Physiology of circulation

1. PHYSIOLOGY OF CIRCULATION
Rama Roy

2. BLOOD CIRCULATORY SYSTEM
 Also known as cardiovascular system
 Delivers nutrients and oxygen to all cells in the
body
 consists of the heart and the blood vessels running
through the entire body(arteries carrying blood
away from the heart and veins carrying it back to
the heart)

3. Two types of blood circulation in body, which are
connected:
1. Systemic circulation :Moves blood between the
heart and the rest of the body. Sends oxygenated
blood out to cells and returns deoxygenated blood
to the heart.
2. Pulmonary circulation : Moves blood between the
heart and the lungs. Transports deoxygenated
blood to the lungs and oxygenated blood then flows
back to the heart.

4. MECHANISM OF BLOOD CIRCULATION IN
MAMMALIAN

5.  Blood circulation starts when the heart relaxes
between two heartbeats
 Blood flows from both auricles (the upper two
chambers of the heart) into the ventricles (the lower
two chambers),
 Ventricles then expand
 The following phase is called the ejection period,
which is when both ventricles pump the blood into
the large arteries.
 left ventricle pumps oxygen-rich blood into the main
artery (aorta)

6.  Blood travels from the main artery to larger and
smaller arteries and into the capillary network
 There the blood drops off oxygen, nutrients and
other important substances and picks up carbon
dioxide and waste products
 Blood with low oxygen (deoxygenated blood) is
collected in veins and travels to the right atrium and
into the right ventricle.
 Systemic circulation completes and pulmonary
circulation begins.

7.  Right ventricle pumps low-oxygen blood into the
pulmonary artery, which branches off into smaller and
smaller arteries and capillaries.
 The capillaries form a fine network around the
pulmonary vesicles (grape-like air sacs at the end of the
airways
 Carbon dioxide is then released from the blood into the
air inside the pulmonary vesicles, and fresh oxygen
enters the bloodstream
 Oxygen-rich blood travels through the pulmonary veins
and the left atrium into the left ventricle
 The next heartbeat starts a new cycle of systemic
circulation and the phenomenon continues

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