3rd semester Indian MBBS

1. Dr J Prabhakar Patro
Professor of medicine,
The Oxford Medical College Hospital, Bengaluru
drpatrojp@gmail.com

2.  Dietary fibre
 BMI
 Parenteral Nutrition

3.  Macro-nutrition metabolism
 Severe malnutrition
 Diseases of over-nourished societies and the
need for dietary change
 Obesity
 Artificial nutrition support

4.  = Energy yielding nutrients

7.  Hemicellulose of wheat
 Increase water holding capacity of colonic
content  bulk of stool
 So relieve simple constipation
 Prevent diverticulosis
 Reduces Risk of cancer

8.  Pectin
 Guar gum
 Slow gastric emptying
 Contribute to satiety
 Reduce bile salt absorption plasma
cholesterol concentration

9.  Highest energy density of macronutrients
 37 kJ/g
 Excess  obesity

10.  PUFA in seeds is linoleic acid omega 6
 Alpha linolenic acid omega 3
 Are essential fatty acids.
 Precursors of prostaglandins
 Fish oils are rich in omega 3 FA

14.  Obesity
 A Pandemic
 Disastrous consequences
BMI > 30 kg/ m2
 25% of women in Urban India are
Obese

15.  Discrepancy between energy consumption
and energy expenditure

20.  Weight reduction
 Decreased CV risk factors
 Decreased incidence of Diabetes

22.  Orlistat:
 Inhibits pancreatic and gastric lipases
 Reduces hydrolysis of ingested triglycerides
 Reducing dietary fat absorption by 30%
 Not absorbed.
 Side effects are of fat malabsorption

25.  BMI < 18.5 kg/m2

27.  Under-nutrition is poorly recognised in
hospital and has serious consequences.
 Poor appetite
 Poor dental health,
 concurrent illness
 Kept ‘nil by mouth’ for investigations

28.  Normal diet
 Dietary supplements: protein supplements
 Enteral tube feeding: when unable to
swallow.
 Parenteral nutrition: Not for less than 1
week.
 1. Peripheral venous cannula
 2.Peripherally inserted cannula

30.  Weight loss + muscle wasting
 in chronic illness such as
 HIV –AIDS
 End stage organ failure
 Malignancy