PSY1012

1. Chapter 12
Personality
Coon, Introduction to Psychology, 15th Edition. © 2019 Cengage. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or
posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part.

2. Coon, Introduction to Psychology, 15th Edition. © 2019 Cengage. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or
posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part.
Gateway Theme
Personality refers to the consistency we
see in personal behavior patterns.
Measures of personality reveal individual
differences and help predict future
behavior.

3. Coon, Introduction to Psychology, 15th Edition. © 2019 Cengage. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or
posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part.
Gateway Questions
• How do psychologists use the term personality?
• Can personality be measured?
• Are some personality traits more basic than others?
• How do psychodynamic theories explain personality?
• What are humanistic theories of personality?
• What do behaviorists and social learning theorists emphasize in their
approach to personality?
• How do heredity and environment affect personality?
• How can leadership skills help me in my personal and professional life?

4. Coon, Introduction to Psychology, 15th Edition. © 2019 Cengage. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or
posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part.
Traits and Types

5. Coon, Introduction to Psychology, 15th Edition. © 2019 Cengage. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or
posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part.
Self-Concept and Self-Esteem

6. Coon, Introduction to Psychology, 15th Edition. © 2019 Cengage. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or
posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part.
The Whole Human: Personality Theories
Table 12.1 Comparison of Personality Theories
Trait Theories
Psychoanalytic
Theory
Humanistic Theories
Behaviorist and Social
Learning Theories
Role of inheritance (genetics) Maximized Stressed Minimized Minimized
Role of environment Recognized Recognized Maximized Maximized
View of human nature Neutral Negative Positive Neutral
Is behavior free or determined? Determined Determined Free will Determined
Principal motives Depends on one’s traits Sex and aggression Self-actualization Drives of all kinds
Personality structure Traits Id, ego, superego Self Habits, expectancies
Role of unconscious Minimized Maximized Minimized Practically nonexistent
Conception of conscience Traits of honesty, etc. Superego Ideal self, valuing process Self-reinforcement, punishment
history
Developmental emphasis Combined effects of
heredity and environment
Psychosexual stages Development of self-image Critical learning situations,
identification, and imitation
Barriers to personal growth Unhealthy traits Unconscious conflicts,
Fixations
Conditions of worth, incongruence Maladaptive habits, unhealthy
environment

7. Coon, Introduction to Psychology, 15th Edition. © 2019 Cengage. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or
posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part.
Interviews

8. Coon, Introduction to Psychology, 15th Edition. © 2019 Cengage. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or
posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part.
Direct Observation and Rating Scales
Sample rating scale items

9. Coon, Introduction to Psychology, 15th Edition. © 2019 Cengage. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or
posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part.
Personality Questionnaires
MMPI-2 profiles

10. Coon, Introduction to Psychology, 15th Edition. © 2019 Cengage. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or
posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part.
Projective Tests of Personality
The Thematic Apperception Test

11. Coon, Introduction to Psychology, 15th Edition. © 2019 Cengage. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or
posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part.
Predicting Behavior and Classifying Traits
Eysenck’s two-factor theory of personality

12. Coon, Introduction to Psychology, 15th Edition. © 2019 Cengage. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or
posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part.
The Big Five

13. Coon, Introduction to Psychology, 15th Edition. © 2019 Cengage. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or
posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part.
The Structure of Personality
Freud’s levels of consciousness

14. Coon, Introduction to Psychology, 15th Edition. © 2019 Cengage. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or
posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part.
The Dynamics of Personality

15. Coon, Introduction to Psychology, 15th Edition. © 2019 Cengage. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or
posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part.
Personality Development

16. Coon, Introduction to Psychology, 15th Edition. © 2019 Cengage. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or
posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part.
The Neo-Freudians

17. Coon, Introduction to Psychology, 15th Edition. © 2019 Cengage. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or
posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part.
Maslow and Self-Actualization

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posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part.
Carl Rogers’s Self Theory
Incongruence vs. congruence

19. Coon, Introduction to Psychology, 15th Edition. © 2019 Cengage. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or
posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part.
Humanistic View of Development

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posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part.
How Situations Affect Behavior and the
Importance of Habits

21. Coon, Introduction to Psychology, 15th Edition. © 2019 Cengage. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or
posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part.
Social Learning Theory

22. Coon, Introduction to Psychology, 15th Edition. © 2019 Cengage. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or
posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part.
Behaviorist View of Development

23. Coon, Introduction to Psychology, 15th Edition. © 2019 Cengage. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or
posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part.
Do We Inherit Personality?

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posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part.
Personality and Environment