$@z]ì_zº$@z]ì_zº$
zce_fxLqzce_fxLqzce_fxLqzce_fxLq
*.zYåYzazHU f§Gn$U p}Wþ@l{ Gn$ @lXl`
m` zG$fq àzfW²X flzgË_G$l` G$l DG$
@YvÀM=nW zazH_n&(NÝ^… zdil-
Wqil,^lUl-zmUl, ézL @l³` fl^zNG$
WnYl &)
**** m³^lYlm³^lYlm³^lYlm³^lYl
@lG$aY@lG$aY@lG$aY@lG$aY

35
mlQ=mlQ=mlQ=mlQ=----2,`csÐYlV= Q=lGv$`2,`csÐYlV= Q=lGv$`2,`csÐYlV= Q=lGv$`2,`csÐYlV= Q=lGv$`
BW²Wní_…BW²Wní_…BW²Wní_…BW²Wní_…----
]lel G$l³dal{ G$l zcG$lf G$`Yl&
`csÐYlV Q=lGv$`Nq G$r NqcYq mZ`L_ WnYl
àzG«$_l…àzG«$_l…àzG«$_l…àzG«$_l…----
^lI©Wd©G$ ^lI©WZd©G$l@l{ G$ln G$il ^{ àcnd G$`Yn Gn$ }lW cgl± BmoñVU
M=lÌl{ G$ln Ll` f^xg ^{ }l±P=Yl glnIl & f^xg G$ln mgLlYYn Gn$ zaD BÝg{ @aI-@aI
Yl^ Wn
^lI©Wd©G$ LvYn gþD mlQ= fn f§}§zXU p}Wþ@l{ G$ln DG$ f^xg G$ln Wn§
àV^ f^xg Gn$ M=lÌ `csÐYlV Q=lGv$` Nq Gn$ NÝ^ UVl zdil fn f§}§zXU
p}Wþ@l{ G$ln DG$-DG$ G$`Gn$ mS={In& @Ý_ M=lÌ BY p}Wþ@l{ G$ln Ü_lY fn fvY{In & Af
f§W]© ^{ ^lI©Wd©G$ / ^lI©WZd©G$l `csÐYlV Q=lGv$`Nq G$l zLÌ Wdl©_{In&
àV^ f^xg Gn$ p}Wþ…àV^ f^xg Gn$ p}Wþ…àV^ f^xg Gn$ p}Wþ…àV^ f^xg Gn$ p}Wþ…----
1. NY-IT-^Y `lï´=IqU Gn$ f¥NYG$Ul© `csÐYlV Q=lGv$` g¢&
2. `csÐYlV Q=lGv$`Nq G$ln fcl|ƒ mv`ñG$l` Ylnn}na mv`ñG$l` fn @a§G¥$U zG$_l I_l g³&
3. `csÐYlV Q=lGv$` Nq G$l NÝ^ 7 ^A© 1861 G$ln gþ@l&
4. ^gze© Wnc{ÐYlV `csÐYlV Q=lGv$`Nq Gn$ zmUl Vn& cn }«g²^f^lN Gn$ }‹R=n YnUl Vn&
5. `csÐYlVNq G$r m‹S=lA© mgan G$l°Ýc{P= ^{ @l³` }lW ^{ J` m` gq gþA©&
6. fÌg ce© G$r @l_v ^{ A§Ia¢R= I_n UVl cgl± _vzYczf©P=q @l°[$ a§WY ^{ àzcï= gln
I_n&
7. Ll³}qf ce© G$r @l_v ^{ zmUl G$l Wlz_Ëc f§]lal @l³` I«lå_ NqcY G$l
@lY§W anYn aIn&
8. NÝ^NlU flzgË_G$l` UVl G$zc glnYn Gn YlUn `lNYqzU G$r @ln` @zXG$
f^_ UG$ @lG$ze©U Ygs `g{&
Bfq U`g Wÿf`n (W²zcUq_) f^xg Gn$ M=lÌ Q=lGv$`Nq G$r flzgoË_G$ flXYl,
mv`ñG$l` fn f§}§zXU @lzW p}Wþ@l{ G$ln m‹S={In& mgan G$r U`g @Ý_ f^xg Gn$ M=lÌ ]q
Ü_lY fn fvY{In& Af f§W]© ^{ ^lI©Wd©G$ Nza_l±clal gË_lG$l§R= G$l zLÌ Wdl©_{In&

36
zÛUq_ f^xg Gn$ p}Wþ…zÛUq_ f^xg Gn$ p}Wþ…zÛUq_ f^xg Gn$ p}Wþ…zÛUq_ f^xg Gn$ p}Wþ…----
1. `csÐYlV Q=lGv$` Yn zcmva flzgË_ G$r `LYl G$r g³&
2. pY}X, YlP=G$,G$zcUlD± @l³` BmÝ_lf zaHn g¢&
3. DG$ knð= zLÌG$l` ]q Vn&
4. 1912 ^{ A§½a¢R= I_n UVl IqUl§Nza G$l @§I«nNq ^{ @YvclW zG$_l&
AfzaD 1913 ^{ Yln}na mv`ñG$l` zâl& Bfq fla BÝg{ f` G$r BmlzX
zâq&
5. 1919 ^{ @^lYcq_ Nza_l±clal }lI gË_lG$l§R= glnYn fn f` G$r BmlzX
Ë_lI Wq&
6. 1921 ^{ }lnamv` Gn$ ñGx$a G$ln zcíc]lÙq Gn$ ñ$m ^{ ì_lmG$ G$` zW_l&
7. alnI BÝg{ IvéWnc G$gUn Vn&
8. Wnd zc]lNY Gn$ zWYl{ ^{ BÝgl{Yn Nln G$zcUlD± zaHs cn @lN ]q Yc_vcG$l{
G$ln ñ[x$zU© àWlY G$Ùq g¢&
Uqf`n f^xg Gn$ M=lÌ Q=lGv$`Nq G$r `LYl@l{ fn f§}§zXU }Yl_n I_n p}Wþ@l{ G$ln
mS=§nIn& Bfq U`g @Ý_ M=lÌ BY p}Wþ@l{ G$ln Ü_lY fn fvY{In @l³` fÔ{In&
U¥Uq_ f^xg Gn$ p}Wþ…U¥Uq_ f^xg Gn$ p}Wþ…U¥Uq_ f^xg Gn$ p}Wþ…U¥Uq_ f^xg Gn$ p}Wþ…----
1. ^glG$zc `cq§ÐYlV Q=lGv$` @lWd©clWq Vn @l³` BYG$r G$ëmYl G$r B‹R=lY C±$Lq
Vq&
2. BYG$r `LYlD±…-
G$lì_G$lì_G$lì_G$lì_ - IqUl§Nza, Y³cnW²_&
G$glYq f§I«gG$glYq f§I«gG$glYq f§I«gG$glYq f§I«g - G$l}xaqclal, fv]l,ivzXU mleT,
YlP=G$YlP=G$YlP=G$YlP=G$ - zLÌl§IWl,R=lG$J`,`lNl&
BmÝ_lfBmÝ_lfBmÝ_lfBmÝ_lf - X` @l³` }lg`, Iln`l, @l±H G$r zG$`zG$`q
3. `csÐNq G$l }§Ial flzgË_ Gn$ flV-flV @§I«nNq flzgË_ ^{ ]q Bƒ ñVlY g³&

37
4. BYG$r G$zcUl@l{ G$l @µYvclW WþzY_l G$r G$A© ]lel@l{ ^{ gln LvG$l g³&
Ll³Vn f^xg Gn$ M=lÌ Q=lGv$`Nq fn ñVlzmU zdil f§ñVl dl§UzYGn$UY
(zcíc]lÙq) fn f§}§zXU z}W§þ mS={In& Bfq U`g @Ý_ f^xg Gn$ M=lÌ Ü_lY fn BY
z}§Wþ@l{ G$ln fvY{In UVl fÔ{In& ^lI©Wd©G$ zcíc]lÙq G$l zLÌ Wdl©_{In&
LUvV© f^xg p}Wþ…LUvV© f^xg p}Wþ…LUvV© f^xg p}Wþ…LUvV© f^xg p}Wþ…----
1. `csÐYlV Yn @lWd© ^gzcW²_la_ HlnaYn G$l zcLl` G$` dl§zUzYGn$UY
G$r ñVlmYl G$r&
2. `csÐNq LlgUn Vn zG$ alnIl{ G$r àzU]l BYG$r @lNqzcG$l G$l flXY
]q }Y{&
3. dl§zUzYGn$UY @lN G$al, f§IqU, Y¥Ë_ @l³` zLÌG$al, Gn$ @Ü__Y Gn$
zaD zcíc]lÙq @lWd© zcíczcW²_la_ Gn$ ñ$m ^{ àzfW²X g³&
Bm_v©º$ àzG«$_l Gn$ míLlU² ^lI©Wd©G$ f^xgl{ G$ln fxzLU G$`{In zG$ BÝg{ zW_n I_n
z}§Wþ@l{ Gn$ @lXl` m` IW²_ ñ$m ^{ zaHn& UËmíLlU² ^lI©Wd©G$ M=lÌl{ Gn$ zaHn gþD
anH N±lL{In UVl anH ^{ Gv$M= IazU_l± gln Uln fvXl`{In&
mlQ= àzG«$_l Gn$ míLlU² ^lI©Wd©G$ M=lÌl{ G$ln mlQ= f§}§zXU àíY mxM={In& cn àíY
cñUvzYð=,aJxÎl` àíY, @l³` WqJl|Îl` Gn$ ñ$m ^{ `g{In&
N³fn…N³fn…N³fn…N³fn…----
1.1.1.1. cñUvzYð=…cñUvzYð=…cñUvzYð=…cñUvzYð=…----
`csÐYlV Q=lG$v` zG$fGn$ àzUzYzX Vn>
`csÐYlV Q=lGv$` Nq Gn$ zmUlNq G$l Yl^ Š_l Vl>
`csÐYlV Q=lGv$`Nq G$l NÝ^ G$} gþ@l>
`csÐYlV Q=lGv$`Nq A§½a¢R= G$} I_n>

38
2.2.2.2. @zY@zY@zY@zY aJxÎlàJxÎlàJxÎlàJxÎl` àíYàíYàíYàíY …………----
`csÐYlVNq Yn f` G$r BmlzX Š_l{ Ë_lI Wq >
`csÐYlV Nq Yn zG$Y-zG$Y zce_l{ m` anH zaHn g¢>
`csÐYlVNq G$r à^vH `LYlD± G$l³Y-G$l³Y fq g¢>
zdil f§}§zXU Q=lGv$`Nq G$l Š_l @ld_ Vl>
3.3.3.3. WqJl|Îl`…WqJl|Îl`…WqJl|Îl`…WqJl|Îl`…----
`csÐYlVNq G$ln G$l³Y-G$l³Y fq BmlzX_l± zâq§>
zdil inÌ ^{ `csÐYlVNq G$q WnY Š_l g³>
@ä_lf…@ä_lf…@ä_lf…@ä_lf…----
àíYlnÎl`q àzG«$_l@l{ Gn$ míLlU² G$il ^{ @ä_lf àzG«$_l glnIq& AfGn$ @§UI©U
g`DG$ M=lÌ f^xg G$ln @aI-@aI U`g Gn$ @ä_lf WnG$` BYfn BÎl` mlYl g³& Af
àzG«$_l ^{ M=lÌl{ fn gþA© IazU_l{ G$ln fvXl`Yl& M=lÌl{ W²cl`l mxT© zG$_n @ä_lf G$ln
M=lÌl{ fn gq m‹S=clYl& Affn M=lÌ @ä_lf zce_ m` Ü_lY Wn§In @l³` Y_n zce_
fqH{In&
BWl…BWl…BWl…BWl…----
àV^ f^xg Gn$ @ä_lfàV^ f^xg Gn$ @ä_lfàV^ f^xg Gn$ @ä_lfàV^ f^xg Gn$ @ä_lf
clŠ_l{ ^{ à_lnI G$rzN_n&clŠ_l{ ^{ à_lnI G$rzN_n&clŠ_l{ ^{ à_lnI G$rzN_n&clŠ_l{ ^{ à_lnI G$rzN_n&
zcíczc»_lU
@l§WlnaY
àzUzYzX
få^lY
G$l³da

39
zYåYzazHU àíYl{ Gn$ zaD Ll`zYåYzazHU àíYl{ Gn$ zaD Ll`zYåYzazHU àíYl{ Gn$ zaD Ll`zYåYzazHU àíYl{ Gn$ zaD Ll`----Ll` }gþzcG$ëmq_ BÎLl` }gþzcG$ëmq_ BÎLl` }gþzcG$ëmq_ BÎLl` }gþzcG$ëmq_ BÎl` zW_n I_n g¢, BY^{ fnl` zW_n I_n g¢, BY^{ fnl` zW_n I_n g¢, BY^{ fnl` zW_n I_n g¢, BY^{ fn
fgq BÎl` LvYG$` zazH_n…fgq BÎl` LvYG$` zazH_n…fgq BÎl` LvYG$` zazH_n…fgq BÎl` LvYG$` zazH_n…----
`csÐYlV Q=lGv$`Nq G$ln Af fcl|ƒ mv`ñG$l` fn @a§G¥$U zG$_l I_l&------
@.f`ñcUq @l.R=l°ŠP=`nP= A.Yln}na mv`ñG$l` A© mW²‘]xeT
`csÐYlV Q=lGv$`Nq Gn mqUlNq G$l Yl^ Vl&--------------------
@.`l^YlV @l.^glze© Wnc{ÐYlV A.flA©YlV A©. YlIYlV
`csÐYlV G$r m‹S=lA© mgan _gl± @l`§] gþA©---------------------
@.ñGx$a @l.G$lÝc{P= A.glA©ñGx$a A©.IvéGv$a
Af ce© G$r @l_v ^{ `csÐYlV Nq A§½a¢R= I_n-------------------
@.fÌg @l.}qf A.Wf A©.}l`g
W²zcUq_ f^xg Gn$ @ä_lfW²zcUq_ f^xg Gn$ @ä_lfW²zcUq_ f^xg Gn$ @ä_lfW²zcUq_ f^xg Gn$ @ä_lf
m_lm_lm_lm_l©_clLq dãW zazH_n…©_clLq dãW zazH_n…©_clLq dãW zazH_n…©_clLq dãW zazH_n…----
@l_v
zcmva
ñ[x$zU©
f§mWl
Il³`c
zYåYzazHU àíYl{ Gn$ zaD Ll`zYåYzazHU àíYl{ Gn$ zaD Ll`zYåYzazHU àíYl{ Gn$ zaD Ll`zYåYzazHU àíYl{ Gn$ zaD Ll`----Ll` }gþzcG$ëmq_Ll` }gþzcG$ëmq_Ll` }gþzcG$ëmq_Ll` }gþzcG$ëmq_ BÎl`BÎl`BÎl`BÎl` zW_nzW_nzW_nzW_n----I_n g¢, BY^{ fnI_n g¢, BY^{ fnI_n g¢, BY^{ fnI_n g¢, BY^{ fn
`csÐYlVNq G$r G$ëmYl G$r B‹R=lY Dnfq Vq--------------------
@.M=lnP=q @l.}‹R=q A.C±$Lq A©.f§Gv$zLU
`csÐYlV Nq G$l }§Ial flzgË_ Gn$ flV-flV Af flzgË_ ^{ ]q Bƒ ñVlY
g³-------------------------------------------

40
@.@§I«nNq @l.}§Ial A.^`lQ=q A©.G$ÞR=
`csÐYlVNq G$l _g DG$ G$glYq f§I«g g³-------------------
@.I}Y @l.flGn$U A.G$l}vaqclal A©.B‹R=lY
]l`U Gn$ alnI `csÐYlV Nq G$ln G$gUn g¢----------------------
@.@lLl_© @l.]IcU A.zdî_ A©.IvéWnc
U¥Uq_ f^xg Gn$ @ä_lf…U¥Uq_ f^xg Gn$ @ä_lf…U¥Uq_ f^xg Gn$ @ä_lf…U¥Uq_ f^xg Gn$ @ä_lf…----
@Ý_cLY ñ$m zazH_n…@Ý_cLY ñ$m zazH_n…@Ý_cLY ñ$m zazH_n…@Ý_cLY ñ$m zazH_n…----
mZ`cl`
_lnNYl
G$alD±
BmlzX
B‹R=lY
zYåYzazHU àíYl{ Gn$ zaD Ll`zYåYzazHU àíYl{ Gn$ zaD Ll`zYåYzazHU àíYl{ Gn$ zaD Ll`zYåYzazHU àíYl{ Gn$ zaD Ll`----Ll` }gþzcG$ëmq_ zW_nLl` }gþzcG$ëmq_ zW_nLl` }gþzcG$ëmq_ zW_nLl` }gþzcG$ëmq_ zW_n----I_n g¢, BY^{ fnI_n g¢, BY^{ fnI_n g¢, BY^{ fnI_n g¢, BY^{ fn
`csÐYlV Af flzgË_ G$ln @Ë_zXG$ f^¥W²X }Yl_l g³-------------==
@.G$ÞR= @l.}§Ial A.BWÿ© A©.@§I«nNq
`csÐYlV DG$ knð= ----------------------------- ]q Vn&
@.Il_G$ @l.c³jlzYG$ A.zLÌG$l` A©.zG$flY
`csÐYlV Af G$lì_ f§I«g G$ln$ @§I«nNq ‘{ @YvclW zG$_l------------&=
@.IqUl§Nza @l.mU§Naq A.flGn$U A©.zY}§X
Q=lGv$`Nq Nza_l±clal}lI gË_lG$l§R= fn Af BmlzX G$ln Ë_lI Wq--------&
@. jlYmqQ= @l.f` A.Yln}na A©.mW²]xeT

41
LUvV© f^xg Gn$ @ä_lf…LUvV© f^xg Gn$ @ä_lf…LUvV© f^xg Gn$ @ä_lf…LUvV© f^xg Gn$ @ä_lf…----
clŠ_l§d Gn$ zaD DG$ dãW zazH_n…clŠ_l§d Gn$ zaD DG$ dãW zazH_n…clŠ_l§d Gn$ zaD DG$ dãW zazH_n…clŠ_l§d Gn$ zaD DG$ dãW zazH_n…----
anH zaHYnclal--------------------
BmÝ_lf zaHYnclal------------------
zdG$l` G$`Ynclal--------------------
G$m‹R=n XlnYnclal---------------------
G$mR=n }vYYnclal---------------------
zYåYzazHU àíYl{ Gn$ zaD Ll`zYåYzazHU àíYl{ Gn$ zaD Ll`zYåYzazHU àíYl{ Gn$ zaD Ll`zYåYzazHU àíYl{ Gn$ zaD Ll`----Ll` }gþzcG$ëmq_Ll` }gþzcG$ëmq_Ll` }gþzcG$ëmq_Ll` }gþzcG$ëmq_ BÎl`BÎl`BÎl`BÎl` zW_nzW_nzW_nzW_n----I_n g¢, BY^{I_n g¢, BY^{I_n g¢, BY^{I_n g¢, BY^{
fn fgq BÎl` LvYG$` zazH_n…fn fgq BÎl` LvYG$` zazH_n…fn fgq BÎl` LvYG$` zazH_n…fn fgq BÎl` LvYG$` zazH_n…----
_gl± Q=lGv$`Nq Yn ñGx$a G$r ñVlmYq G$r---------
@.}lnamv` @l.}n§Iax` A.^Ðlf A©.G$aG$Îll
Q=lGv$` Nq W²cl`l ñVlzmU ñGx$a G$l Yl^ g³-------
@.pG$R=ÌlR=©Y @l.@l°Šf[$R=© A.dl§zUzYGn$UY A©.f{P=Nlnfn[$P=
dl§zUzYGn$UY @lIn LaG$` zcíc]lÙq Yl^ fn }Yl---------
@.G$l°anN @l.ñGx$a A.@l°z[$f A©.zcíc]lÙq
Bm_v©º$ zczc`T Gn$ @Yvfl` G$il ^{ M=lÌl{ Gn$ W²cl`l fvYYl, }lnaYl, m‹S=Yl
@l³` zaHYl-AY @§dln m` mlQ== àzG«$_l LaUq g³& AfGn$ míLlU² ^lI©Wd©G$ Gn$ W²cl`l
M=lÌl{ G$ln mZ`_lnNYl Wq NlUq g³&
* ]lÙ`ËY UVl Yln}na mv`ñG$l` àlá ]lÙq_ ^Yqze_l{ Gn$ zLÌ AG$P²=Q=l
G$rzND @l³` BYGn$ f§}§X ^{ ml±L-ml±L clŠ_ zazH_n& mZ`_lnNYl ^{ BYG$l
NÝ^, zdil-Wqil,^lUl-zmUl,@l³` fl^lzNG$ WnY gln& Gv$a zâlG$`
mZ`_lnNYl Gn$ zaD 10 @§G$ gln&
mZ`¶lnNYl G$l¶l| G$ln fgmlQ=q¶l{ fn ‘xë¶l§G$Y G$`l¶l NlD &
*****

42
U¥Uq_ @Ü_l_U¥Uq_ @Ü_l_U¥Uq_ @Ü_l_U¥Uq_ @Ü_l_
G$zcG$zcG$zcG$zcUUUUllll zdiTzdiTzdiTzdiT
mlQ= }lnX Gn$ @l_l^(^lI©Wd©G$/^lI©Wzd©G$l@l{ Gn$ zaD)mlQ= }lnX Gn$ @l_l^(^lI©Wd©G$/^lI©Wzd©G$l@l{ Gn$ zaD)mlQ= }lnX Gn$ @l_l^(^lI©Wd©G$/^lI©Wzd©G$l@l{ Gn$ zaD)mlQ= }lnX Gn$ @l_l^(^lI©Wd©G$/^lI©Wzd©G$l@l{ Gn$ zaD)
mlQ= G$l dqe©G$…mlQ= G$l dqe©G$…mlQ= G$l dqe©G$…mlQ= G$l dqe©G$…----1111 à]ln!à]ln!à]ln!à]ln!
1.1.1.1. flzgoË_G$ zcLl`…flzgoË_G$ zcLl`…flzgoË_G$ zcLl`…flzgoË_G$ zcLl`…----
@.mW²_ G$r ]xz^G$l
@l.mÚl§dl{ G$l @Ü__Y( ‘³zVaqd`TIvá, gZ`@l³X, zWYG$`)
A. N¶d§G$`àflW G$l NqcY mZ`L_
2.2.2.2. mW²_ Gn$ à^vH p}Wþ…mW²_ Gn$ à^vH p}Wþ…mW²_ Gn$ à^vH p}Wþ…mW²_ Gn$ à^vH p}Wþ…----
@. ]IclY G$l @oñUËc
@l. ]IclY G$l ñcñ$m
A. ]IclY G$r aqal
A©. àG¥$zU ‘{ ]IclY Gn$ Wd©Y
B. ]IclY G$r ‘zg‘l &
3.3.3.3. ]lzeG$ zcLl`…]lzeG$ zcLl`…]lzeG$ zcLl`…]lzeG$ zcLl`…----
*. ]lel G$l³da…-
1. fvYYl, }lnaYl,m‹S=Yl @l³` zaHYl&
*. ì_lcglZ`G$ ì_lG$`T…-
1. M=§Wl{ G$r `LYl G$r NlYG$l`q
*. dãW]§R=l`…-
1. Y_n dãWl{ G$l @V©

43
5.5.5.5. mx`G$ flzgË_…mx`G$ flzgË_…mx`G$ flzgË_…mx`G$ flzgË_…----
1. G$lYY-Gv$fv^
2. @Ý_ àlV©Yl IqU
3. N_§d§G$` àflW Nq G$r NqcYq
6.6.6.6. fgl_G$ flÎ«q…fgl_G$ flÎ«q…fgl_G$ flÎ«q…fgl_G$ flÎ«q…----
1. àflW Nq G$l ]lczLÌ
2. àíY UlzaG$l
3. G$zcUl fn f§}§zXU @Ý_ LlP=©&
7.7.7.7. Bm_vº$ @Ý_ IzUzczX_l±…Bm_vº$ @Ý_ IzUzczX_l±…Bm_vº$ @Ý_ IzUzczX_l±…Bm_vº$ @Ý_ IzUzczX_l±…----
1. mW²_ Il_Y
2. fl`l§d zaHYl
3. ]lclV© zaHYl

44
àzUWd© mlQ=_lnNYlàzUWd© mlQ=_lnNYlàzUWd© mlQ=_lnNYlàzUWd© mlQ=_lnNYl
mlQ=mlQ=mlQ=mlQ=----1 à]ln1 à]ln1 à]ln1 à]ln----(mW²_)(mW²_)(mW²_)(mW²_)
IzUzczX_l±IzUzczX_l±IzUzczX_l±IzUzczX_l±
G$l³daG$l³daG$l³daG$l³da
fgl_G$fgl_G$fgl_G$fgl_G$
flÎ«qflÎ«qflÎ«qflÎ«q
zdiT G$r IzUzczX_l±zdiT G$r IzUzczX_l±zdiT G$r IzUzczX_l±zdiT G$r IzUzczX_l±
@lG$aY Gn$@lG$aY Gn$@lG$aY Gn$@lG$aY Gn$
BmG$`TBmG$`TBmG$`TBmG$`T
zWYl§G$zWYl§G$zWYl§G$zWYl§G$
*.M=lÌl{ G$ln UqY f^xgl{ ^{ }l±P=Yl&
*.mgal f^xg G$ln mgal M=§W @l³` }gþzcG$ëmq_
àíY_vU LlP=© WnYl&
*.Wÿf`n f^xg G$ln mgan WlnYl{ M=§Wl{ Gn$ flV @zU aJxÎl`
Gn$ àíY_vU LlP=© WnYl&
*.Uqf`n f^xg G$ln UqYl{ M=§W @l³` aJxÎl` Gn$ àíY_vU LlP=©
WnYl&
fvYYlfvYYlfvYYlfvYYl----}lnaYl}lnaYl}lnaYl}lnaYl
`nzR=_ln,Wÿ`Wd©YG§$ß_xP=`@l³`M=lÌ`nzR=_ln,Wÿ`Wd©YG§$ß_xP=`@l³`M=lÌ`nzR=_ln,Wÿ`Wd©YG§$ß_xP=`@l³`M=lÌ`nzR=_ln,Wÿ`Wd©YG§$ß_xP=`@l³`M=lÌ
*.mW²_ fvYYn Gn$ }lW àË_nG$ f^xg fn @mYn LlP=© m`
zazHU @§dl{ G$ln Ü_lYmxc©G$ m‹S=Yl @l³` @lmf ^{
LLl© G$`Yn Gn$ }lW @mYn f^xg Gn$ àíYl§n Gn$ BÎl`
WnYl&
**** cñUvzYð=cñUvzYð=cñUvzYð=cñUvzYð=
**** aJxÎl` Gn$aJxÎl` Gn$aJxÎl` Gn$aJxÎl` Gn$
**** WqJl|Îl` Gn$WqJl|Îl` Gn$WqJl|Îl` Gn$WqJl|Îl` Gn$
@ä_lf G$l_© G$r IzUzczX_l±@ä_lf G$l_© G$r IzUzczX_l±@ä_lf G$l_© G$r IzUzczX_l±@ä_lf G$l_© G$r IzUzczX_l±
*@µÝ_ àlV©YlIqUl{ G$l clLY G$`Yl BfGn$ àíYl{ Gn$
BÎl` zaHYl&
*à]lnà]lnà]lnà]ln mW_ G$l ]lclV© @l³` fl`l§d zaHYl &
*à]lnà]lnà]lnà]ln mW_ Gn$ àíYl{ Gn$ BÎl` zaHYl&
****@calnG$Y@calnG$Y@calnG$Y@calnG$Y
fxLqfxLqfxLqfxLq
LlP=©LlP=©LlP=©LlP=©
@lG$aY@lG$aY@lG$aY@lG$aY----1(UG$YqG$)1(UG$YqG$)1(UG$YqG$)1(UG$YqG$)
m‹S=Ylm‹S=Ylm‹S=Ylm‹S=Yl----zaHYlzaHYlzaHYlzaHYl
àíYmzÌG$làíYmzÌG$làíYmzÌG$làíYmzÌG$l
*@mzQ=U àlV©YlIqUl{ G$ln m‹S==Yl @l³` BfGn YqLn Gn$$
àíYl{ Gn$ BÎl` zaHYl&
*mW²_ G$l clLY G$`Yl , àíYl{ Gn$ BÎl`, ]lclV© @l³`
fl`l§d zaHYl&
****Nl±L fxLq/Nl±L fxLq/Nl±L fxLq/Nl±L fxLq/
@§G$UlzaG@§G$UlzaG@§G$UlzaG@§G$UlzaG
$l$l$l$l
`LYl/`LYl/`LYl/`LYl/
@z]ì_zº$@z]ì_zº$@z]ì_zº$@z]ì_zº$
zce_zce_zce_zce_----fxLqfxLqfxLqfxLq
mZ`_lnNYlmZ`_lnNYlmZ`_lnNYlmZ`_lnNYl----1(UG$YqG$)1(UG$YqG$)1(UG$YqG$)1(UG$YqG$)
*àlV©Yl IqUl{ G$l f§I«g G$`Yl @l³` G$il ^{ àñUvU G$`Yl&
*.àlV©Yl IqUl{ G$l IlYn Gn$ f§W]l G$r UlzaG$l }YlYl&
* m³^lYl* m³^lYl* m³^lYl* m³^lYl
@lG$aY@lG$aY@lG$aY@lG$aY

45
^lYc G$ln m`^lY§W mgþ±LlYnclaq flzgË_ G$r zcXl@l{ ^{ G$zcUl DG$ g³ zNf
fn zWì_ @lY§W G$r @Yv]xzU glnUq g³&
^lYcq_ NqcY G$ln `^Tq_ }YlYn Gn$ zaD Nln @YnG$ azaU G$alD± g¢, BY^{
fn G$lì_ G$al à^vH ñVlY `HUq g³&
]lel ^{ zNf àG$l` IW²_ G$l ^gËc g³, Bfq àG$l` G$zcUl G$l ]q ^ôËc g³,
zNffn Wndàn^ , @§U`l©îP²=q_ fW²]lc,àn^, W_l,fglYv]xzU @lzW IvT zcG$zfU glnUn
g¢& G$zcUl fn M=lÌl{ G$l LZ`Ì zY^l©T ]q glnUl g³& AfzaD mlQ²=_L_l© ^{ ]q BfG$l
à^vH ñVlY g³&
G$zcUl zdiT Gn$ BW²Wní_…G$zcUl zdiT Gn$ BW²Wní_…G$zcUl zdiT Gn$ BW²Wní_…G$zcUl zdiT Gn$ BW²Wní_…----
* ]lel Gn$ à^vH Ll` G$l³dal{ G$l zcG$lf G$`Yl&
* G$ëmYl dzº$ G$l zcG$lf G$`Yl&
* f¥NYlË^G$ dzº$ zcG$lf G$`Yl&
* G$zc G$r @Yv]xzU_l±,]lc,@lWdl UVl G$ëmYl G$ln M=lÌl{ UG$ mgþ±LlYl&
G$zcUl Gn$ fG$zcUl Gn$ fG$zcUl Gn$ fG$zcUl Gn$ f[[[[$a zdiT Gn$ zaD @YnG$ àTlza_l± àLzaU g¢& BY^{ à^vH g¢…$a zdiT Gn$ zaD @YnG$ àTlza_l± àLzaU g¢& BY^{ à^vH g¢…$a zdiT Gn$ zaD @YnG$ àTlza_l± àLzaU g¢& BY^{ à^vH g¢…$a zdiT Gn$ zaD @YnG$ àTlza_l± àLzaU g¢& BY^{ à^vH g¢…----
1. IqUàTlaq
2. @z]Y_ àTlaq
3. @V©-}lnX àTlaq
4. ì_l»_l àTlaq
5. H§R=lÝc_ àTlaq

46
@lN `lï´=q_ mlQ²=_L_l© 2005 Gn$ @lXl` m` zdiT G$r IzUzczX_l{ ^{
^ôËcmxT© }Walc @l_n g¢& AY }Walcl{ Gn$ @Yvfl` G$zcUl G$ln m‹S=lUn f^_ M=lÌl{
G$ln fNI }YlYn gnUv zdiG$ G$ln zYåYl§zG$U }lUl{ m` Ü_lY WnYl @lcí_ g¢&
G$zc Gn$ @ld_ Gn$ }l`n ^{ M=lÌ zcLl` G$`Gn$ @l³` f^xg ^{ LLl© G$`Yl&
@Ý_ G$zcUl@l{ Gn$ ]lclV© @l³` fl`l§d zaHlYl&
G$zcUl Gn$ }l`n ^{ NlYG$l`q àlá G$`lYl&
`flYv]xzU G$l zcG$lf glnYn Gn$ flV-flV G$ëmYldzº$ ]q zcG$lf G$`lYl&
]lzeG$ zcLl`l{ Gn$ }l`n ^{ ]q M=lÌ jlY àlá G$`Yl( ì_lG$`Tl§d G$l mZ`L_,
Y_n dãWl{ G$l @V© I«gT G$`Yl @lzW)
G$zcUl Gn$ ^xë_ G$ln f^OG$` @mYlYl&
mlQ=mlQ=mlQ=mlQ=----1 à]ln ! (G$zcUl )1 à]ln ! (G$zcUl )1 à]ln ! (G$zcUl )1 à]ln ! (G$zcUl )
*. ]lel G$l³dal{ G$ln zcG$zfU G$`Yl&
*. ]lzeG$ zcLl`l{ Gn$ }l`n ^{ NlYG$l`q àlá G$`Yl&
(M=lÌl{ G$ln UqY f^xgl{ ^{ }l±P=Yl @l³` G$A© àlV©Yl IqUl{ G$ln fvYlYl)
1. g` Wnd ^{ Ux, g` cne ^{ Ux,
Un`n Yl^ @YnG$ Ux DG$ gq g³&
2. AUYq dzº$ g^{ WnYl WlUl
^Y G$l zcíclf G$^µNln` gln Yl&
3. XÝ_clW à]ln XÝ_clW(2)

47
`LYlD±`LYlD±`LYlD±`LYlD±
NqcY z^al g³ UvO fn à]ln
Un`q G¥$ml fn g^{&
( M=lÌ dãWlnƒl`T, @l`lng-@c`lng, a_-@lzW m` Ü_lY `HG$` M=lÌ Ü_lYmxc©G$
fvY{In (g` DG$ f^xg fn) @Ý_ DG$ àlV©Yl IqU fvYlA_n&
àzG«$_làzG«$_làzG«$_làzG«$_l----1 (fvYYl1 (fvYYl1 (fvYYl1 (fvYYl----}lnaYl)}lnaYl)}lnaYl)}lnaYl)
N_d§G$`àflW Nq Gn$ }l`n ^{ NlYG$l`q àlá G$`Yl&
1. NÝ^
2. mZ`cl`
3. `LYlD±
(LlP=© Gn$ W²cl`l àflW Nq Gn$ NqcY Dc§ flzgË_ f§}§Xq zcLl`l{ fn @cIU G(LlP=© Gn$ W²cl`l àflW Nq Gn$ NqcY Dc§ flzgË_ f§}§Xq zcLl`l{ fn @cIU G(LlP=© Gn$ W²cl`l àflW Nq Gn$ NqcY Dc§ flzgË_ f§}§Xq zcLl`l{ fn @cIU G(LlP=© Gn$ W²cl`l àflW Nq Gn$ NqcY Dc§ flzgË_ f§}§Xq zcLl`l{ fn @cIU G$`lYl)$`lYl)$`lYl)$`lYl)
mZ`cl`mZ`cl`mZ`cl`mZ`cl`

48
àzG«$_làzG«$_làzG«$_làzG«$_l----2 (fvYYl2 (fvYYl2 (fvYYl2 (fvYYl----}lnaYl)}lnaYl)}lnaYl)}lnaYl)
*. M=lÌ G$ln ñc`, ]lc, `lI Ula, a_ fn G$zcUl mlQ= G$`Yn Gn$ zaD f^V©
}YlYl&
*. `flYv]xzU G$r c¥W²zX G$`Yl&
(zdiG$ fc©àV^ f§mxT© G$zcUl G$l dvW²X,ñmï= a_lYvfl`,]lclYvGx$a fñc` clLY
@lWd© àñUvU G$`n§In&)
M=lÌ G$zcUl mlQ= fvYG$` ]lc I«gT G$`Yn G$l à_lf G$`{In&
à]ln ! G$zcUl ^{ zG$f G$l cT©Y gþ@l g³&
à]v G$q @Y§U ^l_l NIU G$ln G$l³Y zWHl `gl g³>
U`§I^lalD± Š_l Il `gq g³>
àzG«$_làzG«$_làzG«$_làzG«$_l----3(m‹S=Yl3(m‹S=Yl3(m‹S=Yl3(m‹S=Yl----zaHYl)zaHYl)zaHYl)zaHYl)
*. G$zcUl Gn$ ]lclV© G$ln f^OlYl&
*. ]IclY G$r aqal G$ln f^OlYl&
(mgan f^xg G$ln G$zcUl @l³` }gþzcG$ëmq_ àíY_vº$ LlP=© WnYl @l³` ]lclV© zaHYn
Gn$ zaD }UlYl)
1. ]IclY G$r ^l_l NIU G$ln-------zWHl `gq g³&
@.aqal @l @ldl A. mV A© ^zg^l
2. U`§I^lalD±----------G$l `lI Il `gq g¢&
@.G¥$ml @l.W_l A.àd§fl A©. àn^
3. N_d§G$` àflW Nq G$l NÝ^ fY²------^{ gþ@l&

49
@.1886 @l.1853 A.1889 A©. 1887
4. àflW Nq G$l mgal G$lì_ f§I«g ------g³&
@.O`Yl @l. G$lYY Gv$fv^ A. G§$G$la A©. G$l^l_Yq
(Wÿf`n f^xg G$ln G$zcUl @l³` aJxÎl` Gn$ àíY_vº$ LlP=© WnYl @l³` ]lclV© zaHYn Gn$
zaD }UlYl)
1. zc^a A§Wv zG$f G$l àUqG$ g³>
2. à]v G$r W_l fn Š_l mxT© glnUl g³>
3. àflW Nq Gn$ zmUl G$l³Y Vn>
4. àflW Nq G$r à^vH `LYlD± G$l³Y-G$l³Y fq g¢>
5. W_lzYzX G$l³Y g³>
(Uqf`n f^xg G$ln Nln‹R=G$` zaHYn G$l LlP=© WnYl)
1. G$lYY-Gv$fv^ NIU G$ln aqal zWHl `gq g³&
2. ^Yln`V _gq Uln @ldl zWal `gq g³&
3. @lYlzW Un`q @Y§U ^l_l @z]alel
4. f]q _n G$gUn mvG$l` G$`Gn$ mgal G$lì_-f§I«g
@ä_lf G$l_©…@ä_lf G$l_©…@ä_lf G$l_©…@ä_lf G$l_©…----

50
àzG«$_làzG«$_làzG«$_làzG«$_l----4 (m‹S=Yl4 (m‹S=Yl4 (m‹S=Yl4 (m‹S=Yl----zaHYl)zaHYl)zaHYl)zaHYl)
*. fñc` clLY G$l³da G$l zcG$lf G$`lYl&
*. ]lzeG$ G$l³da G$l zcG$lf G$`lYl&
*. zcz]Þ f§W]l W²cl`l G$zcUl Gn$ ^xa @ld_ G$ln àlá G$`lYl&
(M=lÌl{ G$ln G$zcUl clLY G$`Yn G$l zYW|d WnYl& @dvW²X Bƒl`T G$ln Q=qG$ G$`lYl)
f^xg-1 - à]x G$r W_l G$ln @mYn clŠ_l{ ^{ cT©Y G$`Yl&
@lG$aY p}Wv@lG$aY p}Wv@lG$aY p}Wv@lG$aY p}Wv
zce_ cT©Y G$r iÛl zce_ jlY dãW à_lnI Gv$a
@§G$ 2 2 1 5
f^xgf^xgf^xgf^xg----2222 ---- à]v G$r Wdl G$ln Wdl©Ynclan f§IzU_l{ G$ln zLÌ Gn$ W²cl`l àñUvU G$`Ylà]v G$r Wdl G$ln Wdl©Ynclan f§IzU_l{ G$ln zLÌ Gn$ W²cl`l àñUvU G$`Ylà]v G$r Wdl G$ln Wdl©Ynclan f§IzU_l{ G$ln zLÌ Gn$ W²cl`l àñUvU G$`Ylà]v G$r Wdl G$ln Wdl©Ynclan f§IzU_l{ G$ln zLÌ Gn$ W²cl`l àñUvU G$`Yl
@lG$aY p}Wþ…@lG$aY p}Wþ…@lG$aY p}Wþ…@lG$aY p}Wþ…----
zce_
zLÌ zaHYn G$r
iÛl
zce_
àñUvUqG$`T
cT©Y G$`Yn G$r
iÛl
Gv$a
@§G$ 2 2 1 5
f^xg-3 - G$zcUl ^{ @l_n gþD Y_n dãWl{ G$ln @mYn clŠ_l{ ^{ à_lnI G$`Yl&
zce_ dãW L_Y @V©I«gT ]lel à_lnI Gv$a
@§G$ 2 1 2 5
mZ`_lnNYl…mZ`_lnNYl…mZ`_lnNYl…mZ`_lnNYl…----
1. àlV©Yl IqUl{ G$l f§I«g G$`Yl @l³` G$il ^{ fvYlYl&
2. àlV©Yl IqU IlYn Gn$ f§W]l G$r UlzaG$l }YlYl&
3. fx`Wlf- mW ^{ @z]ì_º$ à]v G$r W_l G$l @§G$Y G$`Yl&

51
LUvV©LUvV©LUvV©LUvV©----@Ü_l_@Ü_l_@Ü_l_@Ü_l_
ì_lG$ì_lG$ì_lG$ì_lG$`T zdiT`T zdiT`T zdiT`T zdiT
]lel zdiT, z}Yl ì_lG$`T zdiT Gn$ @mxT© ^lYl NlUl g³& ì_lG$`T
^xaU… ]lel G$l dlfG$ glnUl g³& ì_lG$`zTG$ zY_^l{ G$l @YvmlaY Y G$`Yn fn ]lel
@dvW²X }Y NlUq g³& Af f§W]© ^{ m§zR=U fqUl`l^ LUvc|Wq G$r }lU{ jlUì_ g§³-_zW_zW_zW_zW
]lel G$ln `V @l³` ]lc G$ln `Vq]lel G$ln `V @l³` ]lc G$ln `Vq]lel G$ln `V @l³` ]lc G$ln `Vq]lel G$ln `V @l³` ]lc G$ln `Vq ^lY a{ Uln ì_lG$`T G$ln fl`Vq ^lY fG$Un g^lY a{ Uln ì_lG$`T G$ln fl`Vq ^lY fG$Un g^lY a{ Uln ì_lG$`T G$ln fl`Vq ^lY fG$Un g^lY a{ Uln ì_lG$`T G$ln fl`Vq ^lY fG$Un g¢, Lx±zG$
ì_lG$`T gq ]lel ñ$mq `V G$ln fgq ^lI© m` Af àG$l` LalUl g³ zG$ ]lc fàUl
fn @mYn I§Uì_ ñVlY m` mgþ±L NlUn g¢& AfG$l clñUzcG$ @V© g³ zG$ ì_lG$`T
zdiT, ]lel zdiT G$l @z]Þ @§I g³& ]lel G$ln dvW²X ñ$m WnYn G$l G$l^ ì_lG$`T
m` gq zY]©` g³&
ì_lG$`T clñUc ^{ dlñÌ Gn$ }`l}` g³, zNfG$r fgl_Ul fn g^ ]lel Gn$
dvW²X ñ$m G$l jlY àlá G$Ùn g¢& ì_lG$`T dãW zc( zcdne ñ$m fn ) + (mx`q U`g)
G$`T (ì_l»_lY G$`Yl) fn zYîmÞ g³& AfG$l @V© g³ zG$ ]za-]l±zU NlYG$l`q&
ì_lG$`T cg dló g³ Nln zG$fq ]lel G$ln dvW²X ñ$m fn }lnaYl,
fÔYl,zaHYl @l³` m‹S=Yl zfHlUl g³&
ì_lG$`T @mYn @lm ^{ aú_ Ygs g³& _g ]lel G$ln fqHYn @l³` zcdneG$`
fgq ñ$m fn }lnaYn @l³` zaHYn ^{ fgl_Ul G$Ùl g³&
ì_lG$`T m‹S=lUn f^_ @Ü_lmG$ G$ln ì_lG$`T Gn$ ^xa]xU zfW²Xl§U @cí_
ñmï= glnYn LlzgD& Bfn ]lel Gn$ àLzaU @l³` fgq à_lnIl{ G$l jlY ]q glnYl LlzgD&
BfG$l BW²Wní_ M=lÌl{ G$ln ì_lG$`T fåÛ ]lel Gn$ ì_lcglZ`G$ à_lnI ^{ fi^ }YlYl

52
g³& AfGn$ zaD ì_lG$`zTG$ dãWlcaq BUYl gq m‹S=l_q Nl_n& zNUYl zG$ M=lÌl{ Gn$
G$il-ñU` Gn$ @YvGx$a gln& à_lnIl{ W²cl`l gq ì_lG$`zTG$ dãWlcaq fn mZ`zLU
G$`lYl @mnziU glnIl&
àlLqYG$la ^n§, g^l`n Wnd ^{ ì_lG$`T zdil G$ln zcdne ^gËc zW_l NlUl
Vl& g` M=lÌ G$ln ì_lG$`T zdil mlYl @zYcl_© ^lYl NlUl Vl& ì_lG$`T Gn$ jlUl
G$ln m§zR=U G$gl NlUl Vl &mlzTzY mU§NzamlzTzY mU§NzamlzTzY mU§NzamlzTzY mU§Nza -@lzW AfGn$ @lXl` Vn,AfzaD @lN ]q
cn ì_lG$`T @zXð=lUl G$galUn g¢& clñUc ^{ zG$fq ]q ]lel m` à]vËc mlYn Gn$ zaD
BfGn$ ì_lG$`T G$r fgq NlYG$l`q @zU @lcí_G$ g³&
ì_lG$`T zdiT G$r @lcí_G$Ul…ì_lG$`T zdiT G$r @lcí_G$Ul…ì_lG$`T zdiT G$r @lcí_G$Ul…ì_lG$`T zdiT G$r @lcí_G$Ul…----
]lel flÜ_ g³ Uln ì_lG$`T flXY g³& ]lel G$l fgq jlY mlYn Gn$ zaD
zcz]Þ flXYl{ G$l à_lnI zG$_l NlUl g³,BY^{ fn ì_lG$`T ]q DG$ g³& Af }lU G$ln
Ü_lY ^{ `HUn gþD ì_lG$`T zdiT G$ln @zXG$ }a WnYl @l³` BfGn$ zY_^l{ G$ln
mxT©ñ$m fn Bmnil G$`Yl WlnYl{ fgq Ygs g³&
ì_lG$`T zdiT G$r @lcí_G$Ul m` }a WnUn gþD m§zR=U fqUl`l^ LUvc|Wq
G$gUn g¢-ì_lG$`T zdiT ]lel zdiT G$l DG$ @z]Þ @§I g³& ]lel G$ln dvW²Xì_lG$`T zdiT ]lel zdiT G$l DG$ @z]Þ @§I g³& ]lel G$ln dvW²Xì_lG$`T zdiT ]lel zdiT G$l DG$ @z]Þ @§I g³& ]lel G$ln dvW²Xì_lG$`T zdiT ]lel zdiT G$l DG$ @z]Þ @§I g³& ]lel G$ln dvW²X
}Yl_n `HYn G$l G$l^, ì_lG$`T G$l gq g³&}Yl_n `HYn G$l G$l^, ì_lG$`T G$l gq g³&}Yl_n `HYn G$l G$l^, ì_lG$`T G$l gq g³&}Yl_n `HYn G$l G$l^, ì_lG$`T G$l gq g³&
ì_lG$`T zdiT Gn$ BW²Wní_…ì_lG$`T zdiT Gn$ BW²Wní_…ì_lG$`T zdiT Gn$ BW²Wní_…ì_lG$`T zdiT Gn$ BW²Wní_…----
* M=lÌln§ G$ln fgq ]lel-UËcl{ Gn$ fgq jlY Gn$ flV BYG$l fgq à_lnI G$`lYl&
* M=lÌl{ G$ln dvW²X ]lel -à_lnI zfHlYl&
* ]lel G$ln zcG¥$U glnYn fn }LlYl&

53
* M=lÌl{ G$ln ]lel G$l dvW²X ém mgLlYYn ^{ f^V© }YlYl&
* M=lÌl{ ^{ `LYlË^G$ àc¥zÎl G$l zcG$lf G$`Yl&
ì_lG$`T zdiT G$r Bm_vº$ zczX…ì_lG$`T zdiT G$r Bm_vº$ zczX…ì_lG$`T zdiT G$r Bm_vº$ zczX…ì_lG$`T zdiT G$r Bm_vº$ zczX…----
àlLqY G$la ^{ ì_lG$`T zdiT fxÌ àTlaq W²cl`l zW_l NlUl Vl @Vl©U²
ì_lG$`T zdiT Gn$ zaD zYI^Y zczX @mYl_q NlUq Vq& Af zczX ^{ ì_lG$`zTG$
zY_^l{ G$ln G§$Q=ñV G$`l_l NlUl Vl&@} zYI^Y àTlaq Gn$ }Wan @lI^Y zczX
@mYl_q I_q g³& Af^{ ì_lG$`zTG$ zY_^l{ G$ln G$§Q=ñV G$`lYn Gn$ }Wan BWlg`Tl{ G$ln
àñUvU zG$_l NlUl g³, BWlg`Tl{ G$ln WnHG$` M=lÌ/M=lÌl zY_^ zYXl©`T G$Ùn g¢&
@lI^Y zczX Gn$ @l_l^…@lI^Y zczX Gn$ @l_l^…@lI^Y zczX Gn$ @l_l^…@lI^Y zczX Gn$ @l_l^…----
1. BWlgT
2. UvaYl @l³` zcíaneT
3. zY_^-zYXl©`T
4. @ä_lf
Bm_v©º$ @l_l^l{ Gn$ @lXl` m` f^lf ì_lG$`zTG$ p}Wþ m` ì_lG$`T mlQ=
àñUvU G$`Yn G$l à_lf zG$_l I_l g³&
@lN ì_lcglZ`G$ ì_lG$`T dãW G$r Ix±N zdil inÌ Gn$ Ll`ln§ @ln` `gq g³ &
AfGn$ @Yvfl` @Ü_lmG$ G$ln mlQ=çmvñUG$ m‹S=lUn f^_ mlQ=l{ ^{ @l_n gþD zcz]Þ
ì_lG$`zTG$ p}Wþ@l{ G$ln ñmï= G$`Yl LlzgD& Af àG$l` G$r fg_lnI àTlaqfg_lnI àTlaqfg_lnI àTlaqfg_lnI àTlaq fn M=lÌ
fgN ñ$m ^{ gq ì_lG$`zTG$ ^vW²Wl{ G$ln fÔ fGn$§In& IW²_ zdiT ^{ @YnG$ Dnfn àf§I
@lUn g¢& zNYG$l al] BQ=lG$` @Ü_lmG$ ì_lG$`zTG$ ñ$ml{ @l³` zY_^l{ G$l jlY
àWlY G$` fG$Ul g³&
@§U ^{ G$gYn G$r }lU g³ zG$ g^{ ì_lG$`T Gn$ ì_lcglZ`G$ mi m` }a WnYl
LlzgD& à_lnIlË^G$ mi G$ln àñUvU G$`Yl BzLU glnIl& _gq mi ì_lcglZ`G$
ì_lG$`T Gn$ ^gËc G$ln BNlI` G$Ùl g³& Af mi ^{ zYîTlU glnYn Gn$ zaD m_l©á
@ä_lf G$`lYl LlzgD & @ä_lf `lnLG$ glnYn LlzgD&
f§W]©…f§W]©…f§W]©…f§W]©…----
1.pgWq ]lel zdiT zWYndL§Ð ]l`W²clN
2.pgWq zdiT f§Wzd©G$l-`lï´=q_ d³ziG$ @Yvf§XlY @l³` àzdiT mZèW

54
àl¶lnzIG$ mlQ=àl¶lnzIG$ mlQ=àl¶lnzIG$ mlQ=àl¶lnzIG$ mlQ= G$lG$lG$lG$l BWlg`TBWlg`TBWlg`TBWlg`T
f^lf G$l mZ`L_f^lf G$l mZ`L_f^lf G$l mZ`L_f^lf G$l mZ`L_
(fvYYl @l³` }lnaYl)(fvYYl @l³` }lnaYl)(fvYYl @l³` }lnaYl)(fvYYl @l³` }lnaYl)
BW²Wní_BW²Wní_BW²Wní_BW²Wní_…………----
1. M=lÌl{ ^{ dãW ]ÊR=l` $ }‹S=lYl&
2. M=lÌl{ ^{ UG©$ dzº$ G$l zcG$lf G$`Yl&
3. f^lf dãWl{ G$ln mgLlYYn G$r G$al G$l zcG$lf G$`Yl&
4. M=lÌl{ ^{ dãW zcíaneT G$`Gn$ zY_^ zYXl©`T G$`Yn G$r Gv$daUl zcG$lf
G$`Yl&
G$il Gn$ M=lÌ-M=lÌl@l{ G$ln zcz]Þ f^xgl{ ^{ }l±P=Yl & }l±P=Yn Gn$ Bm`l§U
@mYn-@mYn f^xg ^{ }³Q=Yn Gn$ zaD G$gYl&
f^xg Gn$ @Yvfl` f^lf (ì_lG$`T) mlQ=lzXZ`U }gþzcG$ëmq_ àíYl{ Gn$ LlP=©
}YlG$`, M=lÌ-M=lÌl@l{ Gn$ f^xg G$ln WnYl& BY LlP=l Gn$ àíYl{ G$ln ,}l`qG$r fn WnHYn
Gn$ zaD G$gYl&
^lI©Wd©G$-^lI©Wzd©G$l @lI^ zczX@lI^ zczX@lI^ zczX@lI^ zczX Ûl`l f^lf Gn$ BWlg`Tl{ (mlQ²=_mvñUG$ Gn$
@lXlZ`U gln) LlP=©, í_l^mP= @l³` G§$ß_xP=` W²cl`l àñUvU G$`Gn$ M=lÌ-M=lÌl@l{
W²cl`l zY_^ zYXl©`T G$`lYl&
mlQ= àñUvUqG$`T Gn$ míLlU M=lÌ-M=lÌl@l{ fn f^xg ^{ zW_n I_n LlP=© Gn$ àíYl{
G l g` f^xg fn BÎl` G$gaclYl&

55
BÎl` G$galYn Gn$ }lW M=lÌ-M=lÌl@ln fn glnYnclaq IazU_l{ G$r fxLq
}YlG$`,m¥ï=lmlneT W²cl`l BYG$ln fvXl`Yn Gn$ zaD ^lI©Wd©Y WnYl&
fxLYl…fxLYl…fxLYl…fxLYl… @calnG$Y fxLq W²cl`l f^xg ^{ glnYnclaq IazU_l{ G$l zYXl©`T
G$`Yl&
@lG$aY…@lG$aY…@lG$aY…@lG$aY…----
@lG$aY p}Wþ@lG$aY p}Wþ@lG$aY p}Wþ@lG$aY p}Wþ @§G$ zY@§G$ zY@§G$ zY@§G$ zYXl©`TXl©`TXl©`TXl©`T
1. f^lf dãW mgLlYYl 1
2. f^lf dãWl{ G$l zcI«g 2
3. f^lf dãW }YlYl 2
m¥m¥m¥m¥îQ=îQ=îQ=îQ=lmlneT…lmlneT…lmlneT…lmlneT…----
M=lÌ-M=lÌl@l{ fn glnYnclaq IazU_l{ G$r UlzaG$l Gn$ @Yvfl` BYG$ln fvXl`Yn Gn$
zaD à_lf G$`Yl&
(f^lf mlQ= zdiT Gn$ f§W]© ^{ f^xgl{ G$ln WnYn Gn$ zaD àíYl{ Gn$ LlP=©…(f^lf mlQ= zdiT Gn$ f§W]© ^{ f^xgl{ G$ln WnYn Gn$ zaD àíYl{ Gn$ LlP=©…(f^lf mlQ= zdiT Gn$ f§W]© ^{ f^xgl{ G$ln WnYn Gn$ zaD àíYl{ Gn$ LlP=©…(f^lf mlQ= zdiT Gn$ f§W]© ^{ f^xgl{ G$ln WnYn Gn$ zaD àíYl{ Gn$ LlP=©…----))))
LlP=©LlP=©LlP=©LlP=©----1111
zYåYzazHU àíYl{ Gn$ zaD Ll`zYåYzazHU àíYl{ Gn$ zaD Ll`zYåYzazHU àíYl{ Gn$ zaD Ll`zYåYzazHU àíYl{ Gn$ zaD Ll`----Ll` }gþzcG$ëmq_ BÎl` zW_n I_n g¢, BY^{ fnLl` }gþzcG$ëmq_ BÎl` zW_n I_n g¢, BY^{ fnLl` }gþzcG$ëmq_ BÎl` zW_n I_n g¢, BY^{ fnLl` }gþzcG$ëmq_ BÎl` zW_n I_n g¢, BY^{ fn
fgq BÎl` LvYG$` }lnza_n…fgq BÎl` LvYG$` }lnza_n…fgq BÎl` LvYG$` }lnza_n…fgq BÎl` LvYG$` }lnza_n…----
1. `lNYqzU`lNYqzU`lNYqzU`lNYqzU dãW ^{ f^lf g³-
@. }gþc«qgq f^lf
@l. @ì__q]lc f^lf
A. UËmvée f^lf
A©. G$^©Xl`_ f^lf
2. ^glË^l^glË^l^glË^l^glË^l dãW G$l zcI«g ñ$m g³-
@. ^glY @lË^l g³& @l. ^glY g³ zNfG$r @lË^l &
A. Nln @lË^l ^glY g³& A©. @lË^l ^glY g³&

56
3.3.3.3. HlYl @l³` mqYlHlYl @l³` mqYlHlYl @l³` mqYlHlYl @l³` mqYl G$l f^lzfG$ ñ$m g³G$l f^lzfG$ ñ$m g³G$l f^lzfG$ ñ$m g³G$l f^lzfG$ ñ$m g³----
@. HlYl-mlYl
@l. HlY-mlY
A. HlmlY
A©. HlYl-mlYq
4.4.4.4. Wlnmg`Wlnmg`Wlnmg`Wlnmg` dãWdãWdãWdãW-------------------------------- f^lf G$l BWlg`T g³f^lf G$l BWlg`T g³f^lf G$l BWlg`T g³f^lf G$l BWlg`T g³----
@. UËmv`e
@l. W²zcIv
A. }gþctgq
A©. G$^©Xl`_
5.5.5.5. e‹Re‹Re‹Re‹R=lYYl=lYYl=lYYl=lYYl dãW ^{ à_vº$ f^lf g³dãW ^{ à_vº$ f^lf g³dãW ^{ à_vº$ f^lf g³dãW ^{ à_vº$ f^lf g³----
@. W²zcIv
@l. W²c§W²c
A. }gþctgq
A©. G$^©Xl`_
6. @f§]c@f§]c@f§]c@f§]c dãW ^{ f^lf g³-
@. YÄl UËmv`e f^lf
@l. UËmvée f^lf
A. }gþctgq
A©. W²zcIv

57
zYåYzazHU àíYl{ Gn$ zaD Ll`zYåYzazHU àíYl{ Gn$ zaD Ll`zYåYzazHU àíYl{ Gn$ zaD Ll`zYåYzazHU àíYl{ Gn$ zaD Ll`----Ll` }gþzcG$ëmq_ BÎl` zW_n I_n g¢, BY^{ fn fgqLl` }gþzcG$ëmq_ BÎl` zW_n I_n g¢, BY^{ fn fgqLl` }gþzcG$ëmq_ BÎl` zW_n I_n g¢, BY^{ fn fgqLl` }gþzcG$ëmq_ BÎl` zW_n I_n g¢, BY^{ fn fgq
BÎl`BÎl`BÎl`BÎl` LvYG$` }lnza_n…LvYG$` }lnza_n…LvYG$` }lnza_n…LvYG$` }lnza_n…----
1. IvTIvTIvTIvT----WlneWlneWlneWlne dãW G$l zcI«g G$rzN_n-
@. IvT _l Wlne
@l. IvT @l³` Wlne
A. IvT G$l Wlne
A©. IvTl{ G$l Wlne
2. `lNc§d`lNc§d`lNc§d`lNc§d dãW G$l zcI«g ñ$m g³-
@. `lNl G$l c§d
@l. `lNl fn c§d
A. `lNl Gn$ zaD c§d
A©. `lNl G$ln c§d
3.3.3.3. BWlg`Tl{ G$ln f^lf ]nW Gn$ @YvBWlg`Tl{ G$ln f^lf ]nW Gn$ @YvBWlg`Tl{ G$ln f^lf ]nW Gn$ @YvBWlg`Tl{ G$ln f^lf ]nW Gn$ @Yvfl` Nln‹R=G$` zazH_fl` Nln‹R=G$` zazH_fl` Nln‹R=G$` zazH_fl` Nln‹R=G$` zazH_n…-
‘@@@@’ ]lI]lI]lI]lI ‘}}}}’ ]lI]lI]lI]lI
YqazIZ` W²c§W²c
NIY^lngY W²zcIv
@ì__q ]lc
G$^©Xl`_
UËmvée
4. àzUzWYàzUzWYàzUzWYàzUzWY dãW ^{ @ì__q]lc f^lf g³,Uln ]`mnP= dãW ^{ f^lf g³-
@. @ì__q]lc f^lf
@l. W²zcIv f^lf
A. W²c§W²c f^lf
A©. UËmvée f^lf

58
5. f§mG©$ G$r ]lelf§mG©$ G$r ]lelf§mG©$ G$r ]lelf§mG©$ G$r ]lel zcI«g G$l f^lf ñ$m g³-
@. f§mG©$]lel
@l. f§mG©$ -]lel
A. f§mG©$ `zgU ]lel
A©. f§]lel
6. W²zcIv f^lfW²zcIv f^lfW²zcIv f^lfW²zcIv f^lf G$l BWlg`T g³-
@. m§LcP=q
@l. zÌYnÌ
A. WdlYY
A©. LUv]v©N
1. @ì__q]lc f^lf@ì__q]lc f^lf@ì__q]lc f^lf@ì__q]lc f^lf G$l BWlg`T g³-
@. @YNlYn
@l. zÌYnÌ
A. a§}lnW`
A©. m§LlYW
2. L§Ð Gn$ f^lL§Ð Gn$ f^lL§Ð Gn$ f^lL§Ð Gn$ f^lY ^vHY ^vHY ^vHY ^vH g³ zcI«g G$l f^lf ñ$m g³-
@. L§Ð G$l ^vH
@l. L§Ð^vH
A. ^vHL§Ð
A©. L§Ð-^vH
3. W²c§W²c f^lfW²c§W²c f^lfW²c§W²c f^lfW²c§W²c f^lf G$l BWlg`T g³-
@. `lNl-`lYq
@l. G$lal z^L©
A. fU`§Iq
A©. zU`§Il

59
4. m§G$Nm§G$Nm§G$Nm§G$N dãW ^{ f^lf g³-
@. W²c§W²c
@l. W²zcIv
A. }gþc«qgq
A©. UËmvée
5.... LG«$X`LG«$X`LG«$X`LG«$X` dãW G$l zcI«g ñ$m g³-
@. LG«$ X`
@l. LG«$ zNfYn Xl`T G$` za_l g³&
A. LG«$ @l³` X`
A©. LG«$ G$ln Xl`T G$`Ynclal
6. ]`mnP=]`mnP=]`mnP=]`mnP= dãW ------ f^lf G$l BWlg`T g³-
@. @ì__q
@l. W²c§W²c
A. UËmvée
A©. }gþc«qgq
1. mqUl§}`mqUl§}`mqUl§}`mqUl§}` dãW G$l zcI«g ñ$m g³-
@. Nln @§}` mqUl g³&
@l. zNfG$l @§}` mqUl g³&
A. mqUl G$l @§}` &
A©. @§}` mqUl g³&
2. `lîP´=]lel`lîP´=]lel`lîP´=]lel`lîP´=]lel dãW ^{ f^lf g³-
@. UËmvée

60
@l. W²zcIv
A. @ì__q]lc
A©. W²c§W²c
3.... W²zcIv f^lfW²zcIv f^lfW²zcIv f^lfW²zcIv f^lf G$l BWlg`T g³-
@. Wlnmg`
@l. zÌYnÌ
A. LUv]v©N
A©. WdlYY
4. IvTIvTIvTIvT----Wlne dãW ^{ zYzgUWlne dãW ^{ zYzgUWlne dãW ^{ zYzgUWlne dãW ^{ zYzgU f^lf g³-
@. W²zcIv
@l. W²c§W²c
A. G$^©Xl`_
A©. @ì__q]lc
5.... zÌ]vcYzÌ]vcYzÌ]vcYzÌ]vcY dãW G$l zcI«g ñ$m g³-
@. UqY ]vcY
@l. UqYl{ ]vcY
A. UqY ]cYl{ G$l f^xg
A©. ]vcY UqY
6. INlYYINlYYINlYYINlYY dãW ^{ f^lf g³-
@. UËmvée
@l. }gþc«qgq
A. YÄl UËmvée
A©. G$^© UËmvée

61
@ä_lf@ä_lf@ä_lf@ä_lf
(m‹S=Yl @l³`(m‹S=Yl @l³`(m‹S=Yl @l³`(m‹S=Yl @l³` zaHYl)zaHYl)zaHYl)zaHYl)
1. M=lÌl{ G$ln zcI«g G$`Yn ^{ Gv$da }YlYl&
2. M=lÌl{ ^{ f^lf mZ`L_ G$l Ñ‹S=qG$`T G$`Yl&
3. M=lÌl{ ^{ f^lf dãWl{ G$r mgLlYYn G$r G$al }‹S=lYl&
4. M=lÌl{ ^{ f^lf dãW zY^l©T G$r G$al }‹S=lYl&
• mxc© ^{ zYXl©Z`U g` f^xgl{ G$ln DG$-DG$ @ä_lf LlP=© WnYl&(@ä_lf zcz]Þ
àG$l` Gn$ gln,N³fn }gþzcG$ëmq_ àíY,f^lf dãWl{ G$ln zcI«g G$`Gn$ f^lf G$l
Yl^ }UlYl,zcI«zgU f^lf dãWl{ G$ln f^ñU dãW }YlG$` f^lf G$l Yl^
zaHYl& dãWl{ G$l f^lf mgLlYYl,clŠ_l{ ^{ f^lf dãW Sx±‹S=G$` zaHYl-
@lzW) àíYl{ Gn$ @Yvfl` BÎl` zaHYl&
• @ä_lfl{ G$ln WnYn Gn$ }lW ^lI©Wd©G$/^lI©Wzd©G$l$ M=lÌ-M=lÌl{ Gn$ @ä_lf G$l_©
G$ln @calnG$Y fxLq W²cl`l zYXl©Z`U G$`Yl& M=lÌl{ Yn Š_l-Š_l zG$_l g³> G$gl±
^lI©Wd©Y G$r @lcí_G$Ul g³ >mgLlYYl&
• M=lÌ-M=lÌl@l{ G$r @ä_lfl{ ^{ zYzgU IazU_l{ G$ln fvXl`Yn Gn$ zaD m¥îQ=lmlneT
WnYl&
@lG$aY p}Wþ@lG$aY p}Wþ@lG$aY p}Wþ@lG$aY p}Wþ @§G$@§G$@§G$@§G$
1. zcI«g G$`Yl 2
2. mgLlYYl 1
3. f^lf dãW }YlYl 2

62
@ä_lf G$l_© Gn$ zaD LlP=©@ä_lf G$l_© Gn$ zaD LlP=©@ä_lf G$l_© Gn$ zaD LlP=©@ä_lf G$l_© Gn$ zaD LlP=©
zcI«g G$`Gn$ f^lf$ G$l Yl^ zazH_n…zcI«g G$`Gn$ f^lf$ G$l Yl^ zazH_n…zcI«g G$`Gn$ f^lf$ G$l Yl^ zazH_n…zcI«g G$`Gn$ f^lf$ G$l Yl^ zazH_n…----
1. @lk_Xl^ ----------- -------------
2. _Vldzº$----------- -------------
3. m§LcP=q------------- ------------
4. YqaG$^a---------- ------------
5. m§G$N------------ ------------
6. G$l^-G$lN-------- ------------
zcI«g dãWl{ G$ln f^lf dãW }YlA_n @l³` f^lf G$l Yl^ zazH_n…zcI«g dãWl{ G$ln f^lf dãW }YlA_n @l³` f^lf G$l Yl^ zazH_n…zcI«g dãWl{ G$ln f^lf dãW }YlA_n @l³` f^lf G$l Yl^ zazH_n…zcI«g dãWl{ G$ln f^lf dãW }YlA_n @l³` f^lf G$l Yl^ zazH_n…----
1. HlY @l³` mlY----------- -------------
2. UqYl{ ]vcYl{ G$l f^xg-------- -------------
3. Yqa zI`q ----------- -------------
4. mc©Ul{ G$r ^lal ----------- ------------
5. NÝ^ fn NÝ^l gþ@l--------- - ------------
6. mnP= ]` ----------------- -------------
zYåYzaH f^lf dãWl{ G$l Yl^ mgLlYG$` zazH_n…zYåYzaH f^lf dãWl{ G$l Yl^ mgLlYG$` zazH_n…zYåYzaH f^lf dãWl{ G$l Yl^ mgLlYG$` zazH_n…zYåYzaH f^lf dãWl{ G$l Yl^ mgLlYG$` zazH_n…----
1. G$YG$aUl------------------------
2. @YNlYn-------------------------
3. zLz‹R=_l^l`------------------------
4. zÌXl`l---------------------------
5. Wla-`lnP=q-------------------------
6. JYí_l^-------------------------

63
BWlg`Tl{ G$ln f^lf ]nW Gn$ @Yvfl` NlBWlg`Tl{ G$ln f^lf ]nW Gn$ @Yvfl` NlBWlg`Tl{ G$ln f^lf ]nW Gn$ @Yvfl` NlBWlg`Tl{ G$ln f^lf ]nW Gn$ @Yvfl` Nln‹R=G$` zazH_n…n‹R=G$` zazH_n…n‹R=G$` zazH_n…n‹R=G$` zazH_n…----
@ ]lI@ ]lI@ ]lI@ ]lI } ]lI} ]lI} ]lI} ]lI
1. ZÌcnTq UËmvée
2. fqUl-`l^ G$^©Xl`_
3. dUlãWq W²c§W²c
4. ]x-WlY @ì__q]lc
5. YqaG§$Q= W²zcIv
6. _Vlf§]c }gþc«qgq
BWlg`Tl{ G$ln f^lfBWlg`Tl{ G$ln f^lfBWlg`Tl{ G$ln f^lfBWlg`Tl{ G$ln f^lf Gn$ @Yvfl` Nln‹R=G$` zazH_n…Gn$ @Yvfl` Nln‹R=G$` zazH_n…Gn$ @Yvfl` Nln‹R=G$` zazH_n…Gn$ @Yvfl` Nln‹R=G$` zazH_n…----
1. LG«$mlzT W²zcIv
2. Ll³`lg W²c§W²c
3. ]al-}v`l UËmvée
4. àn^flI` @ì__q]lc
5. @lNÝ^ G$^©Xl`_
6. ^vHL§Ð }gþc«qgq
zYåYzazHU f^lf dãWl{ G$l Yl^ mgLlYG$` zazH_n…zYåYzazHU f^lf dãWl{ G$l Yl^ mgLlYG$` zazH_n…zYåYzazHU f^lf dãWl{ G$l Yl^ mgLlYG$` zazH_n…zYåYzazHU f^lf dãWl{ G$l Yl^ mgLlYG$` zazH_n…----
1. Yc`ËY----------------
2. `lNzG$dln`--------------
3. YqaG$^a--------------
4. WqY-WzaU-------------
5. ^glË^l----------------
6. @lNÝ^----------------

64
zcI«g dãWl{ G$l f^lf dãW }YlA_n @l³` f^lf G$l Yl^ mgLlYG$` zazH_n…zcI«g dãWl{ G$l f^lf dãW }YlA_n @l³` f^lf G$l Yl^ mgLlYG$` zazH_n…zcI«g dãWl{ G$l f^lf dãW }YlA_n @l³` f^lf G$l Yl^ mgLlYG$` zazH_n…zcI«g dãWl{ G$l f^lf dãW }YlA_n @l³` f^lf G$l Yl^ mgLlYG$` zazH_n…----
1. Yl³ `ËYl{ G$l f^xg------------ ------------
2. G$YG$ Gn$ f^lY aUl--------- ------------
3. HP= Gn$ z}Yl--------------- ------------
4. fvH @l³` WþH --------------- -------------
5. ml±L YzW_l{ G$l f^xg -------- ------------
6. UqY YnÌ g³ zNfGn$ ----------- ------------
zYåYzazHU f^lf dãWl{ G$ln zcI«gG$`Gn$,f^lf G$l Yl^ zazH_n…zYåYzazHU f^lf dãWl{ G$ln zcI«gG$`Gn$,f^lf G$l Yl^ zazH_n…zYåYzazHU f^lf dãWl{ G$ln zcI«gG$`Gn$,f^lf G$l Yl^ zazH_n…zYåYzazHU f^lf dãWl{ G$ln zcI«gG$`Gn$,f^lf G$l Yl^ zazH_n…----
1. ^¥IY_Yq--------------- -----------
2. fv}g-dl^-------------- -----------
3. }l`g^lfl-------------- -----------
4. `lNXlYq--------------- -----------
5. mqUl§}`---------------- -----------
6. zU`§Il---------------- -----------
zcI«g dãWl{ G$ln f^lf dãW }YlA_n @l³` f^lf G$l Yl^ mgLlYG$` zazH_zcI«g dãWl{ G$ln f^lf dãW }YlA_n @l³` f^lf G$l Yl^ mgLlYG$` zazH_zcI«g dãWl{ G$ln f^lf dãW }YlA_n @l³` f^lf G$l Yl^ mgLlYG$` zazH_zcI«g dãWl{ G$ln f^lf dãW }YlA_n @l³` f^lf G$l Yl^ mgLlYG$` zazH_n…-
1. `lNl G$l ^ga ------------ ---------------
2. zWY } zWY-------------- ---------------
3. G$^a ñ$mq G$`------------ ---------------
4. Ll` `lgl{ G$l f^xg---------- ---------------
5. Wln @l³` Ll`-------------- ---------------
6. a§}l g³ BW` zNfG$l--------- ---------------

65
BWlg`Tl{ G$ln f^lf Gn$ @Yvfl` Nln‹R=G$` zazH_n…BWlg`Tl{ G$ln f^lf Gn$ @Yvfl` Nln‹R=G$` zazH_n…BWlg`Tl{ G$ln f^lf Gn$ @Yvfl` Nln‹R=G$` zazH_n…BWlg`Tl{ G$ln f^lf Gn$ @Yvfl` Nln‹R=G$` zazH_n…----
1. IvT-Wlne UËmvée
2. `lNf]l W²zcIv
3. WdlYY W²c§W²c
4. fW²X^© @ì__q
5. fUfA© }gþc«qgq
6. _Vlf§]c G$^©Xl`_
f^lf dãWl{ G$l zcI«g G$`Gn$, f^lf G$l Yl^ mgLlYG$` zazH_n…f^lf dãWl{ G$l zcI«g G$`Gn$, f^lf G$l Yl^ mgLlYG$` zazH_n…f^lf dãWl{ G$l zcI«g G$`Gn$, f^lf G$l Yl^ mgLlYG$` zazH_n…f^lf dãWl{ G$l zcI«g G$`Gn$, f^lf G$l Yl^ mgLlYG$` zazH_n…----
1. a§}lnW`----------- --------------
2. Nald_------------------------
3. m§L`ËY---------- --------------
4. mlm-mvÊ_-------- --------------
5. G$lal z^L©-------- --------------
6. A§ÐXYve--------- -------------
zYoåYzazHU f^lf dãWl{ G$ln zcI«g G$`Gn$ zazH_n…zYoåYzazHU f^lf dãWl{ G$ln zcI«g G$`Gn$ zazH_n…zYoåYzazHU f^lf dãWl{ G$ln zcI«g G$`Gn$ zazH_n…zYoåYzazHU f^lf dãWl{ G$ln zcI«g G$`Gn$ zazH_n…----
1. zÌcT© -----------
2. m`alnG$lI^Y-----------
3. zÌYnÌ----------------
4. zÌXl`l---------------
5. ^lUl----------------
6. NlYG$rfvU-------------

66
zYåYzazHU f^lf dãWl{ G$ln zcI«g G$`Gn$ zazH_n…zYåYzazHU f^lf dãWl{ G$ln zcI«g G$`Gn$ zazH_n…zYåYzazHU f^lf dãWl{ G$ln zcI«g G$`Gn$ zazH_n…zYåYzazHU f^lf dãWl{ G$ln zcI«g G$`Gn$ zazH_n…----
1. G$lalXY------------
2. _Vldzº$------------
3. Yq`N--------------
4. zcW²_la_------------
5. Yc`lÌq---------------
6. Yï=-]«ï=------------
zYåYzazHU f^lf dãWl{ G$ln zcI«g G$`Gn$ f^lf G$l Yl^ mgLlYG$`zYåYzazHU f^lf dãWl{ G$ln zcI«g G$`Gn$ f^lf G$l Yl^ mgLlYG$`zYåYzazHU f^lf dãWl{ G$ln zcI«g G$`Gn$ f^lf G$l Yl^ mgLlYG$`zYåYzazHU f^lf dãWl{ G$ln zcI«g G$`Gn$ f^lf G$l Yl^ mgLlYG$`
zazH_n…zazH_n…zazH_n…zazH_n…----
1. IvéWziTl----------- -----------------
2. m§LlYY------------- -----------------
3. _VldqJ«------------ -----------------
4. Y`-Yl`q------------ -----------------
5. mvÊ_G$la------------ -----------------
6. m§L]xU------------- -----------------
f^lf Gn$ @Yvfl` BWlg`Tl{ G$ln Nln‹R=G$` zazH_n…f^lf Gn$ @Yvfl` BWlg`Tl{ G$ln Nln‹R=G$` zazH_n…f^lf Gn$ @Yvfl` BWlg`Tl{ G$ln Nln‹R=G$` zazH_n…f^lf Gn$ @Yvfl` BWlg`Tl{ G$ln Nln‹R=G$` zazH_n…----
@ }lI@ }lI@ }lI@ }lI } ]lI} ]lI} ]lI} ]lI
1. @ì__q]lc ]lA©-}gY
2. UËmvée m§Lm`^níc`
3. G$^©Xl`_ eP=G$lnT
4. W²c§W²c _Vl^xë_
5. W²zcIv fálg
7. }gþc«qgq ala WclU

67
zcI«g dãWl{ G$ln f^lf dãW }YlG$`,f^lf G$l Yl^ mgLlYG$` zazH_n…zcI«g dãWl{ G$ln f^lf dãW }YlG$`,f^lf G$l Yl^ mgLlYG$` zazH_n…zcI«g dãWl{ G$ln f^lf dãW }YlG$`,f^lf G$l Yl^ mgLlYG$` zazH_n…zcI«g dãWl{ G$ln f^lf dãW }YlG$`,f^lf G$l Yl^ mgLlYG$` zazH_n…----
1. mvñUG$l{ G$nzaD @la_---------- ------------
2. mzU @l³` mËYq-------------- -----------
3. Yl³ I«gl{ G$l f‘xg ----------- ------------
4. zNÄlG$ln Ll` ]vNlD± g¢--------- -------------
5. UVl Gn$ @Yvfl` ------------ -------------
6. Nln YlI G$al g³ ----------- ------------
`LYlË^G$ @lG$aY`LYlË^G$ @lG$aY`LYlË^G$ @lG$aY`LYlË^G$ @lG$aY----
zYåYzazHU dãWl{ Gn$ fl^Yn fgq (zYåYzazHU dãWl{ Gn$ fl^Yn fgq (zYåYzazHU dãWl{ Gn$ fl^Yn fgq (zYåYzazHU dãWl{ Gn$ fl^Yn fgq ( ) IaU() IaU() IaU() IaU(X) zYdlYl aI) zYdlYl aI) zYdlYl aI) zYdlYl aIlA_n…lA_n…lA_n…lA_n…----
1. WdlYYWdlYYWdlYYWdlYY dãW W²zcIv f^lf g³& fgq / IaU
2. UqY `§Il{ Gn$ f^xg G$ln zU`§IlzU`§IlzU`§IlzU`§Il G$gUn g³& fgq / IaU
3. `lN^lUl`lN^lUl`lN^lUl`lN^lUl G$l zcI«g ñ$m g³-`lN @l³` ^lUl & fgq / IaU
4. m§LcP=qm§LcP=qm§LcP=qm§LcP=q dãW W²zcIv f^lf g³ & fgq / IaU
5. zNfG$l BW` a§}l g³ Bfn a§}l BWà§}l BWà§}l BWà§}l BW` G$gUn g³& fgq / IaU
6. G$lal z^L© G$l zcI«g ñ$m-G$lal G$l z^L©G$lal G$l z^L©G$lal G$l z^L©G$lal G$l z^L©& fgq / IaU
mgan Wlnn dãWl{ Gn$ @Yvfl` Uqf`n dãW G$l BÎl` Z`º$ ñVlY ^{ ]Z`_n…mgan Wlnn dãWl{ Gn$ @Yvfl` Uqf`n dãW G$l BÎl` Z`º$ ñVlY ^{ ]Z`_n…mgan Wlnn dãWl{ Gn$ @Yvfl` Uqf`n dãW G$l BÎl` Z`º$ ñVlY ^{ ]Z`_n…mgan Wlnn dãWl{ Gn$ @Yvfl` Uqf`n dãW G$l BÎl` Z`º$ ñVlY ^{ ]Z`_n…----
1. zÌYnÌ }gþc«qzg f^lf G$l BWlg`T g³ Uln zU`§IlzU`§IlzU`§IlzU`§Il-------------
2. @YNlYn @ì__q]lc f^lf g³ Uln ]`mnP=-----------------
3. HlY-mlY W²c§W²c f^lf g³ Uln `lNYqzU`lNYqzU`lNYqzU`lNYqzU -----------------
4. LUv]v©N }gþc«qgq f^lf g³ Uln G$^©Xl`_ f^lfG$^©Xl`_ f^lfG$^©Xl`_ f^lfG$^©Xl`_ f^lf G$l BWlg`T-------

68
f^lf Gn$ @Yvfl` BWlg`T Nln‹R=G$` zazH_n…f^lf Gn$ @Yvfl` BWlg`T Nln‹R=G$` zazH_n…f^lf Gn$ @Yvfl` BWlg`T Nln‹R=G$` zazH_n…f^lf Gn$ @Yvfl` BWlg`T Nln‹R=G$` zazH_n…----
@ }lI@ }lI@ }lI@ }lI } ]lI} ]lI} ]lI} ]lI
1. @ì__q]lc kW²Xl ]zº$
2. UËmvée ^glË^l
3. W²zcIv LUv]v©N
4. W²c§W²c m§LcP=q
5. G$^©Xl`_ _Vlf§]c
6. }gþc«qgq mc©U^lal
zYåYzazHU f^lf dãWl{ ^{ fn dãWl{ G$ln LvYG$`zYåYzazHU f^lf dãWl{ ^{ fn dãWl{ G$ln LvYG$`zYåYzazHU f^lf dãWl{ ^{ fn dãWl{ G$ln LvYG$`zYåYzazHU f^lf dãWl{ ^{ fn dãWl{ G$ln LvYG$` f^lf ]nW Gn$ fl^Ynf^lf ]nW Gn$ fl^Ynf^lf ]nW Gn$ fl^Ynf^lf ]nW Gn$ fl^Yn
zazH_n…zazH_n…zazH_n…zazH_n…----
jlYmqQ=, f§mG©$]lel, Ula^na, @lk_Xl^, @lf-mlf, Wnd zcWnd,
Naàclg, `lNc§d, IvT-Wlne, L‹S=Yl - BU`Yl, Vln‹R=l-}gþU,
UËmvée…---------------------------------
G$^©Xl`_…---------------------------------
W²c§W²c…----------------------------------
W²zcIv…----------------------------------
}gþzc«gq…---------------------------------
@ì__q]lc…------------------------------
mZ`_lnmZ`_lnmZ`_lnmZ`_lnNYl G$l_©NYl G$l_©NYl G$l_©NYl G$l_©----

69
zce_zce_zce_zce_ …………---- @mYn mlQ=çmvñUG$ fn f^lf dãWl{ G$ln LvYG$` UlzaG$l }YlA_n, BÝg{@mYn mlQ=çmvñUG$ fn f^lf dãWl{ G$ln LvYG$` UlzaG$l }YlA_n, BÝg{@mYn mlQ=çmvñUG$ fn f^lf dãWl{ G$ln LvYG$` UlzaG$l }YlA_n, BÝg{@mYn mlQ=çmvñUG$ fn f^lf dãWl{ G$ln LvYG$` UlzaG$l }YlA_n, BÝg{
zcI«g G$rzN_n @l³` BYGn$ f^lf G$l Yl^ zazH_nn…zcI«g G$rzN_n @l³` BYGn$ f^lf G$l Yl^ zazH_nn…zcI«g G$rzN_n @l³` BYGn$ f^lf G$l Yl^ zazH_nn…zcI«g G$rzN_n @l³` BYGn$ f^lf G$l Yl^ zazH_nn…----
1. M=lÌl{ ^{ HlnµN àc¥zÎl G$l zcG$lf G$`Yl&
2. f^lf dãWl{ G$l mZ`L_ WnYl&
3. UG©$ @l³` pLUY dzº$ G$l zcG$zfU G$`Yl&
4. f^lf dãWl{ G$ln zcI«g G$`Yn Gn$ zY_^l{ fn mZ`zLU G$`lYl&
5. f^lf dãW mgLlYYn G$r G$al G$l zcG$lf G$`Yl&
mZ`_lnNYl àñUvUqG$`T Gn$ àlñ$m…mZ`_lnNYl àñUvUqG$`T Gn$ àlñ$m…mZ`_lnNYl àñUvUqG$`T Gn$ àlñ$m…mZ`_lnNYl àñUvUqG$`T Gn$ àlñ$m…----
1. f^lf dãWl{ G$l f§I«g G$`Yl&
2. f^lf dãWl{ G$ln zcI«g G$`Gn$ zaHYl&
3. f^lf àG$l` Gn$ YqLn dãWl{ G$ln zaHYl&
@lG$aY…@lG$aY…@lG$aY…@lG$aY…----
@lG$aY p}Wþ@lG$aY p}Wþ@lG$aY p}Wþ@lG$aY p}Wþ @§G$@§G$@§G$@§G$
1. f^lf dãWl{ G$l f§I«g 2
2. f^lf dãWl{ G$l zcI«g 2
3. f^lf mgLlYYl 1

70
f^lf mZ`L_f^lf mZ`L_f^lf mZ`L_f^lf mZ`L_
f^lff^lff^lff^lf
N} Wln _l Wln fn @zXG$ dãW z^alG$` DG$ Y_l dãW }Yl_l NlUl g³,U}
Bf ^na G$ln f^lf G$gl NlUl g³-N³fn WqY @l³` WzaU-WqY-WzaU,`lï´= G$r ]lel-
`lï´=]lel&
f^lf Gn$ àG$l`l{ G$ln zYåYzazHU @l`nH W²cl`l f^O fG$Un g¢…-
1.@ì__q]lc f^lf…1.@ì__q]lc f^lf…1.@ì__q]lc f^lf…1.@ì__q]lc f^lf…----
zNf f^lf ^{ Wÿf`n dãW àXlY glnUl g³,anzG$Ymgan dãW @ì__ gln Uln
@ì__q]lc f^lf glnUl g³& N³fn…- àzUzWY-zWY } zWY, ]`mnP=-mnP= ]`-@lzW&
2.UË2.UË2.UË2.UËmvée f^lf…mvée f^lf…mvée f^lf…mvée f^lf…----
zNf f^lf ^{ BÎl` dãW àXlY glnUl g³ @l³` àV^ dãW àl_… f§jl _l
zcdneT glnUl g³& dãWl{ Gn$ ^Ü_ ^{ G$Ul© @l³` f§}lnXY G$l`G$ G$r zc]zº$_l{ G$ln
M=ln‹R=G$` @Ý_ G$l`G$l{ G$r zc]zº$_l± `gUq g¢…-N³fn…-
`lï´=]lel-`lï´= G$r ]lel
f§mG©$]lel-f§mG©$ G$r ]lel
`lNYqzU-`lN G$r YqzU
`lN^ga-`lNl G$l ^ga
NaàmlU-Na G$l àmlU

71
`lNc§d-`lNl G$l c§d
f§I«gla_-f§I«g Gn$ zaD @la_
@lk¶Xl^-@lk_ Gn$ zaD Xl^
Nald_-Na Gn$ zaD @lk_
`lNXlYq-`lN G$r XlYq
mc©U^lal-mc©Ul{ G$r ^lal
ìlWa-ìl Gn$ zaD Wa
`lNzG$dln`-`lNl G$l zG$dln`
àG¥$zU^lUl-àG¥$zU G$r ^lUl
mc©Ulcaq-mc©Ul{ G$r @lcaq
mvñUG$la_-mvñUG$l{ G$l @la_
4.4.4.4. G$^©Xl`_ f^lf…G$^©Xl`_ f^lf…G$^©Xl`_ f^lf…G$^©Xl`_ f^lf…----
Af^{ mgal mW zcdneT @l³` Wÿf`l mW zcdnî_ glnUl g³,_l mgal dãW
Bm^lY @l³` Wÿf`l mW Bm^n_ glnUl g³& N³fn…-
Yqa zIZ`-Nln zIZ` Yqa g³&
Yqa G§$Q-Yqa g³ G§$Q
fW² X^©-Nln X^© fU g³&
L§Ð^vH-L§Ð Gn$ f^lY ^vH&
YqaG$â -Nln G$â Yqa g³&
5.5.5.5. W²zcIv f^lf…W²zcIv f^lf…W²zcIv f^lf…W²zcIv f^lf…----
f^lf dãW ^{ mgal mW f§»_lclLG$ g³ Uln W²zcIv f^lf glnUl g³& N³fn…-
Ll³^lf-Ll` ^lfl{ G$l f^xg&
zÌalnG$-UqY alnG$l{ G$l f^xg&
m§LcP=q-ml±L cP=l{ G$l f^xg&

72
zÌ]vcY-UqY ]vcYl{ G$l f^xg&
m§L`ËY-ml±L `ËYl{ G$l f^xg&
Yc`ËY-Yc `ËYl{ G$l f^xg&
6.6.6.6. YÄl UËmvée…YÄl UËmvée…YÄl UËmvée…YÄl UËmvée…----
f^lf dãW ^{ mgal dãW @]lc G$l fxLG$ gln Uln ,Bfn YÄl UËmvée f^lf
G$gUn g¢& N³fn…-
@Y§U -Y @§U
@f§]c-Y f§]c
@Yl`§]-@Y @l`§]
7.7.7.7. W²c§W²c f^lf…W²c§W²c f^lf…W²c§W²c f^lf…W²c§W²c f^lf…----
f^lf dãW ^{ WlnYl{ dãW àXlY gln Uln W²c§W²c f^lf G$gUn g¢& N³fn…-
HlY-mlY-HlYl @l³` mlYq
IvT-Wlne-IvT @l³` Wlne
G$l^-G$lN-G$l^ @l³` G$lN
WqY-WzaU-WqY @l³` WzaU
8.8.8.8. }}}}gþc«qgþc«qgþc«qgþc«qggggqqqq f^lf…f^lf…f^lf…f^lf…----
f^lf dãW ^{ G$lnA© ]q àXlY Ygs glnUn g¢, }oëG$ WlnYl{ Nv‹R= NlYn fn DG$
Y_l @V© zYG$aUl g³ Bfn }gþc«qgq f^lf G$gUn g¢,N³fn…-
a§}lnW`-zNfG$l BW` a§}l g³&
m§G$N-m§G$ fn NÝ^ gþ@l&
zÌYnÌ-UqY YnÌ g³ zNfG$ln
WdlYY-Wf @lYY g³ zNfG$ln
*****

73
mlQ=çmvñUG$ ^{ zYzgU f^lf dãWG$lndmlQ=çmvñUG$ ^{ zYzgU f^lf dãWG$lndmlQ=çmvñUG$ ^{ zYzgU f^lf dãWG$lndmlQ=çmvñUG$ ^{ zYzgU f^lf dãWG$lnd
`lNYqzU
NÝ^NlU
f]lmzU
^ôlË^l
^glzcW²_la_
G$`lnR=mzU
glnd gclf
kW²Xl-]zº$
Ll³^lfl
HlY-mlY
mvñUG$la_
NqcYd³aq
zcLl` zczY^_
G$l^G$lN
`ilWa
G$l_©G$alm
[x$aWlY
`lNzG$dln`
Wlnmg`
àG¥$zU^lUl
mc©U^lal
YqazIZ`
mc©Ulcaq
`lNXlYq
`lN^ga
NIY^lngY
Nald_
f§I«gla_
Wnd-zcWnd
NaàmlU
`lNc§d
@lf-mlf
Jx^Yl-z[$`Yl
^lUl-zmUl
@f§]c
Vln‹R=l-}gþU
L‹S=Yl-BU`Yl
zYñf§UlY
@lk_Xl^
WqYWzaU
IvT-Wlne
jlYmqQ=
`lï´=]lel
f§mG©$]lel
f§W]© I«§Vf§W]© I«§Vf§W]© I«§Vf§W]© I«§V…- pgWq cëa`q 10§ cs G$il-`lÁ_ zdil
@Yvf§XlY @l³` àzdiT mZ`eW²-}{Iax`

74
ml±Lcl± @Ü_l_ml±Lcl± @Ü_l_ml±Lcl± @Ü_l_ml±Lcl± @Ü_l_
`LYl zdiT`LYl zdiT`LYl zdiT`LYl zdiT
`LYl G$l @V©… `LYl G$l @V© fNlYl UVl f±cl`Yl &
*. àË_nG$ ì_zº$ ^{ zcLl` @l³` ]lc glnUn g¢& BÝg{ cg ^l³zHG$ @l³` zaZHU
ñ$m fn ì_º$ G$`Yn G$l à_lf G$`Ul `gUl g³&
zcLl` UVl ]lcl{ G$ln fv§W`, ì_coñVU UVl à]lcdlaq ñ$m fn àG$P= G$`Yn
G$ln gq `LYl G$gUn g¢&
*. `LYl cg flV©G$ UVl G$alË^G$ @z]ì_zº$ g³, zNfGn$ W²cl`l g^ zYoíLU
BW²Wní¶l{ G$ln fl^Yn `HG$` @mYn zcLl`l{ G$ln zazm}W²X G$`Un g¢&
`LYl Gn$ zcz]Þ`LYl Gn$ zcz]Þ`LYl Gn$ zcz]Þ`LYl Gn$ zcz]Þ ]nW…]nW…]nW…]nW…----
1. ^l³zHG$ `LYl
2. zazHU `LYl
3. ^lI©Wd©Y `LYl
4. ^vº$ `LYl
^lÜ_z^G$ ñU` m` `LYl zdiT zczX_l±…^lÜ_z^G$ ñU` m` `LYl zdiT zczX_l±…^lÜ_z^G$ ñU` m` `LYl zdiT zczX_l±…^lÜ_z^G$ ñU` m` `LYl zdiT zczX_l±…----
WnHln @l³` G$gln zczX
àíYlnÎl` zczX
fxÌ zczX
ñ$m`nHl zczX
à}lnXY(G$ëmYl) zczX

75
`LYl Gn$ BW²Wní_…`LYl Gn$ BW²Wní_…`LYl Gn$ BW²Wní_…`LYl Gn$ BW²Wní_…----
* }laG$l{ ^{ dvW²X Dc§ mZ`îG¥$U ]lel ^{ ]lclz]ì_zº$ G$`Yn G$r i^Ul BËmÞ
G$`Yl&
* dãW ]§R=l` ^{ zY`qiT, UG©$, G$ëmYl UVl zccnG$ dzº$_l{ G$l zcG$lf G$`Yl&
* M=lÌl{ G$ln flzgË_-f¥NY Gn$ zaD ànZ`U G$`Yl&
* M=lÌl{ ^{ @calnG$Y, @Ü__Y, pLUY @l³` ^YY G$r ézL BËmÞ G$`Yl&
* M=lÌl{ G$ln G$^ fn G$^ dãWl{ ^{ @zXG$ fn @zXG$ ]lc ì_º$ G$`Yn ^{ zYmvT
}YlYl&
YqLn zW_n I_n @§dl{ Gn$ @lXl` mYqLn zW_n I_n @§dl{ Gn$ @lXl` mYqLn zW_n I_n @§dl{ Gn$ @lXl` mYqLn zW_n I_n @§dl{ Gn$ @lXl` m` zY}§X G$r `LYl G$rzN_n…` zY}§X G$r `LYl G$rzN_n…` zY}§X G$r `LYl G$rzN_n…` zY}§X G$r `LYl G$rzN_n…----
G§$ß_xP=`…G§$ß_xP=`…G§$ß_xP=`…G§$ß_xP=`…----
1. @lNG$a G§$ß_xP=` G$l ñVlY
2. G§$ß_xP=` Gn$ zmUl^g
3. G§$ß_xP=` Gn$ ]lIl{ G$l mZ`L_
4. M=mlA© inÌ ^{ G§$ß_xP=` G$l ñVlY
5. WâU`l{ ^{ G§$ß_xP=` G$l ñVlY
6. zYNq G§$ß_xP=` Gn$ Bm_lnI
7. G$l`HlYl{ ^{ G§$ß_xP=` Gn$ Bm_lnI
8. HIlna inÌ ^{ G§$ß_xP=` G$l ñVlY
9. @§UNl©a G$r ì_cñVl
10.Bmf§gl`
m_l©c`Tm_l©c`Tm_l©c`Tm_l©c`T ----àWÿeT…àWÿeT…àWÿeT…àWÿeT…----
1. @V©
2. m_l©c`T Gn$ @§UI©U @lYnclan àlG¥$zUG$ f§mWl
3. àWÿeT G$l @V©

76
4. m_l©c`T àWÿeT Gn$ àG$l`
5. m_l©c`T àWÿeT Gn$ G$l`T
6. àWÿeT `lnG$Yn Gn$ Bml_
7. Bmf§gl`
`LY`LY`LY`LYl mlQ=l mlQ=l mlQ=l mlQ=
zY}§X zdiTzY}§X zdiTzY}§X zdiTzY}§X zdiT
G§$ß_xP=`…G§$ß_xP=`…G§$ß_xP=`…G§$ß_xP=`…----
àV^ flnmlY…àV^ flnmlY…àV^ flnmlY…àV^ flnmlY…----
1. M=lÌl{ G$ln ml±L f^xgl{ ^{ }l±P=Yl&
2. @mYn f^xg ^{ }³Q=Yn Gn$ zaD fxLYl WnYl&
W²zcUq_ flnmlY…W²zcUq_ flnmlY…W²zcUq_ flnmlY…W²zcUq_ flnmlY…----
(fvYYl-}lnaYl)
1. àË_nG$ f^xg G$ln Wln-Wln @§d WnG$` @mYn zcLl` ì_º$ G$`Yn Gn$ zaD fxLYl
WnYl&
2. BY zcLl`l{ G$ln G«$^lIU ñ$m fn }lnaYn Gn$ zaD fxLYl WnYl&
3. zLÌ/LlP=©/mqmqP=q @Ý_ mvñUG$ W²cl`l @Ý¶ zcdne zcLl`l{ G$ln f^lcnd G$`Yn
G$r fxLYl WnYl&
U¥Uq_ flnmlYU¥Uq_ flnmlYU¥Uq_ flnmlYU¥Uq_ flnmlY
(mS=Yl(mS=Yl(mS=Yl(mS=Yl----zaHYl)zaHYl)zaHYl)zaHYl)
1. àË_nG$ f^xg Gn$ M=lÌl{ G$ln @mYn zcLl`l{ G$ln í_l^mP= m` zaHYn G$r fxLYl
WnYl&
2. Wÿf`n f^xg Gn$ M=lÌl{ G$ln í_l^mP= m` zaHn @§dl{ G$ln m‹S=Yn G$r fxLYl WnYl&

77
LUvV© flnmlY…LUvV© flnmlY…LUvV© flnmlY…LUvV© flnmlY…----
f]q M=lÌl{ G$ln mx`n zce_ G$ln zaHYn G$r fxLYl WnYl&
m§L^ flnmlY…m§L^ flnmlY…m§L^ flnmlY…m§L^ flnmlY…----
m_l©c`T àWÿeT Gn$ f§}§X ^{ zcLl` f§I«gqU G$`Yn G$l mZ`_lnNYl G$l_© WnYl&
mÌ anHYmÌ anHYmÌ anHYmÌ anHY
(zG«$_lG$alm W²cl`l- Y^xYl-1)
d³izTG$ _lÌl Gn$ zaD DG$ gµNl` ém_n ^l±IUn gþD @mYn zmUlNq Gn$ Yl^ m`
DG$ mÌ zazH_n……
zWYl§G$…--------
ñVlY…---------
f§}lnXY
@z]clWY
zce_----------------------------------------
----------------------------------------------
----------------------------------------------
--------------------- ------------------------
----------------------------------------------
----------------------------------------------
fncl ^{,
---------------
---------------
àneG$,
---------------
---------------

78
zG«$_lGzG«$_lGzG«$_lGzG«$_lG$alm$alm$alm$alm----2222
d³izTG$ _lÌl Gn$ zaD DG$ gµNl` ém_n ^l±IUn gþD @mYn zmUlNq Gn$ Yl^ m`
DG$ mÌ zazH_n& (G$lnð=G$ Gn$ }lg` zW_n I_n zce_l{ Gn$ @lXl` m` mÌ G$r `LYl
G$rzN_n&
1. Af }l` clze©G$ m`qil ^{ @zXG$ @§G$ mlYn G$r Bå^qW g³&
2. mxÁ_ zmUlNq
3. g^l`n zcW²_la_ fn gan}qRv=,}nax`,^navG$lnP=n,kcT}naIlna @lzW ñVlYl{ Gn$
zaD àclf Nl `gn g¢&
4. @lmG$l/G$r /zà_ mvÌ/mvÌq
5. zWYl§G$

79
6. ^¢ _gl± fGv$da gÿ±& cgl± @lmG$r fGv$da LlgUl gÿ± / LlgUq gÿ±&
7. ^¢ ]q àlcf NlYl LlgUl& Uq gÿ± &
8. flW` àTl^
9. AfzaD ^vOn @lm DG$ gNl` ém_l{ G$ln D^. @ln. W²cl`l ]nN WqzN_n&
10. dne zcLl` @Ian mÌ m` &
11. ]lA© G$ln ^n`l ß_l` &
12. ^¢ Yn zcW²_la_ G$r f]q m`qil@l{ ^{ @ÀM=n @§G$ àlá zG$_n g¢&
13. ^¢ _gl± @ÀM=q U`g m‹S= `gl /`gq gÿ±&
@YvclW@YvclW@YvclW@YvclW…-
@YvclW Š_l g³> DG$ ]lel Gn$ ‘vËmzc]l`l{ G$ln Af`q ]lel ‘{ éml§UZ`U
G$`Yl @ldclW g³&
@YvclW dãW G$l dloãWG$ @VdãW G$l dloãWG$ @VdãW G$l dloãWG$ @VdãW G$l dloãWG$ @V© g³ ‘clW’ dãW f§ñG¥$U Gn$ ‘cW²’ XlUv fn
ì_vËmÞ g³, zNfG$l @V© glnUl g³³ ‘zcLl`’& @Yv BmfI© g³ zNfG$l ‘mqM=n’ @Vl©U
@YvclW G$l @V© g³ zG$fq Gn$ }lW G$gYl& Wÿf`n dãWl{ ^{ ^xa ]lel Gn$ zcLl` UVl
]lcl{ G$ln _VlcU Wÿf`q ]lel ^{ ñ$ml§UZ`U G$`Yl&
@YvclW Gn$ BW²Wní_…@YvclW Gn$ BW²Wní_…@YvclW Gn$ BW²Wní_…@YvclW Gn$ BW²Wní_…----
1. jlY G$l zcñUl` G$`Yl
2. Wÿf`n ]lzeG$ f^vWl_ Gn$ fl§ñG¥$zUG$ mZ`L_ G$ln àlá G$`Yl&
3. Wÿf`q ]lel ñcñ$m fn mZ`zLU glnYl&
4. ]lel m` à]vËc }‹S=lYl&
@YvclW G$r zczX_l±…@YvclW G$r zczX_l±…@YvclW G$r zczX_l±…@YvclW G$r zczX_l±…----
@YvclW Gn$ @YnG$ àG$l` g¢& ^lÜ_z^G$ ñU` Gn$ zcW²_lzV©_l{ G$r Ñzï= fnn _gl±
Wln àG$l`l{ G$ln $BëanH zG$_l I_l g³& cn g¢-

80
1. dãWlYvclW
2. ]lclYvclW
@YvclW @ä_lf àzG«$_l…-
dãWl{ Gn$ @YvclW àzG«$_l…- M=lÌl{ G$ln f^xgl{ ^{ zc]º$ G$`Gn$ mlQ²=_mvñUG$/
@Ý_ mvñUG$ Gn$ Gv$M= dãWl{ G$ln @YvclW G$`Gn$ }lnaYn Gn$ zaD fxLYl WnYl&
BWlg`TlV©…- @lIn, mqM=n, }qL, Wl_n, }l_n,G$l,G$r,Gn$,Yn, G$ln , ^{ m`,
}‹R=l, M=lnP=l,}‹S=Yl, glnYl HlYl, NlYl, m‹S=Yl , zaHYl, Xq`n, @lzgñUl, UnN,
Gv$Îll , Jln‹R=l, LqUl&
clŠ_l§dl{ Gn$ @YvclW @ä_lf àzG«$_lclŠ_l§dl{ Gn$ @YvclW @ä_lf àzG«$_lclŠ_l§dl{ Gn$ @YvclW @ä_lf àzG«$_lclŠ_l§dl{ Gn$ @YvclW @ä_lf àzG«$_l
@lIn NlYl, UnN zaHYl, NlYn m`, M=lnP=l NlWÿI`, Xq`n-Xq`n }‹S=Yl, zaHYn G$ln
clŠ_l{ Gn$ @YvclW @ä_lf àzG«$_l…-
Jln‹R=l Un‹N Wl³‹R=Ul g³&
`l^ Un‹N zaHUl g³&
}‹R=n-Jln‹R=nn m` fcl` G$`Yl @lflY Ygs g³&
glVq Xq`n-Xq`n LaUl g³&
@Ý_ zG«$_l@Ý_ zG«$_l@Ý_ zG«$_l@Ý_ zG«$_lG$alml{ Gn$ W²cl`l @ä_lf àzG«G$alml{ Gn$ W²cl`l @ä_lf àzG«G$alml{ Gn$ W²cl`l @ä_lf àzG«G$alml{ Gn$ W²cl`l @ä_lf àzG«$_l…$_l…$_l…$_l…----
G$Yl©P=G G$r `lNXlYq }{Iax` &
PÀ£ÁðlPÀ -------- gÁdzsÁ¤ ¨ÉAUÀ¼ÀÆgÀÄ
J` ^{ Ll` G$^`n g¢&
ªÀÄ£É ------------- PÉÆoÀrUÀ½ªÉ.
g^l`l zcW²_la_ g^l`n J` fn }gþU zYG$P= g³&
£ÀªÀÄä -------- vÀÄA¨Á ºÀwÛgÀ«zÉ.

81
zLÌ WnHG$` G$glYq `LYl&zLÌ WnHG$` G$glYq `LYl&zLÌ WnHG$` G$glYq `LYl&zLÌ WnHG$` G$glYq `LYl&
Afq àG$Afq àG$Afq àG$Afq àG$l` @Ý¶ zLÌl{ G$r fgl¶Ul fn zY}§X G$r `LYl G$`lA¶n&l` @Ý¶ zLÌl{ G$r fgl¶Ul fn zY}§X G$r `LYl G$`lA¶n&l` @Ý¶ zLÌl{ G$r fgl¶Ul fn zY}§X G$r `LYl G$`lA¶n&l` @Ý¶ zLÌl{ G$r fgl¶Ul fn zY}§X G$r `LYl G$`lA¶n&

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