This article analyzes the association between polymorphisms in the TNF-α and IFN-Y genes and the susceptibility and severity of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). The study found that SLE patients had significantly higher levels of TNF-α and IFN-Y in the plasma compared to healthy controls. Additionally, polymorphisms in the TNF-α and IFN-Y genes were detected and increased the susceptibility of individuals to acquire SLE, though they did not affect the severity of disease symptoms. There are factors like ethnic origin and genetic and epigenetic interactions that could produce changes in the results, and TNF-α and IFN-Y could be excellent pharmacological targets for SLE treatment.

1. Juan José Cano Fernández
Valeria Guerra Espinosa

2. Recent researchs support the important role
of the cytokine genes in autoimmune
diseases, high serum levels of TNF-alfa and
IFN- gamma wich are a very important pro-
inflammatory citokines have been reported in
SLE a complex disease that causes a high
rate of mortality worldwide.

3.  Is a prototypic autoinmune complex disease
which is characterized by excessive
production of autoantibodies against a broad
range of self-antigens.
 For SLE diagnosis, the patient must satisfy at
least 4 criteria accordin to the SLE
classification

5. Polymorphism is the occurrence of two or
more clearly different morphs or forms, also
referred to as alternative phenotypes, in the
population of a species.
 Is the variation of a gene in a population

6.  Is a cell signaling
protein (cytokine)
involved in systemic
inflammation and is
one of the cytokines
that make up the acute
phase reaction.

7.  the regulation of immune cells
 endogenous pyrogeninduce fever
 apoptotic cell death
 inflammation
 inhibit tumorigenesis and
 viral replication
 respond to sepsis via IL1 & IL6

8.  Interferon gamma is a
cytokine that is the
only member of the
type II class of
interferons. The
existence of this
interferon, which early
in its history was
known as immune
interferon

9.  innate and adaptive immunity against viral,
bacterial and protozoal infections.
 activator of macrophages and
 inducer of Class II MHC

10. Polymorphisms
TNF- α IFN-Y
-308
G>A
+874
A>T
SLE

11. This article is based on finding how the
TNF-alfa and IFN-gamma are associated with
immune factors especially in the systemic
lupus erythematosus (SLE) and if this genes
polymorphism could affect the susceptibility
and severity of the diasease.

12. •72 Mujeres
•53 Hombres
•23.4 ± 4.4
años
125
PACIENTES
CON LES
(LN)
•66 Mujeres
•46 Hombres
•28.3± 6.2 años
112
PACIENTES
SALUDABLES
Centro de urología y
nefrología, universidad
Mansoura ,Egipto.
Diagnostico de los
pacientes: criterios de LES
de la Universidad
Americana de
Reumatología
237 PACIENTES
EN TOTAL

13. CLASIFICACION DE LUPUS
NEFRITICO
CLASE I
Glomérulo
normal
0 casos
CLASE II
Enfermedad
mensagial
pura
8 casos
CLASE III CLASE IV CLASE V
Glomerulonefr
itis
membranosa
Glomerulonefritis
proliferativa local
Glomerulonefri
tis proliferativa
difusa
4 casos88 casos25 casos
Evaluar la
severidad del LN

14. 1. Lisis celular de glóbulos rojos
2. Lisis nuclear
3. Precipitación de ADN
4. Precipitación de proteínas
5. Almacenamiento de ADN

15. Amplificación
directa de un
gen o un
fragmento de
DNA
Incremento del
numero de copias de
una secuencia
particular de DNA
1. Desnaturalización
2. Hibridación con un
Primer
3. Síntesis por la DNA
polimerasa
TNF-α G
TNF-α A
INF-γ T
INF-γ A

17. ARMSSistema de mutación refractaria a la
amplificación
 Es un método ideal simple para detectar
cambios simples en las bases o pequeñas
delaciones

18. RESULTADOS

19. TNF-α
El polimorfismo se
detecto a 184Pb.

20. IFN-Y
El polimorfismo se
detecto a 263PB

21. Casos con LES mostraron aumento significativo de TNF-
Y IFN- plasmático en comparación con los controles
Debido a la alta
frecuencia de
genotipos
heterocigotos
los genotipos
homocigóticos no
mostraron diferencia
significativa

22. Author What they said Yes No
Guarniso-zuccardi et
al
Individuals that
carrying TNF-α -308ª,
risk allele were
significantly
associated with SLE in
European, South
American and Mexican
subjets but was not
associated with SLE in
Asian and African
subjects
X
Kim et al Analysis of the
relationship between
the IFN-Y +874 A>T
SNP and susceptibility
to SLE.
x

23. The polymorphisms in TNF-α and INF-Y genes
increase the susceptibility of individuals to acquire
systemic erythematosus lupus
 The polymorphisms in TNF-α and INF-Y genes doesn’t
generate alteration on the severity disease symptoms.
 There are factors like different ethnic origin, diverse
genetic and epigenetic interaction that could produce
changes in the results.
 The TNF-α and INF-Y could be a excellent
pharmacology target for the SLE treatment.