2. Overview
1. First, how significant was this typhoon?
2. Why do typhoons occur where they do?
• And what is a typhoon, anyway?
3.What about the damaged areas of the Philippines
influenced the level of destruction?
4.What kind of socio-cultural conditions play a role in
the long-term resiliency and recovery in the areas
damaged by the typhoon?
10. • Tropical cyclones
typhoon
giant heat engines
low pressure center
Coriolis Effect
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=mcPs_OdQOYU
5º to 15º N
or S
11. Source: National Weather Service. JetStream-OnlineSchool for Weather. [accessed on December 8, 2013].
12. As “giant heat engines” that take sensible and latent heat from
warm seas to air, where are we most likely to find warm moist air?
13. This map from the NOAA EnvironmentalVisualization Laboratory shows the amount of heat
energy available toTyphoon Haiyan between Oct. 28 and Nov. 3. Darker purple indicates more
available energy. Typhoons gain their strength by drawing heat out of the ocean.The path of
the storm is marked with the black line in the center of the image.
Source: NOAAVisualization Laboratory via NPR
14.
15. •Location propensity
•Lies in “Typhoon Isle” - Ave. 15 to 18 typhoons a
year
•Low-lying, mountains, narrow coasts on the islands
located
16. The funnel effect can be seen more closely at this scale.
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=8SH5fhGYCm0 for an illustration; and
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=rS0gv4Xbw7w for the real thing!
19. -This map shows the
affected area by
providing information
of “exposure” in
victim population and
housing destruction.
-Marginal socio-
cultural conditions as
to geographical
location, socially, and
politically
20. Source: Bradshaw et al. 2013. Contemporary World
Geography. Chapter 6. McGraw-Hill .
• Size of Arizona
• 100 million, 12th. The median Filipino is 23 years old, compare to 37 of U.S.
• Last year’s economic growth was 6.8%, 2nd to China.
• Suffers from pockets of poverty and from endemic corruption (34 of CPI)
• Lowland
population
that are
marginal, poor,
and voiceless
in political
process.
• The Visayas –
Cebu, Bohol,
Singujor,
Negros, Leytes
21. - Can this be done in the Philippines?
• Lessen the impact by modifying the location (move away to lesser impact
area)
-With this case, can this be done? How?
• Modifying design of human settlements and structures (engineering ; design)
- In what ways can this be done? How? In what ways could it be done if more resources were
provided?
• Offset the impact (relief and reconstruction)
- what might be a drawback in this?
22. Are any of this easy? The lessons from Katrina
(2005) show us the challenges.
•Natural Hazard Emergence Planning
• Cultural Change
23.
24. the most devastating storms
•Locational propensity of the Central Philippines
physical landscape
•Natural Hazard Emergence Planning is essential in the long-
term resiliency and recovery of impacted areas/communities
of the Philippines and other traditional societies (#18-22).
26. Web resources
• http://spaceplace.nasa.gov/hurricanes/en/
• http://www.oxfam.org/sites/www.oxfam.org/files/bn-typhoon-haiyan-philippines-response-
071213-en.pdf
• http://science.howstuffworks.com/nature/natural-disasters/hurricane2.htm
• http://www.npr.org/2013/11/11/244572227/why-typhoon-haiyan-caused-so-much-damage
• http://blogs.wsj.com/searealtime/2013/11/21/timeline-following-the-path-of-typhoon-haiyan-
and-beyond/
• http://www.washingtonpost.com/blogs/worldviews/wp/2013/11/15/8-maps-that-explain-why-
typhoon-haiyan-hit-the-philippines-so-hard/
• http://www.nytimes.com/interactive/2013/11/11/world/asia/typhoon-haiyan-map.html?_r=0
• http://www.csmonitor.com/World/Global-News/2013/1115/By-the-numbers-Typhoon-Haiyan-
s-human-toll-property-damage-and-aid-pledges
• http://www.nc-climate.ncsu.edu/edu/k12/.lsheat
“Typhoon Haiyan was one of the most devastating storms to hit land. WhereTyphoon Haiyan occurs is due to its locational
propensity for typhoons, as well as the physical landscape that influenced the level of destruction. In particular , the pre-existing
socio-cultural conditions plays significant roles. In the long-term resiliency and recovery , cultural change is required for the
impacted areas/communities of the Philippines.”
Editor's Notes
Good afternoon, everyone. How is everyone doing? It’s cold out there.
On November 8 4am, super typhoon Haiyan made landfall hitting the central Philippines. Typhoon Haiyan’s landfall had sustained winds sweeping through the area, leaving devastating, massive destruction – what you are seeing from this photo. Event like such is an important human experience in general impacting environmental condition but also thus, we need to know what is going on. Geogaphic approach has its unique way to examine, investigate, and analyze providing a synthetic understanding thus offer a solution
Tacolban, a city located on Leytes Island, is perhaps the most reported place by the media, is shown on this ASTER advanced - spaceborne thermal emission and reflection radiometer
A typhoon is often associated with three manifestations: strong wind, ferocious wave, and torrential rainfall. This map shows the path taken by Typhoon Haiyan. A low pressure area develops at the este of the Pacific Islands of Micronesia on November 2, Saturday, the week before. Then upgraded to tropical storm on November 4.
Nov. 7 – Typhoon Haiyan entered the Philippines at a speed of 33 km per hr, headed toward the Eastern Visayas. The storm carried maximum studtained winds of 215 kph. Government recommended pre-emptive evacuations for residents in low lying, mountains, and coastal areas.
Nov. 8 – Typhoon Haiyan made its first landfall in Guiuan,
The Saffir-Simpson Scale is a categorical classification of hurricanes based on their wind speed, used by the U.S. government’s National Hurricane Center.
Cat 1 = sustained winds 74-95 mph
Cat 2 = sustained winds 96-110 mph
Cat 3 =111-129
Cat 4 = 130-156 mph
Cat 5 =greater than 156mph
As of yesterday, the death toll from Typhoon Haiyan rises to almost 6000 and many are still missing.
12 million people have been affected by the storm that hit a month ago
US. Military spent $32 million on recovery aid; USAID is till providing food
Hurricanes, cyclones, and typhoons are all the same weather phenomenon. Scientists just call these storms different things depending on where they occur.
In the Atlantic and northern Pacific, the sotrms are called “hurricanes’ after the Caribean god of evil, named hurricane.
In the northwest Pacific, the same powerful storms are called typhoons, In the southeastern Indian Ocean and southwestern Pacific, they are called “severe tropical cyclones.”
I a hurricane’s winds reach speeds of 74 miles per hour.
If a hurricane’s winds reach speeds of 111 mile per hour, it is upgraded to an “intense hurricane.”
If a typhoon hits 150 miles per hour, then it becomes a super typhoon.
Formation
Begins over warm water and in humid air bet 5 to 15 degree N in the Pacific Ocean
As warm air rises from the surface of the water, less air is left and a low pressure area develops.
This area of low pressure pulls in the air around it.
As the air comes in, it warms up and begins to rise.
Clouds begin to from as the air cools because of its elevation and soon the system begins to rotate.
If conditions are favorable, especially the temperature of the water, then the system grows and eventually an eye will form.
If the water temperature drops below 79 degrees Fahrenheit, the storm will weaken.
The typhoon will also dissiplate if it moves over land.
What is a typhoon – an extremely large, powerful, and destructive storm that occurs especially in the region of the Philippines or the China Sea.
A typhoon is a mature tropical cyclone that develops in the western part of the North Pacific Ocean bet 180 and 100E – Northwest Pacific Basin.
Low land Christian Filipino, including Cebuano in Visalays vs. upland tribes
Livelihood of farming
The affected area
The Philippines has more than 7,100 islands spead over 116,000 sq miles. A bit more territory than Arizona between the far western Pacific and the South China Sea.
100 million people, 12th globally and young. The median age is 23 vs. US. 37.
The Lowland Christian Population – 90%. Although in Metro Manila, Cebuanos, whose langauge was the principle one in the Cisayan Island area, inhabited by Cebu, Bohol, Siqujor, Negros, leytes
Moving to upper land where tribe people live? Small spatial extent
Relief – the affected area was inaccessbile until Nov. 11. Access to typhoon-hit areas remains a major challenge
Upper land tribe people vs. lowland Christian Filipinos
The rehabilitation policy set up by the authorities that vary in time and space.
