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Confirming the Documented Graminous Host Range for Sugarcane Aphid
- 1. Confirming the Documented Graminous Host Range for Sugarcane Aphid Gregory Bryan Wilson Dr. David L. Kerns Louisiana State University Sorghum – Sugarcane Aphid Research Exchange Meeting New Orleans, LA January 7 – 8, 2016
- 2. Objective Identify, verify, and expand upon documented graminous hosts for Melanaphis sacchari Zehntner.
- 3. Materials & Methods Literature review • Identified 13 plant genera, 17 species Container study • No-choice for 35 grass species • Growth chamber (13:11, 27º C, 70% RH) • 6 containers with 4-5 plants ea. • Infested with approx. 200 aphid isolates • 3-5 leaf stage • Counts at 2 DAI, 7 DAI, and 14 DAI
- 4. Results for 18 spp. Persistent populations of 30-150 aphids per plant: • Pearl millet - Pennisetum glaucum L. • Sorghum - Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench • Johnson grass - Sorghum halepense (L.) Pers. • Broom corn - Sorghum arundinaceum (Desv.) Stapf • Sudangrass - Sorghum drummondii (Steud.) Millsp. & Chase –
- 5. Results for 18 spp. Non-persistent populations of 5-30 aphids per plant: • Large crabgrass - Digitaria sanguinalis - • Jungle rice - Echinochloa column L. • Barnyardgrass - Echinochloa crus-galli (L.) P. Beauv. • Japanese millet - Echinochloa esculenta (A. Braun) H. Scholz • Napiergrass - Pennisetum purpureum Shumach. • Sugarcane - Saccharum officinarum L. • Corn - Zea mays L.
- 6. Results for 18 spp. SCA failed to feed on: • Oats - Avena sativa L. • Rye - Secale cereale L. • Wheat - Triticum aestivum L. • Rough barnyardgrass - Echinochloa muricata (Beauv.) Fern. • Annual ryegrass - Lolium multiflorum L. • Switchgrass - Panicum virgatum L.
- 7. Discussion Literature • Other than on Sorghum and Sugarcane, most lit. was observational not scientific • Unclear nomenclature and pest / host identification Grass Hosts • Poaceae PACMAD (C4) clade vs. BOP (C3) clade • Not all documented grasses match results of no-choice tests • SCA impacting cool season crops is unlikely.
- 8. Thank you Questions? Feel free to contact Greg Wilson at gbwilson@agcenter.lsu.edu