Group Social group work Characteristics Objectives Principles Skills Process

1. SOCIAL GROUPWORK
MODULE 1

2. GROUP
• A social group can be defined as any two or
more people in social interaction who share
expectations and responsibilities to the group
and who share unifying characteristic or sense of
purpose.

3. • A group can be defined as two or more humans who
interact with one another, accept expectations and
obligations as members of the group, and share a
common identity.

4. SOCIAL GROUP WORK- DEFINITION
• According to Murphy, “Social group work is a
method of social work that helps persons to
enhance their social functioning through
purposeful group experiences and to scope more
effectively with their personal, group and
community problems”.

5. • According to Trecker, “Group work is a method
through which individuals in groups in social agency
settings are helped by a worker who guides their
interactions in programme activities so that they may
relate themselves to others and experiences growth
opportunities in accordance with their needs and
capacities to the end of individual, group and
community development”.

6. • According to KONOPKA(1963) Social group work is a
method of social work which helps individuals to
enhance their social functioning through purposeful
group experience and to cope more effectively with
thier personal, group or community problems

7. SOCIAL GROUP WORK - OBJECTIVES
• To teach the individual to live & work together and participate in
the group activities for their intellectual,emotional& physical
growth.
• To develop individual personality& behaviour by using different
group work process
• To give opportunity to them who have potentiality, worth and
dignity of leadership
• To prepare the individuals to learn and share the values of
democracy.

8. • To make best use of leisure time
• To learn division of labour & specialization of role
• To provide suitable task to the individual according to her/his
skill, knowledge and interest
• To widen ones horizon
• To prepare people for social change
• To apply group therapy in need of physical, mental and
emotional adjustment

9. SOCIAL GROUP WORK - CHARACTERISTICS
• Group work practiced by group itself
• It is based on humanitarian philosophy
• It gives aspiration to help each other
• Group work provides more information and more skill.
• It develop human personality
• To know the available resource of the group.
• Aims at developing leadership.

10. TRECKER’S 10 PRINCIPLES OF SOCIAL
GROUP WORK
• 1. The Principle of Planned Group Formation
• Group is the basic unit through which the service is provided to
the individual.
• The agency and worker has to consider and plan the purpose,
nature and opportunities available well before the group is
formed.

11. • 2. The Principle of Specific Objectives
• Specific objectives for individual as well as group development
must be consciously formulated by the worker in harmony with
group wishes and capacities and in keeping with agency
function

12. • 3. The Principle of Purposeful Worker Group
Relationship
• A consciously purposeful relationship must be established
between the worker and the group members based on the
worker‘s acceptance of the group members as they are and
upon the groups willingness to accept help from the worker
because of the confidence the members have in him and in the
agency.

13. • 4. The Principle of Continuous Individualization
• In group work it is recognized that groups are different and
that individuals utilize group experience in a variety of ways to
meet their differing needs; consequently, continuous
individualization must be practiced by the worker. Groups and
individuals in the group must be understood as developing and
changing.

14. • 5. The Principle of Guided Group Interaction
• In group work the primary source of energy which propels the
group and influences the individuals to change are the
interaction and reciprocal responses of the members. The
group worker influence this interaction by the type and the
quality of participation

15. • 6. The Principle of Democratic Group Self
Determination
• In group work the group must be helped to make its own
decisions and determine its own activities, taking the maximum
amount of responsibility in line with the capacity and ability.
The primary source of control over the group is the group itself

16. • 7. The Principle of Flexible Functional Organization
• In group work, the group worker guides the group by setting
up an organization to meet the group needs. The organization
thus established should be understood by the group members,
should be flexible and encouraged only if it meets the felt need
of the members. The organization should be adaptive and
should change as the group changes.

17. • 8. The Principle of Progressive Programme
Experiences
• In social group work, the program experiences in which the
group engages should begin at the level of the member
interest, need, experience and competence and should
progress in relation to the developing capacity of the group.

18. • 9. The Principle of Resource Utilization
• In social group work, the total environment of the agency and
the community possess resources which should be utilized to
enrich the content of group experience for individuals and for
the group

19. • 10. The Principle of Evaluation
• In social group work, continuous evaluation of process and
programmes in terms of outcomes is essential. Worker, group
and agency share in this procedure as a means of guaranteeing
this greatest possible self fullfilment

20. SKILLS OF SOCIAL GROUP WORK
Trecker has listed the following basic skills of social group work.
1.Skill in Establishing Purposeful Relationship
2..Skill in Analysing the Group Situation
3.Skill in Participation with the Group
4.Skill in Dealing with Group Feeling
5.Skill in Programme Development
6.Skill in Using Agency and Community Resources
7.Skill in Evaluation

21. 1.Skill in Establishing Purposeful Relationship
a) The group worker must be skillful in gaining the acceptance of
the group and in relating himself to the group on a positive
professional basis.
b) The group worker must be skillful in helping individuals in the
group to accept one another and to join with the group in
common pursuits.

22. • 2.Skill in Analysing the Group Situation
a) The worker must be skillful in judging the developmental level of the
group to determine what the level is, what the group needs and how
quickly the group can be expected to move. This calls for skill in direct
observation of groups on a basis of analysis and judgment.
b) The group worker must be skillful in helping the group to express
ideas, work out objectives, clarify immediate goals and see both its
potentialities and limitations as a group.

23. • 3.Skill in Participation with the Group
a) The group worker must be skillful in determining,
interpreting, assuming and modifying his own roles with the
group.
b) The group worker must be skillful in helping, group members
to participate, to locate leadership among them and to take
responsibility for their own activities.

24. • 4. Skill in Dealing with Group Feeling
a) The group worker must be skilful in controlling his own
feelings about the group and must study each new situation with
a high degree of objectivity.
b) The group worker must be skillful in helping groups to release
their own feelings, both positive and negative. He must be
skillful in helping groups to analyze situations as part of the
working through group or intergroup conflicts.

25. • 5.Skill in Programme Development
a) The group worker must be skillful in guiding group thinking
so that interests and needs will be revealed and understood.
b) The group worker must be skillful in helping groups to
develop programmes, which they want as a means through which
their needs may be met.

26. • 6. Skill in Using Agency and Community Resources
a) The group worker must be skillful in locating and then
acquainting the group with various helpful resources which can
be utilized by the members for programme purpose.
b) The group worker must be skillful in helping certain individual
members to make use of specialized services by means of
referral that cannot be met within the group.

27. • 7.Skill in Evaluation
a) The group worker must have skill in recording the
development processes that are going on as he works with the
group.
b) The group worker must be skillful in using his records and in
helping the group to review its experiences as a means of
improvement.

28. GROUP WORK PROCESS
• Intake
• Study
• Objectives
• Goal setting
• Intervention strategies
• Evaluation