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Socialization and Development Stages
- 1. Welcome to the presentation on socialization Present to: Dr. Rizwan Ahmad Presented By: Fatima Idrees
- 2. What is social development? Social Development means acquisition of the ability to behave in accordance with social expectations. This involves learning the values, knowledge and skills that enable children to relate to others effectively and to contribute in positive ways to family, school and the community.
- 3. Erikson’s(1986) theory Erikson theory have eight stages of social development. Psychosocial („psycho‟ relating to the mind, brain, personality, etc. and „social‟ which means the external relationships and environment). Each stage consists of development task that challenges individual with crisis. Each crisis is not atrophic but a turning point of increased weakness and bound potential. as articulated in the second half of the 20th century by Erik Erikson in collaboration with Joan Erikson,
- 4. 1.Trust versus mistrust From birth to 12 months of age,The developmental task requires warm and care giving. The positive outcomes is a feeling of comfort. Mistrust develops when children are treated too negatively.
- 5. 2.Autonomy versus shame and doubt • Occurs in the toddler age. (18 months-3 years). Kids asserts their independence and realize their will. If infants are restrained too much or punished too harshly, they develop a sense of shame and doubt.
- 6. 3. Initiative versus guilt • Preschool age (3-5 years old). In this stage, adults expect children to become more responsible . • Children develop uncomfortable guilt feelings. • If they are irresponsible or are made to feel too anxious.
- 7. 4.Industry versus inferiority • School age (5-11 years of age) As kids move into elementary school years, they direct their energy toward (mastering knowledge) intellectual skills. • The danger in these years is developing a sense of inferiority and incompetence.
- 8. 5. Identity vs. Role Confusion Adolescence (11-18 years of age). Acquire a sense of identity. Or can become confused about ones role in life. Questions who you are and if your happy. Adolescents struggle with questions such as “Who am I?” and “What do I want to do with my life?”
- 9. 6. Intimacy versus isolation • Young adulthood (18-40 years of age). The developmental task is to form positive close relationship with others. • For such individuals aloneness can become a dark cloud over their lives.
- 10. 7.Generativity versus stagnation • Middle adulthood (40-65 years of age) Generativity means transmitting something positive to the next generation. • Stagnation means the feeling of having done nothing to help the next generation.
- 11. 8.Integrity versus despair Late adulthood (60-and up). Understand and accept the meaning of temporary life. Or complains about regrets, not having enough time, and not finding a meaning throughout life. Questions ones overview of their entire life.
- 12. Role of school in socialization Every educing learns about social life, Social Norms and Social Believes etc. So in the process of Socialization, School plays a very Significant role. They become aware about Social rights, rules, regulations and Social believers so that they live according to their own ideas and knowledge. All schools impart knowledge of 3RS i.e. Reading,Writing and Arithmetic which help students to skillfully manage the household affairs and also matters concerning everyday life. School fosters all round development of personality Students, physical, mental, emotional and social .
- 13. Conclusion School Is a Garden, Teacher is a Gardner and Student is a Tender Plant. Thus we Can Say That School Plays An Important Role In Process Of Socialization.