Steady state flow permability exp. by jarjis Experiment Number 5: Steady state flow permability exp. by jarjis. Koya University. Faculty of Engineering. Reservoir Lab Supervised By Barham Sabir ============= This a report about Steady state flow permability exp. by jarjis. written by Jarjis Muhammad, Petroleum Engineering Dep. Koya University. For more Information please contact me: www.facebook.com/Jarjis.shaqlawaee

1. Discussion: Jarjis Muhammad
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Q/ Define klinkenberg effect.
Klinkenberg discovered that permeability measurements made with air
as the flowing fluid showed different results from permeability
measurements made with a liquid as the flowing fluid. Air permeability
is always greater than the permeability obtained when a liquid is the
flowing fluid. On the basis of the laboratory experiments, liquids had a
zero velocity at a grain surface, while gases exhibited some finite
velocity at the same grain surface (slippage). This slippage results in a
higher flow rate for the gas at a given pressure differential. Klinkenberg
also found that, for a given porous medium, as the mean
pressure increased, the calculated permeability decreased.
Klinkenberg developed a method to correct
gas permeability measured at low mean
flowing pressure to equivalent liquid
permeability. A plot of measured permeability
versus 1/Pm is extrapolated to the point
where 1/Pm = 0 (Pm = infinity). This
permeability approximates the liquid
permeability.
2: Pm = (P1 + P2) / 2
3: Kg = KL + C * (1 / PM)
The factor C varies with permeability so it must be determined for each
core plug. There are generalized iterative equations to solve for C, but
they are not widely used.

2. Q/What kind of permeability (K) can be found out ? how?
A/horizontal permeability can be found out Kh , by applying confining
pressure on the plastic robber around the sample onto sample chamber
which its between(200 - 400 )psi
Q/ which type of permeability is taken from the test?
A/ the permeability which is determined by gas is liquid permeability
with correcting the effects.
Q/ why the horizontal permeability is found out?
A/ the horizontal permeability is found out due to the reservoir is
generally horizontal permeability, and also horizontal permeability
greater than vertical permeability.
Q/ What are the Errors?
2- Bad quality of nitrogen
3- confining pressure problem