3. WEX 2015 February 23-25 Istambul
Efficient pretreatments.
Development of simpler and more effective pretreatment
systems.
• DAFF
• DAF + energy-efficient ultrafiltration.
Membrane fouling monitoring for operational optimization.
• Development of biofouling sensors for the optimization of RO and UF cleaning sequences.
• Developments on advanced control strategies.
Screens DAF Ultrafitration Reverse
Osmosis
4. WEX 2015 February 23-25 Istambul
Efficient RO process
New developments on energy recovery devices.
Low energy configuration and internal stage design.
New developments on RO membranes: New materials.
• TFC: New monomers.
PTC (Pyridine-2,4,6-tricarbonyl trichloride) SDADPS (Sulfonated poly(arylene ether sulfone) containing
sulfonic acid and amino groups.
• Nanocomposite membranes:
Biomimetic membranes
(aquaporin).
Graphene membranes.
5. WEX 2015 February 23-25 Istambul
Low energy configuration and internal stage
design.
Adelaide, Australia
Capacity: 300,000 m3/day
6. WEX 2015 February 23-25 Istambul
New developments on RO membranes:
Aquaporin based biomimetic membranes.
TFC aquaporin-based biomimetic membrane by
interfacial polymerization method, where
aquaporin-Z containing proteoliposomes were
added to aqueous MPD solution.
Good mechanical stability when tested up to 10 bar
under RO conditions.
High water permeability (4.0 L/m2 h bar).
Test Conditions:
• NaCl rejection: 97%.
• P= 5 bar, 10mM NaCl Zhao, Y. et al. Journal of Membrane Science
423–424 (2012) 422–428
7. WEX 2015 February 23-25 Istambul
New developments on RO membranes:
Graphene nanocomposite membranes.
Membrane separation mechanism based
on two-dimensional channels formed
between the stacked between GO layers
deposited on TFC.
Goh and Ismail, Desalination. 356(2015) 115-128.
Performance of functionalized nanoporous
graphene versus existing desalination
technologies.
Cohen-Tanugi, D. Nano Letters 12-7(2012)3602-3608
8. WEX 2015 February 23-25 Istambul
Forward Osmosis Desalination.
• The draw regeneration process has a significant energetic disadvantage.
• FO process is not intended to replace RO.
• Applications:
• It appears best for forward osmosis research to focus fully on high salinity
applications (minery, oil & gas, shale gas, brine concentration).
• Applications that do not require draw regeneration, where reverse osmosis
cannot compete.
• FO for wastewater treatment and reuse?
McGovern, Lienhard; Journal of Membrane Sci. 469 (2014) 245–250
www.oasyswater.com
Comparison of two pass reverse osmosis with
forward osmosis assuming 47% efficiency for the
first RO pass and for draw regeneration.
(35,000ppm, NaClfeed at 50% recovery).
9. WEX 2015 February 23-25 Istambul
Membrane distillation
0% 1
10%
20%
30%
40%
50%
60%
70%
80%
90%
1.5
2
3
5
10
RO
MED/
MSF
100%
Recovery Ratio Concentration Factor
Input Feed Concentration NaCl at 200 C
0 40.000 80.000 120.000 160.000 200.000 240.000 280.000 320.000 TDS mg/l
memsys
VMEMD
A
B
Achieves recovery rates resulting
in brine concentrations close to
saturation.
Maximum achievable RR
decreases with higher salt content
of feed.
Thermal evaporation/condensation process in which
a hydrophobic membrane separates liquid from
vapour phases.
Temperature difference is the driving force.
No droplet separator needed.
www.memsys.eu
10. WEX 2015 February 23-25 Istambul
Conclusions
In seawater desalination, Reverse Osmosis is the
leading market technology.
Seawater desalination is economical Today and will
become even more cost-competitive in the future.
Long-medium term investment in R&D has the
potential to reduce the cost of desalinated water in
the next 10 Years.
FO or MD processes are not intended to replace RO.
These are suitable for high TDS contents.
11. WEX 2015 February 23-25 Istambul
jorgejuan.malfeito.sanchez@acciona.com