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eelloo.nl
A basket case
Using baskets and verification in unproctored testing
Jozien Silvester
Liesbeth van Leeuwen
Jelle Geertsma
WAOP Presentation 25 november 2016
eelloo.nl
Unproctored testing
• Stakes are high in selection
• Possibility of cheating
• Proctoring not always possible or efficient
• Benefits for candidates of unproctored testing:
time and place of choice
eelloo.nl
Unproctored testing
• Validity proctored /unproctored equal if:
• Informing candidates about optimal test conditions
• Taking measures to prevent fraud
• Items that measure reasoning (fluid)
• Time limit
• Basket method
eelloo.nl
Basket method
• Large item bank
• Items of equal difficulty are placed in a basket
• Item is randomly picked from basket
• Same number of baskets for every candidate
• Four subtests: Figure series, Analogies,
Diagrams, Number series
eelloo.nl
Benefits of basket method
• Easy calculation
• Easy monitoring, maintaining, extension
• Easy retesting (system remembers which items
were already administered)
• Prevention of item leakage
eelloo.nl
Validity
• High correlation with proctored extended test
(.75)
• Test-retest correlation (.77)
• About 8% scores lower than expected, possible
cheaters
eelloo.nl
Basket monitoring
eelloo.nl
Basket monitoring
• Some items with equal difficulty are more equal than others
Basket Item Difficulty (n) Difference Average
1017 Hcyf106b 0.66 (287) 0.10 0.68
Hcyf106c 0.65 (266)
HCYF01b 0.74 (294)
1018 HCYF112 0.62 (409) 0.02 0.63
HCYF112b 0.64 (438)
eelloo.nl
Difference in p-value
• Even if items are carefully balanced, there will still be
differences, although they may be small
• For most candidates this will average
• Some will have all the ‘easy’ or all the ‘difficult’ items
• Effect on reliability and score
• Comparison of correction methods on two measures
eelloo.nl
Score calculation improvement - reliabilities (split half)
Education level N CTT IRT1pl IRT2pl Elo Glicko
MBO (Vocational) 743 0.85 0.80 0.81 0.79 0.86
HBO (Bachelor) 1397 0.82 0.82 0.83 0.79 0.85
WO (Master) 706 0.80 0.76 0.77 0.74 0.81
• Glicko has best performance
• CTT has good results as well
eelloo.nl
Effects Glicko on z-score
Item difficulty group
regular score
Glicko score
z-score
eelloo.nl
Concluding remarks
• Valid unproctored test possible with basket
method
• Glicko shows slight improvement in score
calculation, but CTT also works well

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Waop presentation 2016 a basket case

  • 1. eelloo.nl A basket case Using baskets and verification in unproctored testing Jozien Silvester Liesbeth van Leeuwen Jelle Geertsma WAOP Presentation 25 november 2016
  • 2. eelloo.nl Unproctored testing • Stakes are high in selection • Possibility of cheating • Proctoring not always possible or efficient • Benefits for candidates of unproctored testing: time and place of choice
  • 3. eelloo.nl Unproctored testing • Validity proctored /unproctored equal if: • Informing candidates about optimal test conditions • Taking measures to prevent fraud • Items that measure reasoning (fluid) • Time limit • Basket method
  • 4. eelloo.nl Basket method • Large item bank • Items of equal difficulty are placed in a basket • Item is randomly picked from basket • Same number of baskets for every candidate • Four subtests: Figure series, Analogies, Diagrams, Number series
  • 5. eelloo.nl Benefits of basket method • Easy calculation • Easy monitoring, maintaining, extension • Easy retesting (system remembers which items were already administered) • Prevention of item leakage
  • 6. eelloo.nl Validity • High correlation with proctored extended test (.75) • Test-retest correlation (.77) • About 8% scores lower than expected, possible cheaters
  • 8. eelloo.nl Basket monitoring • Some items with equal difficulty are more equal than others Basket Item Difficulty (n) Difference Average 1017 Hcyf106b 0.66 (287) 0.10 0.68 Hcyf106c 0.65 (266) HCYF01b 0.74 (294) 1018 HCYF112 0.62 (409) 0.02 0.63 HCYF112b 0.64 (438)
  • 9. eelloo.nl Difference in p-value • Even if items are carefully balanced, there will still be differences, although they may be small • For most candidates this will average • Some will have all the ‘easy’ or all the ‘difficult’ items • Effect on reliability and score • Comparison of correction methods on two measures
  • 10. eelloo.nl Score calculation improvement - reliabilities (split half) Education level N CTT IRT1pl IRT2pl Elo Glicko MBO (Vocational) 743 0.85 0.80 0.81 0.79 0.86 HBO (Bachelor) 1397 0.82 0.82 0.83 0.79 0.85 WO (Master) 706 0.80 0.76 0.77 0.74 0.81 • Glicko has best performance • CTT has good results as well
  • 11. eelloo.nl Effects Glicko on z-score Item difficulty group regular score Glicko score z-score
  • 12. eelloo.nl Concluding remarks • Valid unproctored test possible with basket method • Glicko shows slight improvement in score calculation, but CTT also works well

Editor's Notes

  1. Measures are: Controletest dreigen met Vragen vooral op fluid, opzoeken op internet heeft geen zin Verification test Question type reasoning rather than knowledge
  2. Testhelften Acap