For educational purposes only.

1. Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet,
consectetur adipiscing elit. Fusce
gravida tellus a eros gravida iaculis.
Nullam eget lorem rutrum,
condimentum libero quis, varius nulla.
Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet,
consectetur adipiscing elit. Fusce
gravida tellus a eros gravida iaculis.
Nullam eget lorem rutrum,
condimentum libero quis, varius nulla.

3. phospholipid
proteins

4. Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet,
consectetur adipiscing elit. Fusce
gravida tellus a eros gravida iaculis.
Nullam eget lorem rutrum,
condimentum libero quis, varius nulla.
Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet,
consectetur adipiscing elit. Fusce
gravida tellus a eros gravida iaculis.
Nullam eget lorem rutrum,
condimentum libero quis, varius nulla.
CONCEPT: BIOLOGICAL MEMBRANES
• Recall: ______________________ are amphipathic molecules & are the major component
of biological membranes.
⚬ Biological Membrane: phospholipid ____________ with other embedded
molecules (ex. proteins & cholesterol).
⚬ Also called _________ membrane or _______________ membrane.
• Fluid Mosaic Model: biological membranes are ____________ & a ______________ of
membrane-embedded proteins.
⚬ Comprised of 20-80% ________________ by mass that move laterally within the
cell membrane.

5. Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet,
consectetur adipiscing elit. Fusce
gravida tellus a eros gravida iaculis.
Nullam eget lorem rutrum,
condimentum libero quis, varius nulla.
Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet,
consectetur adipiscing elit. Fusce
gravida tellus a eros gravida iaculis.
Nullam eget lorem rutrum,
condimentum libero quis, varius nulla.
CONCEPT: BIOLOGICAL MEMBRANES
• Recall: __phospholipid____________________ are amphipathic molecules & are the major
component of biological membranes.
⚬ Biological Membrane: phospholipid __bilayer__________ with other embedded
molecules (ex. proteins & cholesterol).
⚬ Also called __cell_______ membrane or __plasma_____ membrane.
• Fluid Mosaic Model: biological membranes are _fluid___________ & a
__mosaic____________ of membrane-embedded proteins.
⚬ Comprised of 20-80% __protein______________ by mass that move laterally
within the cell membrane.

6. Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet,
consectetur adipiscing elit. Fusce
gravida tellus a eros gravida iaculis.
Nullam eget lorem rutrum,
condimentum libero quis, varius nulla.
CONCEPT: TYPES OF MEMBRANE PROTEINS
• Two main types of membrane-associated proteins:
1) Integral Membrane Proteins: ________________ within the cell membrane usually
spanning the entire bilayer.
2) Peripheral Membrane Proteins: proteins on the ________________ (or perimeter) of a cell
membrane.

7. Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet,
consectetur adipiscing elit. Fusce
gravida tellus a eros gravida iaculis.
Nullam eget lorem rutrum,
condimentum libero quis, varius nulla.
CONCEPT: TYPES OF MEMBRANE PROTEINS
• Two main types of membrane-associated proteins:
1) Integral Membrane Proteins: _integrated_______ within the cell membrane usually
spanning the entire bilayer.
2) Peripheral Membrane Proteins: proteins on the _____surface___________ (or perimeter)
of a cell membrane.

8. CONCEPT: INTRODUCTION TO MEMBRANE TRANSPORT
EXAMPLE: Selectively Permeable Biological Membranes.

9. CONCEPT: INTRODUCTION TO MEMBRANE TRANSPORT
EXAMPLE: Selectively Permeable Biological Membranes.
Integratal
Peripheral

10. Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet,
consectetur adipiscing elit. Fusce
gravida tellus a eros gravida iaculis.
Nullam eget lorem rutrum,
condimentum libero quis, varius nulla.
CONCEPT: INTRODUCTION TO MEMBRANE TRANSPORT
• Biological membranes are ________- permeable & can act as __________________ to
prevent diffusion of molecules.
⚬ Selectively Permeable (or semi-permeable): “__________” about what crosses
the membrane.
EXAMPLE: Selectively Permeable Biological Membranes.

11. Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet,
consectetur adipiscing elit. Fusce
gravida tellus a eros gravida iaculis.
Nullam eget lorem rutrum,
condimentum libero quis, varius nulla.
CONCEPT: INTRODUCTION TO MEMBRANE TRANSPORT
• Biological membranes are __semi______- permeable & can act as _barrier____ to
prevent diffusion of molecules.
⚬ Selectively Permeable (or semi-permeable): “_picky____” about what crosses
the membrane.

12. Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet,
consectetur adipiscing elit. Fusce
gravida tellus a eros gravida iaculis.
Nullam eget lorem rutrum,
condimentum libero quis, varius nulla.
CONCEPT: INTRODUCTION TO MEMBRANE TRANSPORT
EXAMPLE: Selectively Permeable Biological Membranes.
semi

13. CONCEPT: TYPES OF MEMBRANE PROTEINS
Which Molecules Freely Cross Membranes?
• Some molecules can freely diffuse across a membrane without facilitation from a
protein:

14. CONCEPT: TYPES OF MEMBRANE PROTEINS
Which Molecules Freely Cross Membranes?
• Some molecules can freely diffuse across a membrane without facilitation from a
protein:
smal
l
phobic
Canno
t
Charged

15. CONCEPT: PASSIVE VS. ACTIVE TRANSPORT
Two general types of molecular transport across biological membranes:
1) Passive Transport (no energy): transports molecules from a ___________ to ________
concentration.
2) Active Transport (requires energy): transports molecules from a ________ to a
___________ concentration.
EXAMPLE: Passive vs. Active Membrane Transport.

16. CONCEPT: PASSIVE VS. ACTIVE TRANSPORT
Two general types of molecular transport across biological membranes:
1) Passive Transport (no energy): transports molecules from a __high_________ to
__low______ concentration.
2) Active Transport (requires energy): transports molecules from a _low_______ to a
__high_________ concentration.
EXAMPLE: Passive vs. Active Membrane Transport.

17. CONCEPT: PASSIVE VS. ACTIVE TRANSPORT
EXAMPLE: Passive vs. Active Membrane Transport.

18. CONCEPT: PASSIVE VS. ACTIVE TRANSPORT
EXAMPLE: Passive vs. Active Membrane Transport.
Passive
high
lo
w
N
o
Requiring energy
Active

19. CONCEPT: SIMPLE & FACILITATED DIFFUSION
• Simple & facilitated diffusion are types of ________________ transport (______ energy).
1) ____________ Diffusion: simple & direct diffusion of small uncharged molecules through
a cell membrane.
2) Facilitated Diffusion: non-energetic diffusion of charged molecules facilitated by a
transport _____________.
EXAMPLE: Simple vs. Facilitated Diffusion.

20. CONCEPT: SIMPLE & FACILITATED DIFFUSION
• Simple & facilitated diffusion are types of __passive_______ transport (_No__ energy).
1) __Simple__________ Diffusion: simple & direct diffusion of small uncharged molecules
through a cell membrane.
2) Facilitated Diffusion: non-energetic diffusion of charged molecules facilitated by a
transport __protein___________.
EXAMPLE: Simple vs. Facilitated Diffusion.

21. CONCEPT: SIMPLE & FACILITATED DIFFUSION
EXAMPLE: Simple vs. Facilitated Diffusion.

22. CONCEPT: SIMPLE & FACILITATED DIFFUSION
EXAMPLE: Simple vs. Facilitated Diffusion.
Facilitated
uncharged ion
s

23. CONCEPT: OSMOSIS
• Osmosis: passive diffusion of a solvent (usually _____) across a semi-permeable
membrane.
• Direction of water flow depends on __________: relative concentration of ____________
dissolved in the solutions.
⚬ Hypotonic solutions have _______________ solute concentration.
⚬ Isotonic solutions have _______________ solute concentrations.
⚬ Hyper solutions have _______________ solute concentrations.
EXAMPLE: Label the tonicity of the outside solution with respect to the solution inside
the cell.

24. CONCEPT: OSMOSIS
• Osmosis: passive diffusion of a solvent (usually __water___) across a semi-
permeable membrane.
• Direction of water flow depends on __solute concentration________: relative
concentration of __solute__________ dissolved in the solutions.
⚬ Hypotonic solutions have ___lower____________ solute concentration.
⚬ Isotonic solutions have ___equal____________ solute concentrations.
⚬ Hypertonic solutions have ___higher____________ solute concentrations.
EXAMPLE: Label the tonicity of the outside solution with respect to the solution inside
the cell.

25. CONCEPT: OSMOSIS
EXAMPLE: Label the tonicity of the outside solution with respect to the solution inside
the cell.

26. CONCEPT: OSMOSIS
EXAMPLE: Label the tonicity of the outside solution with respect to the solution inside
the cell.
Hypotonic Isotoni
c
Hypertonic
no net movement

27. CONCEPT: OSMOSIS
Environmental Tonicity Affects Cells

28. CONCEPT: ACTIVE TRANSPORT
• What type of transport is represented by the
following picture? _______________________
• What energy is being used? ______________
• In which direction (concentration gradient), is
the movement occurring? _________________

29. CONCEPT: ACTIVE TRANSPORT
• What type of transport is represented by the
following picture? ____Active
transport___________________
• What energy is being used? ___ATP___________
• In which direction (concentration gradient), is
the movement occurring? ____low to
high_____________

30. CONCEPT: ACTIVE TRANSPORT
One type of active transport is called
the ________________ pump which helps
muscle cells contract. This pump uses
___________ to move ions __________ the
concentration gradient. The type of
protein that is used to pump the ions
through is called a ____________ protein
and it changes its __________ to move
the ions across the cell membrane.

31. CONCEPT: ACTIVE TRANSPORT
One type of active transport is called
the __sodium-potassium______________
pump which helps muscle cells
contract. This pump uses
__ATP_________ to move ions
___against_______ the concentration
gradient. The type of protein that is
used to pump the ions through is
called a __carrier__________ protein and
it changes its _shape_________ to move
the ions across the cell membrane.

32. CONCEPT: ENDOCYTOSIS & EXOCYTOSIS
• Large biomolecules (ex. proteins, carbohydrates, DNA) are too ___________ to diffuse
through membranes or channels.
⚬ Instead, macromolecules are transported across cell membranes via
endocytosis and/or exocytosis.

33. CONCEPT: ENDOCYTOSIS & EXOCYTOSIS
• Large biomolecules (ex. proteins, carbohydrates, DNA) are too __big_________ to
diffuse through membranes or channels.
⚬ Instead, macromolecules are transported across cell membranes via
endocytosis and/or exocytosis.

34. Endocytosis Allows Entry to the Cell
________________: macromolecule engulfment by the cell membrane, allowing _________ into
the cell via a lipid vesicle.
Three main types of endocytosis:
1) __________________: large, solid material is taken in by endocytosis (cell “_____________”).
2) __________________: small, liquid material taken in by endocytosis (cell “_____________”).
3) Receptor-Mediated-Endocytosis: specific form of pinocytosis using ________________
proteins.

35. Endocytosis Allows Entry to the Cell
___Endocytosis_____________: macromolecule engulfment by the cell membrane, allowing
___exit___ into the cell via a lipid vesicle.
Three main types of endocytosis:
1) ___Phagocytosis_____: large, solid material is taken in by endocytosis (cell “__eating___”).
2) __Pinocytosis_____: small, liquid material taken in by endocytosis (cell “___drinking___”).
3) Receptor-Mediated-Endocytosis: specific form of pinocytosis using _receptor____
proteins.

36. Exocytosis Allows Exiting from the Cell
__________________: vesicle fusion with a cell
membrane, allowing its contents to ________ the
cell to the extracellular space.
• Hormones, neurotransmitters, & digestive
enzymes are all examples of molecules that
undergo exocytosis.
EXAMPLE: Exocytosis of Hormone Signaling
Molecules.

37. Exocytosis Allows Exiting from the Cell
__Exocytosis_______: vesicle fusion with a cell
membrane, allowing its contents to _exit_ the
cell to the extracellular space.
• Hormones, neurotransmitters, & digestive
enzymes are all examples of molecules that
undergo exocytosis.
EXAMPLE: Exocytosis of Hormone Signaling
Molecules.

38. • The class will be divided into three (3) groups. Each group will be assigned one
stage of cellular respiration.
• Task: Role-play the steps in each stage of cellular respiration. A few
guidelines:
• You don’t need to include all the steps in the role-play. Only include the
highlights.
• Make sure to emphasize the inputs and outputs.
• Be creative.
• Duration: 5-7 minutes
• Use the English language
• Your performance will be graded using a rubric.
• Performance date: Thursday