Pangasinan State University Civil Service Examination Reviewer

Republic of the Philippines
Pangasinan State University
LINGAYEN PANGASINAN
CIVIL SERVICE EXAMINATION
REVIEWER 2018
For Professional and Sub-Professional Level
JAMESON N. ESTRADA
www.psuereview.neolms.com

CIVIL SERVICE EXAMINATION REVIEWER 2018
www.psuereview.neolms.comPANGASINAN STATE UNIVERSITY
PREFACE
The Civil Service Examination is an eligibility test that a Filipino must pass in order to work or
gain employment in a particular government agency. Taking CSC for some people is very tough
and challenging as the average passing rate for examinees is only 11% in the recent years.
Though passing the test is not a facile task, I am sanguine that it can be done if one does all the
necessary and intelligent preparations.
This Civil Service Reviewer 2018 has been written for anyone who is qualified and wishes to
take the Civil Service Examination. It is prepared with the primary aim of providing
the examination takers a very beneficial tool, which can be utilized to help them pass the
examination. This is designed to make the test items and exercises conform to the actual
types of questions normally included in the examination given by the Civil Service
Commission. This reviewer is comprehensive and substantial as it touches on nearly
everything about the most important topics in the CSC. Thus, it is certain that whatever
knowledge the examinees demand, this reviewer will supply all the needed information.
This reviewer contains one thousand three hundred seventy five (1,375) items consisting of thirty
parts that cover sufficiently the scope of CSE. Each part is geared toward the formulation of
questions that encompasses most of verbal ability (English and Filipino) and analytical ability
(Mathematics and Logic). Likewise, it goes beyond by fully exploring questions on General
Information including Philippine Constitution, R.A 6713, Peace and Human Rights Issues and
Concepts and Environment Management and Protection.
Meanwhile, this reviewer drew inspiration from my PSU students who wanted to pass the CSE. I
found motivation also to finish it for future use of Filipino students and professionals. The
process of coming up with this reviewer was laborious, indeed. However, the formulation of
questions was a gratifying personal and professional experience, which gave me the sense of
happiness and accomplishment afterward. Because I personally believe that learning should be
easily accessible and freely available, this reviewer will be free or will be made available for
everybody.
Bear in mind that it takes sustained effort to pass the examination. You should study harder and
should not let opportunities go to waste if you want to be a CSC passer.
Good luck with your review as you choose and use this reviewer. I hope that you find it both
relevant and interesting. Prepare, review, and pass Civil Service Examination in one take with
flying colors!
JAMESON N. ESTRADA
Instructor, Pangasinan State University
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CIVIL SERVICE REVIEWER EXAMINATION 2018
ACKNOWLEDGMENT
I would like to express my earnest appreciation to all those who provided me the possibility to
finish the Civil Service Examination 2018 reviewer book. The completion could not be possible
without the contributions of the people who have yielded their wisdom, effort, time and spirit of
cooperation.
First, I take this opportunity to express my gratitude to my parents and siblings for supporting me
spiritually and emotionally throughout writing and inspiring my life in general. Their boundless
patience and understanding kept me going.
I extend thanks to my friends and colleagues for accepting nothing less than excellence from me.
Their assistance, advices and constructive criticisms are very helpful.
I gratefully acknowledge my BA Economics Program family (students and faculty members) as
this piece of work would not be promising without their encouragement, help and support.
I would like to thanks likewise all the authors whose articles were utilized in this reviewer
particularly in the English section.
Above all, I am very grateful to our gracious and beneficent Almighty God who bestowed
upon me the opportunity to write. He never failed to shower me the wisdom, courage,
good health and determination to combat all the complexities of life.
Meantime, I would candidly appreciate any comments or queries about anything that appears in
this reviewer book. Please feel free to contact me at 0945-5970-162 or email me at
jameson.n.estrada@gmail.com
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CIVIL SERVICE REVIEWER EXAMINATION 2018
DEDICATION
I’m glad and proud to dedicate this Civil Service Reviewer…
First and foremost to my Family whom I adore
To my loving parents, brothers and sisters
Who served as my ceaseless inspiration and power
Because of their wondrous support, love and care
Fruit of my labor is achieved, I strongly assure
Second is extended to various PSU stakeholders
To the Admin, Faculty, Students, Alumni and Industry Partners
Special mention to BA Econ students and Faculty members
Through their abiding participation, motivation and spur
The journey of this endeavor has never become a failure
Next in line goes to the Civil Service Examination Takers
Who seek free, apt and in-depth reviewer, I’m pretty sure
This reviewer is hoped to render answers about examination matters
Which may help them pass the test with flying color
So that success may follow afterward in the near future
Lastly, my devotion is bestowed to our Lord Almighty Father
For the undisputed wisdom and guidance He had showered
His blessed will and determination made me stronger
As obstacles that impeded my way were conquered
For this, my matchless indebtedness is such a pleasure!
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CIVIL SERVICE EXAMINATIONREVIEWER 2018
TABLE OF CONTENTS
PAGE CONTENT
i PREFACE
ii ACKNOWLEDGMENT
iii DEDICATION
iv TABLE OF CONTENTS
1 ABOUT CIVIL SERVICE EXAMINATION
4 EXAMINEE’S DESCRIPTIVE QUESTIONNAIRE
6 GRAMMAR AND CORRECT USAGE
16 SYNONYM
22 ANTONYM
26 IDENTIFYING ERRORS
31 SENTENCE STRUCTURE
35 PARAGRAPH ORGANIZATION
38 READING COMPREHENSION
46 SPELLING
50 SINGLE-WORD ANALOGY
57 DOUBLE-WORD ANALOGY
61 WASTONG PAGGAMIT
65 KASING-KAHULUGAN
70 KASALUNGAT
74 PAGKILALA SA MALI
77 PAGTATALATA
80 PAG-UNAWA SA BINASA
85 ISANG-SALITANG PAGKAKATULAD
89 DALAWANG-SALITANG PAGKAKATULAD
93 MATHEMATICS – BASIC OPERATIONS AND EQUATIONS
98 MATHEMATICS – WORD PROBLEMS
104 MATHEMATICS – DATA AND GRAPH INTERPRETATION
112 LOGIC – DEDUCTIVE AND INDUCTIVE REASONING
120 SERIES AND SEQUENCE
125 ABSTRACT REASONING
130 CLERICAL OPERATIONS AND ALPHABETIZING
137 PHILIPPINE CONSTITUTION
144 R.A 6713
147 HUMAN RIGHTS, VALUES AND PEACE CONCEPTS AND ISSUES
150 ENVIRONMENT PROTECTION AND MANAGEMENT
155 PHILIPPINE BASIC FACTS, ECONOMIC ISSUES AND CURRENT EVENTS
161 ANSWER SHEET
172 ANSWER KEY
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CIVIL SERVICE EXAMINATION REVIEWER 2018 ABOUT CIVIL SERVICE EXAMINATION
WHAT IS CIVIL SERVICE EXAMINATION?
Civil service examination is an eligibility test implemented and given by the Civil Service Commission (CSC)
to aspirants who intend to work in the Philippine government. All government employees aside from a few
exceptions (like passing selected board exams) are required to take the Civil Service Examination to be
granted tenure.
TYPES OF CAREER SERVICE EXAMINATION
There are two levels as identified by the Civil Service Commission in taking Civil Service Exam in the
Philippines which include Professional and Sub-professional levels. The Sub-professional level is for
those who have finished 2-year courses or below. Those who have graduated 4-year courses or beyond
are advised to take the Professional level.
WHO MAY TAKE CIVIL SERVICE EXAMINATION?
Applicants for Career Service Professional and Sub-professional levels must
 be a Filipino citizen;
 be At least 18 years old;
 have no criminal record or has not been convicted by final judgment of an offense or crime involving
moral turpitude;
 have not been dishonorably discharged from military service or dismissed for cause from any
civilian position in the government;
 have not taken the same level of CSE within three months from last examination taken.
REQUIREMENTS FOR CIVIL SERVICE EXAMINATION
1. Fully accomplished Application Form (CS Form No. 100 (Revised November 2012). The spaces
for “Signature Applicant” and “Right Thumbmark” on the form should be left blank.
2. Four ID pictures:
a. Philippine Passport size (1.8 inches x 1.4 inches)
b. Colored, with white background
c. Printed on good quality photo paper
d. In standard close-up shot (from shoulder level up with the head and face occupying at least
80% of the picture and with the name tag positioned at approximately 1 inch or 2.54 cm below
the chin)
e. In bare face (with no eyeglasses or any accessories that may cover the facial features)
f. Showing left and right ears
g. Taken in full-face view directly facing the camera
h. With neutral facial expression, and both eyes open
i. With full and handwritten (not computer-generated) name tag in the format: First Name,
Middle Initial, Last Name, and Extension Name, if any (e.g JUAN C. DELA CRUZ, JR.), and
signature over printed name
j. Taken within the last three (3) months prior to the application
3. Original and photocopy of any valid ID* containing applicant’s clear picture, date of birth, signature,
and signature of the authorized head of the issuing agency such as Driver’s License, SSS ID, GSIS
ID, Philhealth ID, current Company/Office ID, current School ID, Postal ID, BIR ID, Barangay
ID, Voter’s ID, Valid Passport, or Police Clearance.
4. Examination fee is as follows:
a. P500 for the Paper and Pencil Test (PPT)
b. P600 for Computer-Assisted Test (CAT)
5. Copy of Appointment letter received by the applicant through email (for Computer Assisted Test)
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MODES OF CIVIL SERVICE EXAMINATION
1. Paper and Pencil Test (CSE PPT). This is the classic and manual mode of career service
examination. It happens twice or thrice a year depending on the schedule approved by the Civil
Service Commission. In this exam, you have to answer the exam questionnaire and put your
answers in the answer sheet manually by shading the correct answer using a pencil. This exam
can be filed and take in CSC regional and field offices.
2. Computerized Examination (CSC COMEX). This is the new mode of examination introduced by the
Civil Service Commission after suspending the Computer-Assisted Test (CAT) in 2013. On this
mode of exam, an applicant must register online on the official CSC COMEX website, set a
schedule and appear on the date of examination on the CSC COMEX testing center.
SCOPE OF EXAMINATION AND OTHER INFORMATION
PROFESSIONAL SUB-PROFESSIONAL
Scope/Coverage
Verbal Ability
 Grammar and Correct Usage
 Vocabulary (Synonym and Antonym)
 Paragraph Organization
 Reading Comprehension
Verbal Ability
 Grammar and Correct Usage
 Vocabulary (Synonym and Antonym)
 Paragraph Organization
 Reading Comprehension
Analytical Ability
 Basic Operations
 Word Problems
 Data Interpretation
Analytical Ability
 Basic Operations
 Word Problems
 Data Interpretation
Analytical/Logical Ability
 Word Associations
 Identifying assumptions and Conclusions
 Logic
Clerical Ability
 Clerical Operations and Filing
 Spelling
General Information
 Philippine Constitution
 Code of Conduct and Ethical Standards
for Public Officials and Employees (R. A.
6713)
 Peace and Human Rights Issues and
Concepts
 Environment Management and Protection
General Information
 Philippine Constitution
 Code of Conduct and Ethical
Standards for Public Officials and
Employees (R. A. 6713)
 Peace and Human Rights Issues and
Concepts
 Environment Management and
Protection
Time Limit
3 hours and
10 minutes
2 hours and
40 minutes
Number of Test Items
170 165
Passing Percentage
80% (136) 80% (132)
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IMPORTANT REMINDERS DURING EXAMINATION
1. No, I.D, No Exam. Bring preferably the same I.D card presented during filing of application.
2. Gates if Testing Venues shall be closed to examinees at exactly 7:30 a.m. Examinees that arrive
later than 7:30 a.m. shall not be admitted.
3. Wear proper attire. Sleeveless shirt/blouse, shorts/short pants and slippers are not allowed.
4. Bringing of cellular phones and any other gadgets including smartphones, smartwatches,
calculators, wristwatches with calculators, books and other forms of printed materials and all other
similar items, is not allowed.
5. Bring the original copy of PSA (formerly NSO)/LCR issued Birth Certificate printed on Security
Paper if I.D card has no date of birth, Application Receipt with CSC official receipt if available,
notice of school assignmet generated thru ONSA.
6. Only black ball pen shall be used in the examination. Pencils and any other kinds of pen (e.g. gel
pen, sign pen, fountain pen, friction pen, etc.) including other colors of ball pen are not allowed.
RESULTS OF CIVIL SERVICE EXAMINATION
Results of the CSE-PPT are usually released forty-five (45) days after the examination. The names of
passers shall be posted at the CSC website: www.csc.gov.ph.Those who passed the examination must
personally claim their Certificates of Eligibility at the CSC regional office/field office upon presentation of
required documents. On the other hand, those who failed the examination may secure a copy of their Report
of Rating through the CSC website. No Report of Rating shall be mailed to those who failed. To secure a
copy of the Report of Rating, an examinee must key in his/her name, date of birth, examinee number,
examination date, and examination type. Thus, examinees are advised to safe keep or remember their
examinee number until receipt of the examination result.
Results of the CSE-CAT are usually released within two to three hours after the examination. Examinees
are strongly advised to wait for the examination results. Those who passed shall receive their Certificate of
Eligibility, while those who failed shall receive their Report of Rating. Should an examinee fail to
claim/receive his/her examination result on the examination day, he/she has to personally return at a later
date to claim either his/her Certificate of Eligibility or Report of Rating. The names of passers of the CSE-
CAT examinees will also be posted at the CSC website. A copy of the Notice of Rating (for passers) may
also be secured online.
References:
www.csc.gov.ph
https://www.thinkpesos.com/a-complete-guide-about-civil-service-exam-in-the-philippines/
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CIVIL SERVICE EXAMINATION REVIEWER 2018 EXAMINEE’S DESCRIPTIVE QUESTIONNAIRE
EXAMINEE’S DESCRIPTIVE QUESTIONNAIRE
DIRECTION: The 20 items that follow are on some information you are to give about yourself. All these will
held strictly confidential. Please be honest and accurate when answering. Each item is followed by several
possible answers. After each item number on your Answer Sheet, blacken fully the circle whose number
corresponds to the answer that specially pertains to you
1. Sex:
1. Male 2. Female
2. Civil Status:
1. Single 2. Married 3. Widow/Widower
4. Separated/ Divorced
3. Highest Educational Achievement:
1. Second Year College 2. Third Year College 3. Fourth Year College
4. College Graduate 5. Postgraduate
4. Year of Last Attendance in school:
1. Before 1990 2. 1991 – 1999 3. 2000 – 2004
4. 2005 – 2009 5. 2010 Present
5. Location of School of last Attended
1. Metro Manila 2. Luzon (outside Metro Manila)3. Visayas
4. Mindanao 5. Abroad
6. What honors did you receive when you graduated from college?
1. Summa cum Laude 2. Magna cum Laude 3. Cum Laude
4. None 5. Not Applicable
7. Present employment:
1. Government 2. Private 3. Self-Employment
4. Unemployed 5. Not applicable
8. Type of present job:
1. Professional/Technical/ Scientific 2. Trades and Crafts 3. General Clerical
4. Others 5. Not Applicable
9. Number of times promoted from January 2000 to present times:
1. Never 2. Once 3. Twice
4. More than two times 5. Not Applicable
10. What was your performance rating for the last rating period in your last rating period in your office?
1. Outstanding 2. Very Satisfactorily 3. Satisfactorily/Fair
4. Unsatisfactorily 5. Not Applicable
11. Do you have the following first level eligibilities: Second Grade, General Clerical, Career Civil
Service Professional, Municipal or Provincial Clerk?
1. Yes 2. No
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CIVIL SERVICE EXAMINATION REVIEWER 2018 EXAMINEE’S DESCRIPTIVE QUESTIONNAIRE
12. How many times have you taken the Career Service Professional Examination, Excluding this
examination?
1. Never 2. Once 3. Twice
4. Thrice 5. More than 3 Times
13. For what reason you’re taking this examination?
1. Entrance to government service 2. Change of Status of appointment
3. Promotion 4. Achievements
5. Others
14. Category of Government office where employed:
1. National Government 2. Local Government
3. Government owned/controlled corporation 4. Constitutional Office
5. Not Applicable
15. Status of present appointment in the government service:
1. Permanent 2. Temporary 3. Casual/Emergency
4. Contractual 5. Not applicable
16. Years of Experience in government service:
1. Less than 5 years 2. 5 – 10 years 3. 11 – 20 years
4. 20 years above 5. Not applicable
17. If offered appointment in the government service, are you available? When?
1. Yes, Immediately 2. Yes, after 1 year 3. Yes, after 2 years
4. Yes, after 3 years 5. Yes, after I finish my studies
18. If offered appointment in the government service, where do you prefer to work?
1. Metro Manila 2. Luzon (outside Metro Manila)3. Visayas
4. Mindanao 5. Abroad
19. For what type of work do you consider yourself best qualified?
1. Accounting 2. Budgeting 3. Management & audit
4. Records Management 5. Research/ Report Writing
20. For what type of work do you consider yourself best qualified? (Continuation)
1. Statistical Work 2. Stenography 3. Supply Management
4. System Analysis and Design 5. Others
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CIVIL SERVICE EXAMINATION REVIEWER 2018 ENGLISH – Grammar and Correct Usage
1. The PBB reality show offers everyone ________ an instant celebrity.
A. to have B. being C. to be
D. been E. be
2. My students like to ________ new productivity app from Google Play every month.
A. download B. downloading C. to download
D. downloads E. will download
3. The volunteers from the DSWD main office ________ quickly to provide food for the victims of a
strong typhoon.
A. will respond B. responded C. will have responded
D. has responded E. responds
4. Pasko Aquinaldo ________ Christmas with his family and relatives in Baguio City every year.
A. spend B. spends C. spent
D. is going E. will spend
5. Would you mind ________ me new smartwatch?
A. buy B. will buy C. buying
D. to buy E. buyer
6. The real estate broker lives ________ Cavite.
A. in B. at C. on
D. to E. for
7. The supervisor warned the janitor to don’t go out ________ he has finished his work.
A. as B. while C. because
D. until E. for
8. He is a genius student who is very good ________ Logic and Mathematics.
A. for B. on C. in
D. at E. to
9. They noticed that the weather was bad, ________ they still went for the field trip.
A. because B. although C. and
D. but E. likewise
10. I guess you should complain ________ the manager about the poor service of this hotel.
A. of B. with C. for
D. to E. into
GRAMMAR AND CORRECT USAGE
Direction: Select the letter that corresponds to the word or phrase that will most likely complete
each of the sentences. On the Answer Sheet, shade entirely the box that corresponds to your
answer.
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11. They enjoy playing sepak takraw as well as ________.
A. to play chess. B. chess. C. playing chess.
D. play chess. E. chess playing.
12. The driver doesn’t know whether to turn left ________ right.
A. and B. but C. or
D. when E. because
13. I will help you with your calculus homework as soon as my favorite TV program is ________.
A. over with B. off C. over
D. on E. under
14. I am writing to inform you _________ the objectives of our new 2-year development plan.
A. as B. to C. about
D. on E. for
15. The woman was waiting for a bus ________ bus stop.
A. in B. on C. at
D. under E. with
16. The real estate manager ________ from Ayala Corporation because of his decision to establish a
start-up company.
A. resign B. resigned C. resigning
D. will be resigned E. would have been resigned
17. James is trying to become more adept at taekwondo before summer ________.
A. arrived. B. will have arrived. C. will arrive.
D. arrives. E. arrive.
18. This sari–sari store has been selling liquors and cigarettes ________.
A. since fifteen years B. fifteen years ago C. for fifteen years ago
D. for fifteen years E. in fifteen years
19. Ferdinand Magellan ________ the Philippines more than four hundred years ago.
A. discovered B. has discovered C. discovers
D. was discovering E. had discovered
20. We have been waiting for the arrival of the delegates ________.
A. since tomorrow B. for three hours C. for nine o’clock
D. in two hours E. four hours ago
21. While trying to ________ an elderly from a burning building, Solomon died.
A. be rescued B. have rescued C. rescue
D. rescuing E. rescued
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22. Call center agents experience a lot of ________ interference on the line when the weather is bad.
A. noise B. noisy C. noisily
D. noises E. nuisance
23. The manager called the area supervisor to talk about changes of the project which are seemed
very ________.
A. important B. importantly C. importance
D. not importance E. unimportant
24. My annoying boss sounded ________ on the line.
A. anger B. angrily C. angry
D. angerily E. angries
25. The shocked mother asked what ________ to her daughter after the frightful accident.
A. has happened B. happened C. have happened
D. had happened E. did happen
26. Andrew ________ a productivity software when I saw him in the office.
A. developing B. develops C. is developing
D. was developing E. has developed
27. They wish to see Carla and ________ next summer vacation.
A. their family B. his family C. her family
D. its family E. she family
28. ________ met more than ten years ago at a mutual friend’s wedding party.
A. Him and I B. Him and me C. He and me
D. He and I E. He and I’m
29. Students ________ a board game when they have their Economics class tomorrow.
A. play B. was playing C. will be playing
D. would play E. has played
30. I ________ to Cebu and Bohol six times this year.
A. was B. have been C. would have been
D. has been E. were
31. The person ________ made this affordable yet delectable dessert has my support.
A. that B. which C. who
D. whose E. whom
32. From ________ did you buy that luxurious condominium?
A. whom B. how C. who
D. which E. when
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33. ________ is the official currency of Argentina?
A. Who B. When C. Why
D. How E. What
34. ________ smartphone do you frequently use – Android or IOS smartphone?
A. What B. When C. Why
D. How E. Which
35. You have a money to buy a movie ticket, ________?
A. do you B. don’t you C. have you
D. haven’t you E. isn’t it
36. My workmate always reminds to don’t ________ works until tomorrow which I can do today.
A. put off B. put up C. put on
D. put of E. put for
37. The mother asked his son to _________ from the bad influence of those people.
A. keep on B. keep out C. keep away
D. keep up E. keep down
38. Presently, it is very difficult and challenging for the milk tea companies to ________ their business
because of stiff competition in the market.
A. carry over B. carry out C. carry on
D. carry off E. carry up
39. The meeting has been ________ today because of the poor health condition of the Chief Executive
Officer and is going to be held at a different date.
A. called off B. called for C. called in
D. called for E. called into
40. The shoe factory was burned ________ yesterday.
A. down B. in C. from
D. on E. out
41. The Grade 6 teacher told his students to ________ these words in the dictionary.
A. look down B. look up C. look into
D. look after E. look around
42. She ________ reviewing his notes and attending review centers and passed the Civil Service
Examination in the end.
A. kept up B. kept on C. kept of
D. kept for E. kept down
43. They believed that the party was going to be tiresome, but it ________ to be one of the most
memorable evenings of their lives.
A. acted on B. backed up C. kicked off
D. lightened up E. turned out
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44. I’m pretty certain that the program chairperson cannot deal ________ this serious problem.
A. out B. with C. in
C. for E. on
45. Jenny, could you ________ a favor. Please stop stalking me.
A. make B. create C. give
D. do E. take
46. The economy of the Philippines is now largely based on services, ________ a few decades ago it
was an agricultural country.
A. while B. whereas C. whereby
D. since E. because
47. Every meal the housemaid arranges the fruits and places ________ on the center of the table.
A. this B. that C. it
D. them E. there
48. Majority of the faculty members ________ with the proposed policy because they don't like how it
will be implemented.
A. agree B. disagree C. misagree
D. unagree E. inagree
49. The immoral politician's ________ promises will be remembered by his constituents.
A. break B. broken C. breaking
D. breaks E. brokening
50. Their schoolmates are ________ in Dagupan City National High School.
A. freshman B. freshmen C. freshmans
D. freshmens E. freshmany
51. She has been ________ how to receive her brother's clients with decorum by the secretary.
A. thought B. tooth C. taught
D. toot E. tutee
52. This particular statement can help you to separate ________ from fact.
A. met B. meat C. meet
D. mytt E. myth
53. Even at their young age, they ________ fascinating romance novels.
A. right B. write C. rights
D. writes E. wright
54. The seller predicted an ________ quantity of this seasoned fruit in the market.
A. excessive B. excesive C. exisive
D. excesive E. exccessive
10

55. All of the participants at the conference are ________.
A. Economics students B. Economic students C. Economics student
D. Economic student E. Economic's students
56. The student recycled the ________ bottles.
A. seven cola empty B. seven empty cola C. cola empty seven
D. cola seven empty E. empty cola seven
57. The purchasing officer ordered _________ for the laboratory room.
A. three pieces of equipments B. three equipments C. three pieces of equipment
D. three-piece equipments E. three equipment pieces
58. The faculty members are going to wear their ________ shirt to the university's anniversary.
A. polo new yellow B. yellow polo new C. yellow new polo
D. polo yellow new E. new polo yellow
59. According to some IT enthusiasts, Samsung smartphones are ________ internet-enabled devices
than Iphone smartphones.
A. better B. more better C. best
D. most better E. good
60. Pia Wurtzbach is the ________ in the Miss Universe 2015.
A. prettyful B. prettiest C. prettier
D. more pretty E. most prettier
61. I hope the students don’t think that my classes are ________.
A. bored B. bore C. bores
D. boring E. boringly
62. The Supreme Court ________ the judicial branch of the government.
A. presents B. depicts C. describes
D. appeals E. represents
63. A complete diversity of business ________ was satisfactorily achieved during the recent trade fair
in Ortigas Center.
A. systems B. profits C. collusions
D. strategies E. protocols
64. Some Chinese hybrid rice varieties tested by IRRI are ________ to Philippine weather conditions.
A. adoptable B. adept C. applicable
D. available E. adaptable
65. His Iphone 5s was a state-of-the-art smartphone four years ago, but now it is________.
A. ambiguous B. obsolete C. extravagant
D. refurbished E. olfactory
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66. Our teacher in Linguistics wants us to learn the correct accent well so she takes great efforts to
________ each word.
A. solve B. abbreviate C. interpret
D. deliver E. state
67. The mayor built a farm-to-market-road to make the farm produce of the farmers ________ to the
public market.
A. scarce B. receptive C. unavailable
D. cooperative E. accessible
68. Air and noise pollution ________ human health conditions.
A. degrades B. improves C. uplifts
D. downgrades E. promotes
69. Cloning is rampant nowadays because numerous animals are becoming ________.
A. extinct B. extant C. exuberant
D. endamaged E. eradicable
70. Numerous foreign tourists in the country typically pay very high for real ________ products.
A. exotic B. ecclesiastic C. exiguous
D. enchanting E. edible
71. Some Philippine river systems are considered not ________ for public water supply.
A. flaunting B. efficient C. effectual
D. suitable E. intertwine
72. Some people cannot ________ the taste between Coca Cola and Pepsi Cola.
A. differ B. distinguish C. compare
D. contrast E. determine
73. The new model of the smartphone is very ________ to the old model.
A. same B. similar C. exactly
D. common E. contrast
74. His perspective about the consequences of unemployment is ________ to mine.
A. exactly B. same C. identical
D. unique E. difference
75. The ________ in weather between North Luzon and Southern Mindanao of the country is likely
noticeable.
A. comparison B. differential C. contrast
D. commonality E. uniqueness
76. Maltreating a child is treating him ________.
A. considerably B. gracefully C. cruelly
D. lively E. publicly
12

77. The neglectful nutritionist ________ fed the sick patient.
A. mindfully B. accountably C. doubtfully
D. heedlessly E. terribly
78. Bagoong is a salted fish product ________ by salting and fermenting.
A. consumed B. utilized C. produced
D. tasted E. supplied
79. Continuous concerns about cybersecurity for the cloud storage have ________ companies from
considering the migration of their private data to the cloud.
A. deterred B. calculated C. contemplated
D. implied E. ascended
80. Lira had an elegant look at the ball despite her ________ long gown.
A. urbane B. sophisticated C. smart
D. simple E. seasoned
81. Michael badly needs to have a ________ information for the new client's proposal.
A. pliant B. placid C. precise
D. palatable E. punctual
82. There seems to be a large ________ between the percentage contribution of GDP in consumption
spending than percentage contribution of GDP in government expenditure.
A. discretion B. discrimination C. dissemination
D. dissimilation E. discrepancy
83. The HR manager must not ________ between high school graduate and college graduate
applicants.
A. interlace B. incarcerate C. intimidate
D. eliminate E. discriminate
84. The general objective of the study was to ________ the impact of using social media on the
academic performance of the students.
A. overlook B. determine C. inspect
D. resolve E. adjudge
85. With the tax reform, the government can ________ more in the country's healthcare by providing
better services and facilities.
A. market B. execute C. diminish
D. invest E. command
86. One root cause of illegal mining in the country is the poor ________ of mining laws.
A. administration B. obligation C. desolation
D. exuberance E. enforcement
13

87. Mang Juan lives in a ________, a community that is smaller than a town, with a population ranging
from a few hundred to a few thousand.
A. city B. country C. region
D. village E. county
88. My daughter really ________ French fries and whenever we eat in a fast-food I always order it.
A. worships B. abhors C. likes
D. adores E. loathes
89. The government ________ the income tax rate to address the rising rate of inflation.
A. elevated B. hefted C. raised
D. boosted E. aspired
90. The accountant wisely uses his income and ________ at least a quarter of his pay every month.
A. saves B. consumes C. withdraws
D. deposits E. donates
91. The ________ advice offered by her mother saved her from making a serious mistake.
A. insensitive B. judicious C. metaphorical
D. unorthodox E. eloquent
92. The police inspector came to the conclusion that the homicide crime had been ________ by a drug
addict.
A. petitioned B. prosecuted C. commissioned
D. committed E. made
93. The mountaineers were exhausted when they reached the ________, but they were happy
because the view of Mount Pulag was wonderful.
A. summit B. climax C. meridian
D. culmination E. zenith
94. The company CEO went on a three-month ________ to East Asian countries and returned to the
USA in August.
A. voyage B. travel C. pilgrimage
D. trip E. journey
95. Documented studies disclose Rizal to be a _________ with the ability to master various skills and
subjects.
A. polygoth B. virtuoso C. polymath
D. wizard E. lowbrow
96. The apoplectic speech of President Duterte for the North Korean President was ________ to a
declaration of war.
A. tantamount B. synonymous C. related
D. afflicted E. pursuance
14

97. The senators advised their ________ in the House of Representatives against pushing plans to
B. enemies C. running matesA. counterparts
D. compatriots E. confederates
98. Camille Paragas is a raconteur. She is good in telling ________.
A. jokes B. lies C. news
D. gossip E. stories
99. Jack is a stevedore. Thus, his job is related to ________.
A. cargo B. outsourcing C. criminals
D. accounting E. movies
100. Emilio is a racketeer. Thus, he is engaged in ________.
A. rockets' repair B. illegal enterprises C. internet marketing
D. sculpting job E. charity works
15
pass the controversial bill.

ENGLISH – Synonym
1. Many soldiers were euphoric about President Duterte's speech on the increase in their salaries.
A. impressed B. depressed C. delighted
D. disputable E. undeniable
2. The celebrity is absolutely imperturbable even when bashed by haters in the social media.
A. happy B. calm C. hopeful
D. upset E. thankful
3. If the underground economy is sizable, GDP will understate an economy’s performance.
A. large B. limited C. small
D. spontaneous E. numerous
4. A factory in a city has been dumping hazardous wastes in the river into the local water supply.
A. safe B. risky C. bulky
D. unnecessary E. plenty
5. The companies that made it to the best company to work in are some of the most lucrative firms in the
country today.
A. feasible B. lucky C. rich
D. well-known E. profitable
6. Lorna thinks that using Facebook as a social networking platform is a frivolous activity.
A. unimportant B. fun C. productive
D. unfortunate E. convenient
7. Next year is a propitious time to engage in IT business.
A. unlikely B. gloomy C. encouraging
D. successful E. eventful
8. Lavish displays of fireworks are observed during the celebration of Chinese's New Year.
A. moderate B. stunning C. excessive
D. ravishing D. uncomely
9. The ravishing sight of the Hundred Islands makes it the favorite tourist destination in Pangasinan.
A. beauteous B. interesting C. plain
D. fantastic E. disputable
10. The bird's peculiar behavior made the pet owner bothered.
A. uncooperative B. odd C. customary
D. uncontrolled E. tamed
SYNONYM
Direction: Select the letter that corresponds to the word with closest meaning to the bold and
underlined word in each of the sentences. On the Answer Sheet, shade entirely the box that
corresponds to your answer.
16CIVIL SERVICE EXAMINATION REVIEWER 2018

ENGLISH – Synonym
11. The employee persevered in his job and got a managerial position after two years.
A. gave up B. persisted C. succumbed
D. skilled E. maintained
12. The Philippine National Oil Company is sanguine on incoming oil exploration projects.
A. dubious B. desperate C. unlikely
D. hopeful E. problematic
13. The infrastructure projects are lucid signs of economic ascent.
A. clear B. effective C. sluggish
D. visible E. rapid
14. The billboard triggers a monstrous traffic jam on the motorists.
A. appealing B. happy C. astonishing
D. innocuous E. appalling
15. The chemistry teacher tells his students to hold the test tubes cautiously because they are fragile.
A. delicate B. durable C. sturdy
D. solid E. compact
16. Aspirin should not be given for fever to children because it could make them more susceptible to
Reye's syndrome.
A. unexposed B. invulnerable C. endangered
D. conflicting E. discordant
17. Foreign business investments in the Philippines are swooping down.
A. falling B. progressing C. loosing
D. increasing E. going steady
18. The unabated demands for goods and services requiring extensive packaging was considered.
A. stable B. seasoned C. perishable
D. strong E. reduced
19. My plea to the government is for us to minimize our deficit.
A. role B. appeal C. blame
D. acknowledgment E. disapproval
20. Rising edifices and lengthening bridges are conspicuous eye-catchers.
A. noticeable B. luminous C. palpable
D. tangible E. enigmatic
21. Improving the country's fiscal position is not a facile task.
A. profound B. quick C. exhausting
D. troublesome E. easy

ENGLISH – Synonym
22. The feasibility study he submitted to the manager misses a pivotal piece of information.
A. crucial B. minor C. comprehensive
D. accurate E. faulty
23. Edgardo is very willing take arduous jobs in order to earn more.
A. effortless B. gratifying C. difficult
D. unpleasant E. risky
24. A riveting explanation of the structure and performance of the Philippine economy fascinated the
class.
A. monotonous B. comprehensive C. sententious
D. informative E. interesting
25. The sluggish pace of the company's new electronic car project is troublesome.
A. agile B. slow C. accelerating
D. engaging E. bad
26. The impressive choreography of PSU's agile dancers fascinated the crowd.
A. awkward B. nimble C. graceful
D. skillful E. clever
27. “No, I’m not with the boy band. I’m just one of the acolytes.”
A. followers B. funs C. leaders
D. bashers E. foes
28. Their friends sat down to a delectable birthday dinner.
A. sumptuous B. lavish C. brackish
D. welcoming E. delicious
29. I was fortuitous because I arrived to the province just before the strong typhoon.
A. blessed B. delighted C. lucky
D. adventurous E. alert
30. A rigorous exercise regimen is badly needed by those people who want to lose weight.
A. demanding B. tolerant C. lenient
D. gentle E. impressive
31. One of the most salubrious forms of exercise is jogging.
A. ideal B. powerful C. indulgent
D. healthful E. improper
32. The abrupt change in the school policies seems to have bewildered numerous students.
A. disagreed B. confused C. insisted
D. acceded E. affiliated

ENGLISH – Synonym
33. The writing of Renato about his world tour and adventure is circumlocutory.
A. wordy b. concise C. terse
D. compendious E. short
34. The teacher gave a terse instruction about the seatwork before he left the classroom.
A. hard B. concise C. long
D. relevant E. confusing
35. The story she told to the class is apocryphal.
A. terrifying B. sensitive C. fictitious
D. factual E. boring
36. Most pet owners know that chocolate can be noxious for cats and dogs.
A. wholesome B. healthy C. dangerous
D. blissful E. nontoxic
37. I have learned that life is a constant struggle, so enjoy its vicissitudes.
A. longevity B. happiness C. ups and downs.
D. challenges. E. dilemmas
38. A long-awaited re-organization plan next year failed to astonish investors.
A. amaze B. approve C. investigate
D. study E. harass
39. The disreputable behavior of this young lady appalled her friends.
A. horrified B. comforted C. satisfied
D. scolded E. challenged
40. Your essay on the predicament of overseas workers is quite interesting.
A. adventure B. success C. dilemma
D. wrath E. inspiration
41. The Philippines can do more to protect itself from the risk of natural catastrophes.
A. phenomena B. disasters C. mess
D. orderliness E. dangers
42. The CEO promised the shareholders that the new strategy will reap higher returns.
A. lose B. forfeit C. attain
D. increase E. give up
43. I hope the audience do not think that my lecture about religion is banal.
A. meaningful B. captivating C. holy
D. boring E. nonsense
44. Jessica had an acrimonious farewell with her two best friends.
A. bitter B. sad C. enjoyable
D. carefree E. strong

ENGLISH – Synonym
45. The teachers immediately felicitate the student winner of the extemporaneous speech.
A. approach B. congratulate C. award
D. advise E. scold
46. The public was warned about the pernicious effects of global warming.
A. adverse B. expansive C. prevalent
D. appropriate E. exuberant
47. This web site offers a broad-gauge set of online courses in digital photography for 50% off.
A. affordable B. exclusive C. adequate
D. comprehensive E. vigorous
48. The prices of vegetables in supermarkets every month are mercurial.
A. premium B. cheap C. volatile
D. steady E. expensive
49. Nancy told her boss to stop his amorous advances as she was already married.
A. generous B. aggressive C. wise
D. erotic E. candid
50. The aim of the debut party is to vindicate all the haters and losers who beset him.
A. absolve B. kill C. forgive
D. accuse E. criminate
51. Children become dubious when they think that their parents might reprimand them of their
actions.
A. problematic B. fluky C. providential
B. uncertain E. despondent
52. Economists use the word scarcity to convey the idea that resources are finite while human wants
are infinite.
A. limited B. vast C. consumable
D. exhaustible E. poor
53. He is neophyte artist of abstract painting.
A. professional B. novice C. prolific
D. creative E. young
54. A budget surplus befalls when government revenues exceed government expenditures.
A. confronts B. decreases C. rises
D. executes E. happens
55. If you have never heard of Vice Ganda, then you must be a recluse.
A. socializer B. potentate C. magnate
D. monarch E. hermit

ENGLISH – Synonym
56. The panelists questioned the veracity of the research data presented by an African student.
A. content B. decision C. implementation
D. redundancy E. truthfulness
57. Bernie became more loquacious after drinking a liter of Red Horse beer.
A. graceful B. confident C. talkative
D. dishonest E. awkward
58. Mr. Estrada's voice during class lecture is stentorian which is quite sufficient to keep all his
students awake the entire period.
A. scary B. toilsome C. irritating
D. loud E. engaging
59. The supplies and equipment provided to us are exiguous to meet the needs for our program
accreditation.
A. enough B. damaged C. useless
D. inadequate E. enormous
60. Using hand sanitizer is one effective way of preventing the spread of nocuous germs.
A. safe B. benign C. harmful
D. devilish E. mischievous
61. Millennials are constantly fascinated with latest fads in games, music and fashion.
A. customs B. demands C. traditions
D. trends E. stuff
62. Photography is his favorite diversion.
A. stress-reliever b. work C. vocation
D. art E. pastime
63. There should be somebody to vouch for the character references of that applicant.
A. certify B. refute C. admit
D. disclaim E. explain
64. He's such a grinch who always spoils our enjoyment on videoke singing.
A. killfun B. party popper C. pervert
D. overacting E. introvert
65. Dr. Conte is archetypal as he was awarded as the most outstanding educator of Pangasinan
State University.
A. marvelous B. stupendous C. exemplary
D. awful E. disgusting

CIVIL SERVICE EXAMINATION REVIEWER 2018 ENGLISH – Antonym
1. In line with the ISO compliance, the University adheres to many academic processes.
A. accords B. cleaves C. defies
D. conforms E. succumbs
2. The Philippine economy remains tenuous for the past 3 years.
A. flimsy B. futile C. robust
D. languid E. stable
3. Dynamite fishing causes the diminishing fish stocks in the sea.
A. increasing B. depleting C. dismounting
D. embarking E. adequate
4. Watching English movies is one the efficacious ways of improving knowledge in English language.
A. useless B. ineffective C. effectual
D. persuasive E. cogent
5. Since the entire Department faculty collaborated on the project, they successfully produced a
corporate video.
A. cooperated B. joined C. disengaged
D. disliked E. objected
6. Some developing countries are impoverished despite their vast natural resources.
A. destitute B. industrialized C. indigent
D. productive E. opulent
7. They reduced their operating costs to maximize business profits.
A. denounce B. magnify C. downgrade
D. optimize E. decrease
8. Let’s expedite the conduct of this pilot-run product promotion.
A. execute B. accelerate C. delay
D. secure E. interrupt
9. The store manager corroborated the claim of the sales clerk related to customer complaint's
incident.
A. neglected B. disseminated C. ratified
D. collaborated E. disprove
ANTONYM
Direction: Select the letter that corresponds to the word or phrase with closest opposite in meaning
to the bold and underlined word in each of the sentences. On the Answer Sheet, shade entirely the
box that corresponds to your answer.
22

10. With the implementation of K-12 program, the government is providing a paramount importance to
the education of our country's youth.
A. noble B. least C. premier
D. obligatory E. ordinary
11. The Senate and the House of Representatives concur that higher budget should be allocated to
national defense.
A. disagree B. coincide C. discuss
D. concede E. reject
12. The operator would be held liable if this apparatus is tampered.
A. chargeable B. obligated C. susceptible
D. unaccountable E. insensitive
13. That teacher is far from being complacent of his achievements.
A. apathetic B. concerned C. compliant
D. docile E. obedient
14. The Congress might approve the synchronous Barangay and SK elections.
A. contemporary B. coincidental C. non-simultaneous
D. debilitating E. untimely
15. The students and teachers of Pangasinan State University are affable to the AACUP accreditors.
A. cordial B. gracious C. unfriendly
D. disrespectful E. hateful
16. The doctor prescribed a medicine to a cancer patient to mitigate his suffering.
A. relieve B. soothe C. assure
D. aggravate E. solace
17. Gina Lopez firmly believes that illegal mining has deleterious consequences for environment.
A. benign B. gracious C. adverse
D. detrimental E. captious
18. He remained reticent about his brilliant ideas and suggestions regarding the project.
A. closemouthed B. secretive C. communicative
D. dishy E. dormant
19. The Economics teacher is very punctilious giving online assignment to his college students.
A. careful B. cognizant C. unmindful
D. inert E. constructive
20. Morgan is a proficient engineer as he can plan and design numerous buildings in a short period.
A. adept B. consummate C. urbane
D. inept E. worthless
23

21. It is said that woman is all about home and nurturing.
A. frustration B. upbringing C. nourishment
D. evil E. melancholy
22. His precarious source of living is illegal drug dealing.
A. exposed B. liable C. safe
D. invulnerable E. venturesome
23. Lea experienced a great affliction when she underwent dengue fever.
A. distress B. infection C. agony
D. euphoria E. anguish
24. The CEO promised the shareholders that the new strategy would reap higher returns.
A. get B. negate C. lose
D. acquire E. execute
25. The lack of financial support from the management has encumbered the construction of the
academic building
A. hindered B. assisted C. embarrassed
D. impeded E. constrained
26. Plenty of bird species have become endangered species due to their habitat destruction.
A. invulnerable B. protected C. susceptible
D. deteriorated E. imported
27. I observed a clamorous mob when I passed by the street.
A. vociferous B. dirty C. orderly
D. intriguing E. quiet
28. Fear is the enemy of hope, love and peace.
A. hostility B. antagonist C. foe
D. buddy E. agony
29. This occasion is an auspicious time to pay tribute to our beloved parents and teachers.
A. heartening B. joyous C. doleful
D. discouraging E. exclusive
30. In an attempt to revive a creeping economy, the government plans to impose incentives for private-
sector investors to invest in service industry this year.
A. snail-faced B. dying C. fast-moving
D. inactive E. rich
31. That online shop is praised for its expeditious action of customer complaints.
A. slow B. unfair C. late
D. prompt E. rude
24

32. Economists predict that the economies of both Brazil and Russia are expected to shrink five years
from now.
A. balloon B. contract C. build
D. compel E. constrain
33. The provincial governor appeared completely unprepared to handle the most obvious attacks that
would be directed against him.
A. unready B. fortified C. flat-footed
D. unqualified E. half-cocked
34. The struggle to prepare a civil service examination reviewer has been long and laborious.
A. easy B. hectic C. toxic
D. invigorating E. inactive
35. One duty of a public employee is to become hasty in the processing of documents and papers.
A. zippy B. speedy C. frisky
D. ineffective E. snail-paced
36. Some economists are pessimistic about the economic performance of the economy in the near
future.
A. hopeful B. bearish C. gloomy
D. cynical E. licentious
37. Incredible phenomena happen all around us every day.
A. believable B. plausible C. amazing
D. common E. perplexing
38. After a month of driving lessons, I feel assured about passing the road test.
A. diffident B. sanguine C. empty
D. assertive E. bothered
39. I find that just two hours of exercise daily ameliorates my pressures and worries.
A. feels better B. aggravates C. exhausts
D. makes worse E. enriches
40. She visited a circus and saw groovy performances.
A. awesome B. marvelous C. terrible
D. abnormal E. atypical
25

CIVIL SERVICE EXAMINATION REVIEWER 2018 ENGLISH – Identifying Grammatical Errors
1. One in four people around the world suffers from abdomen cramping and discomfort.
A. B. C. D. E. No error
2. The site of the farm in relation to its distance also determine the type of crops to be grown.
3. Despite of his success, the tycoon was far from being complacent of his renowned status.
4. The growing number of Filipino engineers going abroad implies that they see greener pasture
A. B. C.
working outside the Philippines.
D E. No error
5. The corporation continuously looks for various ways and means to further optimize its financial
B. C.
performance and maintaining its current profitability.
D. E. No error
6. Some Filipino fresh college graduates perceive that there is no works available in the labor market.
A. B. C. D. E. No Error
7. The company ensured all the warehouse buildings against fire and flood damage.
8. Net exports will experience strong growth as demand for agricultural products, which accounts for
A. B. C.
one-third of total exports, remains robust.
D. E. No error
9. No scientists can completely explain gravity, exactly defines all the components of an atom, or
A. B. C.
interpret the exact nature of time.
D. E. No error
10. This week Aileen’s mother is away on business so she is cooked lunch and dinner for herself.
11. The guest of honor, along with his wife and five daughters was seated at the front table.
12. At less three of the five Chinese hybrid rice varieties were tested by IRRI in the country.
13. The high bookshelfs in the library had Physics books by their favorite author.
IDENTYFYING GRAMMATICAL ERRORS
Direction: In each of the sentences, select the underlined word or phrase labelled A, B, C, or D
which is erroneous in English language. Choose E if there is no error. On the Answer Sheet, shade
entirely the box that corresponds to your answer.
26
A.

14. The fast advancement of media technology has had a dramatic influence on the way people
A. B. C.
communicate for a daily basis.
D. E. No error
15. Before the game began, the audience entered the arena and shout their warm greetings to the
A. B. C.
players.
D. E. No error
16. Studies clearly indicate that one out of two Filipinos are at risk of osteoporosis.
17. Sulfur oxides coming from factory wastes and automobile exhausts cause acid rain.
18. The demand of goods and services are determined by different factors such as the price of the
A. B. C.
products and the income of consumers.
D. E. No error
19. Each one of them agrees with the project proposal but a few of us does not.
20. That country has now adapted a federal form of government.
21. A nurse has a task of understanding the patient physical and emotional needs.
22. Grace always arrive on time for meetings and other occasions.
A. B. C. D E. No error
23. The alarming and past depletion of natural resources now requires everyone's involvement.
24. The painters brought them pencils, sketch pads and oil paints to create an artwork.
25. The police in this country does not carry guns when they are in a religious place. E. No error
A. B. C. D.
26. Sam is a curly haired, blue-eyed and long-legged young man wearing a brand-new jean.
27. Sarah Williams believe that your job as a fashion designer is harder than hers.
28. A marketer who wants to be successful need to have a strong digital marketing strategy.
29. I think two of the best things about Google Classroom as a learning management system is its
A. B. C.
simplicity.
D E. No error
27

30. If you want to buy a car in the near future, you must to establish and maintain good credit now.
31. Economics are the study of how people choose to use and allocate their scarce resources to
A. B. C.
satisfy their nearly unlimited wants.
D. E. No error
32. Each of the delegates at the National Conference for Women Educators read a statement of
A. B.
policy from her school.
C. D. E. No error
33. The teacher instructs his students to work as quick as they can but as carefully as possible in
A. B. C.
taking the test.
D. E. No error
34. Each chapter contains two sets of exercises that can be used to built an individualized study plan
A. B. C.
for each student.
D. E. No error
35. My friend gave me a solid advise when he told me to buy that house and lot.
36. The sixth problem is really difficult, but the rest is easy.
37. I’m actually boring with all the school tasks we are doing today.
38. Economists utilize graphs to present data, represent relationships between variable, and explain
A. B. C.
economic concepts.
D. E. No error
39. In a market system, prices provide individuals the information they need to makes decisions.
40. Medical studies indicate that strong social networks enhance the immune system's ability to fight
A. B. C.
of infectious diseases.
D. E. No error
41. Between the versatile actresses the Philippine cinema has, I believe that Nora Aunor is the best.
42. Becoming certain about your priorities is the first step toward attaining a well balanced life.
A. B. C. D. E. no error
43. Filipinos work more hours and take few vacations than workers in Thailand and Singapore.
28

44. In a moment, I'm going to ask you the three most fundamental question in the world, but first let's
A. B.
look at how life works for most people.
C. D. E. No error
45. The affect of increased excise taxes in sweetened beverages is already felt by the consumers.
46. Although the father assured her she was going to be the prettier bridesmaid in her wedding,
A. B. C.
Maria Mercedes was unhappy.
D. E. No error
47. After about a one hour the university administration declared that there would be suspension of
A. B. C.
classes due to typhoon.
D. E. No error
48. A public good is available for everyone to utilize or use regardless of who pays and who didn’t.
49. A merchandizer should shelf the products at the entrance of the aisle based on the traffic flow.
50. The process of changing liquid water into its vapor state is called for evaporation.
51. There are more job opportunities in BPO industry than in real state industry today.
52. The Philippines government estimates that about 6% of the members of the labor force are
A. B. C.
unemployed.
D. E. No error
53. Market failure happen when a market doesn’t generate the most efficient outcome.
54. Merchandising companies buy goods that are ready for sell and then offer these to consumers.
55. In geometry, an isoceles triangle is a figure that has two sides of equal length.
56. Advertising is one the most effective means for firms to promote and boast the sales of their
A. B. C.
products.
D. E. No error
57. The economy of the Philippines is one of the fastest-growing economy in Asia posting high GDP
A. B. C.
growth rates from 2012 to 2015.
D. E. No error
58. Having eaten and drink too much coffee the night before, he woke up with a migraine.
29

59. The number of drug addicts in the country are now horrifying.
60. Providing instructions before something is performed make an activity easier and quicker to do.
61. Creative artists emphasize their subjects in terms of there own interests and experiences.
62. Students should cut back the amount of time they spend on social networking and spent more
A. B. C.
time with stuff that bring them pleasure or enjoyment.
D. E. No error
63. To be a effective artist, one must see things with love, appreciation and understanding.
64. Most people believe that unforgettable experiences are those that happen unexpectedly.
A. B. C. D.
65. An ecosystem is a community plus a sit of abiotic factors.
66. According with Aristotle, education is an ornament of prosperity and a refuge in adversity.
67. Teaching economics enriches students’ mind in dealing to the economy.
68. A number of commentators have recently declared their unfavorable support for federal form of
government.
69. Undoubtedly, Hundred Islands in Pangasinan is one of the country’s popular scenic spot.
70. Everyone watches as their chemistry professor performs the experiment.
30

CIVIL SERVICE EXAMINATION REVIEWER 2018 ENGLISH – Sentence Structure
1. (A) A Filipino has to be either a student or senior citizen to get a 20% fare discount.
(B) A Filipino to be either has a student or senior citizen to get a 20% fare discount.
(C) Either a Filipino has to be a student or senior citizen to get a 20% fare discount.
(D) To get a 20% fare discount, a Filipino either has to be a student or senior citizen.
(E) Either a student or senior citizen has to be a Filipino to get a 20% fare discount.
2. (A) We need a dance presentation in our choreographer.
(B) Dance presentation is need for our choreographer.
(C) Dance presentation for we need a choreographer.
(D) We choreographer need for our dance presentation.
(E) We need a choreographer for our dance presentation.
3. (A) The agriculture is science and art of producing crops and raising livestock.
(B) Science and art of producing crops and raising livestock is the agriculture.
(C) Agriculture is the science and art of producing crops and raising livestock.
(D) Producing crops and raising livestock is the science and art of agriculture.
(E) Agriculture of producing crops and raising livestock is the science and art.
4. (A) There is a level of productivity of employees between time spent on social media and
relationship.
(B) Between time spent on social media level of productivity there is a relationship of employees.
(C) There is a relationship of employees between time spent on social media and level of
productivity.
(D) There is time spent on social media and level of productivity of employees between a
relationship.
(E) There is a relationship between time spent on social media and level of productivity of
employees.
5. (A) Three hamburgers today eat by Patty she said
(B) It is said that Patty eats three hamburgers today.
(C) Today, Patty said three hamburgers eat by her.
(D) Patty says that she eat three hamburgers today.
(E) Patty is said to eat three hamburgers today.
6. (A) It is reported that fourteen civilians was killed in the bomb explosion in Davao.
(B) It is reported that fourteen civilians killed the bomb explosion in Davao.
(C) Fourteen civilians are reported to have been killed in the bomb explosion in Davao.
(D) Fourteen civilians are reported to kill the bomb explosion in Davao.
(E) Bomb explosion in Davao is reported to have been killed by fourteen civilians.
7. (A) She couldn’t slept because she couldn’t stop thinking about Francis.
(B) The reason she couldn’t sleep is that she couldn’t stop thinking about Francis.
(C) The reason she couldn’t sleep is because she couldn’t stop thinking about Francis.
(D) The reason she couldn’t think is that she couldn’t stop sleeping about Francis.
(E) The reason she couldn’t sleep is that she couldn’t stop thinking about Francis.
SENTENCE STRUCURE
Direction: Select the letter that corresponds to the correct sentence which is acceptable in formal
written English. On the Answer Sheet, shade entirely the box that corresponds to your answer.
31

8. (A) Some see his background to corporate finance to be a hindrance in reforming the business.
(B) He is seen as a hindrance to reforming the business as for his some background in corporate
finance.
(C) His background in corporate finance is seen by some as a hindrance to reforming the business.
(D) He is seen by some as a hindrance to reforming the business and background in corporate
finance.
(E) Reforming the business is seen by some as his background in corporate finance.
9. (A) A bar chart is a graph of a frequency distribution of categorical data.
(B) A bar chart is a frequency distribution that graphs categorical data.
(C) A bar graph is a chart and frequency distribution in categorical data.
(D) The graph in a frequency distribution of categorical data is a bar chart.
(E) The frequency distribution of categorical data is the graph of the bar chart.
10. (A) Do not track the users that there are many search engines.
(B) There are many search engines that don’t track their users.
(C) Many search engines don't track if there are users.
(D) Users of search engines that do no track their many.
(E) Search engines that don't track the many are users.
11. (A) To taste dishes from countries around the world it’s fascinating.
(B) Around the world from countries, it’s fascinating to taste dishes.
(C) It’s fascinating to taste dishes from countries around the world.
(D) Dishes taste from countries around the world it’s fascinating.
(E) It’s fascinating from countries to taste dishes around the world.
12. (A) Gross Domestic Product (GDP) measures the given time period in a market value of all final
goods and services produced in the economy.
(B) Gross Domestic Product (GDP) produced in the economy in a given time period measures the
market value of all final goods and services.
(C) Gross Domestic Product (GDP) produced in the economy measures the market value of all
final goods and services. in a given time period.
(D) Gross Domestic Product (GDP) measures the market value of all final goods and services
produced in the economy in a given time period.
(E) Gross Domestic Product (GDP) measures the market value of all produced final goods and
services in a given time period in the economy.
13. (A) A country is a Philippines consisting of about 7,641 islands.
(B) Consisting of about 7,641 islands is a Philippine country.
(C) The Philippines is a country consisting of about 7,641 islands.
(D) About 7,641 islands consist a country of the Philippines.
(E) Philippines consisting about of 7,641 islands is a country.
14. (A) Amaia lived in a modern spacious condominium.
(B) In a spacious modern condominium lived Amaia.
(C) Amaia lived in a spacious modern condominium.
(D) A spacious modern condominium Amaia lived in.
(E) Condominium is a spacious modern lived in by Amaia.
15. (A) Erna finally went to the faculty room and talked frightened and exasperated to Lorna.
(B) Frightened and exasperated, Erna finally went to the faculty room and talked to Lorna.
(C) Talking to Lorna finally frightened and exasperated Erna went to the faculty room.
(D) Frightened and exasperated by the faculty room, Erna went and talked to Lorna.
(E) Erna talked to Lorna and finally went to the frightened and exasperated faculty room.
32

16. (A) Rodrigo Duterte was born in 1945 in Maasin, Leyte.
(B) Rodrigo Duterte in Maasin Leyte was born in 1945.
(C) In 1945, Rodrigo Duterte in Maasin, Leyte, was born.
(D) Rodrigo Duterte in 1945 was born in Maasin, Leyte.
(E) Rodrigo Duterte was born in Maasin, Leyte in 1945.
17. (A) What are significant findings of your research work?
(B) What are the significant findings of your research work?
(C) What of your research works are the significant findings?
(D) What research works are your significant findings?
(E) What are the findings of your research work significant?
18. (A) Between rose and poetry, most likely what is the difference?
(B) What between prose and poetry most likely the difference?
(C) What is most likely the difference between prose and poetry?
(D) What is the difference between most likely prose and poetry?
(E) The difference between prose and poetry is most likely what?
19. (A) The milk tea is a popular drink today.
(B) Today, the milk tea is the popular drink.
(C) The popular today drink is milk tea.
(D) Milk tea is a popular drink today.
(E) Popular milk tea today is a drink.
20. (A) To live life healthily is taking cholesterol moderately.
(B) To live life healthily is to take cholesterol moderately.
(C) To live life healthily is moderately taking cholesterol.
(D) To live life healthily is moderate take of cholesterol.
(E) To live life healthily is take cholesterol moderately.
21. (A) Having finished the meal, school project was quickly done.
(B) Having finished the meal, school project was quickly done by him.
(C) Having finished the meal, quickly he did his school project.
(D) Having finished the meal, he was done quickly with his project.
(E) Having finished the meal, he quickly did his school project.
22. (A) That table in Makati City lives the boy.
(B) The boy lives in Makati City at that table.
(C) The boy lives in that table at Makati City.
(D) In Makati City, the boy lives at that table.
(E) The boy at that table lives in Makati City.
23. (A) The mysterious rich man is believed to leave in Quezon City.
(B) Believe the mysterious rich man as he is living in Quezon City.
(C) It is believed that the mysterious rich man is living in Quezon City.
(D) Quezon City is believed to be the living of the mysterious rich man.
(E) Living in Quezon City is believed to be a mysterious rich man.
24. (A) In order to get to sleep, she reads a really boring book at bedtime.
(B) In order to get to sleep, she really reads a boring book in bedtime.
(C) In order to asleep, really she reads a boring book in bedtime.
(D) In order to get to bed, she reads a really boring book during sleep time.
(E) In order to fall asleep, she reads a boring book really at bedtime.
33

25. (A) Sociologists shape on focus on the social forces of human activity.
(B) Social forces that sociologists focus on shape human activity.
(C) Social forces that shape human activity is focused on sociologists.
(D) Sociologists focus on the social forces that shape human activity.
(E) The focus of sociologists shapes the social forces of human activity.
26. (A) The overall tax burden of the government and the middle class will be lessened by the poor.
(B) The poor and middle class will lessen the overall tax burden of the government.
(C) The government will lessen the poor and middle class to burden overall tax.
(D) To lessen the overall tax, the government will burden the poor and the middle class.
(E) The government will lessen the overall tax burden of the poor and the middle class.
27. (A) You and me are late for our Economics class, are we?
(B) Aren't we late for our Economics class you and me?
(C) Are we late for our Economics class you and me?
(D) You and me are late for our Economics class, aren't they?
(E) You and me are late for our Economics class, aren't we?
28. (A) The commuters were afraid of missing the last bus.
(B) The commuters were afraid to missing the last bus.
(C) The commuters was afraid for missing the last bus.
(D) The commuters were afraid of to missed the last bus.
(E) The commuters were afraid for to miss the last bus.
29. (A) It is risky to driving fast in busy streets.
(B) It is risky to drive fastly in busy streets.
(C) It is risky to drive fast in busy streets.
(D) It is risky to drives fast in busy streets.
(E) It is risky to drive fasts in busy streets.
30. (A) Under a mango tree branch mothers sat in the few shade.
(B) The shade under a mango tree branch mothers sat a few.
(C) A few mothers sat in the shade under a mango tree branch.
(D) Mothers under a mango tree branch sat in the few shade.
(E) A few mothers under a mango tree branch sat in the shade.
34

CIVIL SERVICE EXAMINATION REVIEWER 2018 ENGLISH – Paragraph Organization
1. A. I purchased three houses in the last five years, all of which I bought without a down payment
and after a minimal credit check.
B. The last house, which I had built, cost me 1.8 million pesos.
C. I sold two of the houses fairly easily.
D. This drop in prices means I have to sell this house for a price below what I paid for it.
E. Now, due to the economy and a housing slump, brand-new houses on our street are selling for
between 1.1 to 1.5 million pesos.
A. ACBED B. ADECB C. ABCDE
D. BCADE E. DCABE
2. A. He spent time in jail for his crimes.
B. Fighting, illegal drug dealing and rough language were part of his life.
C. Kardo was a gangster.
D. After he developed the desire to serve God, he stopped his ad practices and decided to clean
his life.
E. Despite his lifestyle, Kardo longed to know God.
A. CABDE B. BACDE C. CBAED
D. ACBED E. CDEBA
3. A. But many do not know what they are living for or why there are here.
B. They are also those who live to help others.
C. Others live to perfect their artistic skills.
D. Some live to make a name in the world.
E. Many people are living for money and for what it can buy.
A. DEABC B. EDCBA C. ABDEC
D. EADCB E. ECBAD
4. A. Price ceilings create shortages.
B. Shortage is measured by the difference between the quantity demanded at the controlled price.
and the quantity supplied at the controlled price.
C. Economists call it a price ceiling because prices cannot legally go higher than the ceiling.
D. At the controlled price, the quantity demanded exceeds the quantity supplied, creating a
shortage.
E. When the maximum price that can be legally charged is below the market price, we say that
there is a price ceiling. (Cowen, 2013)
A. EACDB B. ABEDC C. EADBC
D. DCABE E. ECABD
5. A. You want them to be happy, and happiness usually means that they get “stuff.”
B. First, let me stress that I love children.
C. However, I also have to say that the cost of raising them continues to surprise me.
D. Given that I have five of them, it should be obvious.
E. It’s very difficult to say no to your children.
A. BEDCA B. CBAED C. DBACE
D. BDCEA E. AEDCB
PARAGRAPH ORGANIZATION
Direction: In each group of sentences, select the letter that gives the correct order of sentences
resulting to a well-developed paragraph. On the Answer Sheet, shade entirely the box that
corresponds to your answer.
35

6. A. One of the most pressing environmental concerns is global warning.
B. It's being assailed by destructive forces left and right.
C. The earth is ailing.
D. Scientists are finding more and more signs and symptoms of Earth's worsening condition.
E. They are looking at all possible indicators and studying what can be done to stop global warning.
A. CBADE B. CDEAB C. ABCED
D. DECAB E. CABED
7. A. Because they are poor, they have little or no extra output available for savings—it must all go to
feed and clothe the present generation.
B. To accumulate capital, they must save (consume less than they produce).
C. For output to grow, they must accumulate capital.
D. Poor countries are trapped in a vicious circle of poverty.
E. Thus, they are doomed to stay poor forever. (Case, 2012)
A. DABCE B. BDCEA C. DCBAE
D. EBCAD E. BADEC
8. A. Generally, the parliamentary form of government is characterized by the fusion of the executive
and legislative branches of the government.
B. Its primary source of power and authority is the parliament or legislature.
C. The chief executive officer of the government is the Prime Minister.
D. He is the leader of the parliament.
E. Thus, there is efficient coordination of legislative and executive function.
A. ACDBE B. AEBDE C. CDBAE
D. BCDAE E. ABCDE
9. A. Thousands of firms engage in producing millions of different goods.
B. Take peanuts, for example. They must be harvested at the right time and shipped to processors
who turn them into peanut butter, peanut oil, peanut brittle, and numerous other peanut delicacies.
C. A modern economy is a very complicated place.
D. Millions of individuals work in all sorts of occupations and make decisions about which of these
goods to buy.
E. These processors, in turn, must make certain that their products arrive at thousands of retail
outlets in the proper quantities to meet demand.
A. CADBE B. ADCEB C. EDCBA
D. CDAEB E. CBEAD
10. A. The new varieties that are grown for their flesh are seedless.
B. Some are grown for seeds and some are grown for their flesh.
C. It has a smooth outer skin and juicy edible fruit.
D. It contains about 93% of water.
E. Pakwan or watermelon is a large sweet fruit that usually weighs from 2 to 18 kilos.
A. BAECD B. ECDAB C. EDCAB
D. CDABE E. EDCBA
11. A. The poor learners, on the other hand, often rely too heavily on the teacher and have a passive
uninvolved attitude.
B. Good learners take an active approach to the learning task.
C. They prefer learning goals and look for ways to study effectively.
D. Likewise, they look for opportunities to read and study their lessons.
E. Moreover, they truly try to understand their subjects.
36

A. BCDEA B. BDECA C. ABCDE
D. BECDA E. BACDE
12. A. Do corporate firms pay more taxes than the consumers?
B. Data collection and analysis allow researchers to answer such questions.
C. Is the price level of goods and services on the rise?
D. Statistical studies are undertaken to answer questions about how the economy works
E. Is a new economic policy effective in reducing poverty?
A. DBACE B. DECAB C. DCEAB
D. EBADC E. BCEAD
13. A. Productivity is kept high because of competitive compensation resulting in proper motivation of
the workers.
B. Human resources management can reduce operating costs specifically in the areas of
distribution, advertising and promotion.
C. Because the workers are properly trained keeping service and repair costs are kept to a
minimum.
D. The company will not waste valuable time because the workers are properly screened insuring
their competence.
E. Properly trained workers can help make the distribution more effective and efficient, thus
increasing customer satisfaction.
A. EDACB B. BAEDC C. BEDAC
D. DCABE E. DABCE
14. A. In a market system, entrepreneurs decide what goods and services to produce and how to
produce them.
B. An entrepreneur starting a new business puts his own funds at risk.
C. An entrepreneur is someone who manages a business.
D. If an entrepreneur is wrong about what consumers want or about the best way to produce goods
and services, the entrepreneur’s funds can be lost.
E. Without entrepreneurs willing to assume the risk of starting and operating businesses, economic
progress would be impossible in a market system.
A. CABDE B. CBAED C. ABCED
D. CBAED E. EDBCA
15. A. Due to 1997 Asian financial crisis, the peso devalued from 26 per dollar in May 1997 to 40 in1998
and about 50 in 2001.
B. Several devaluations were followed, with the peso trading at 11 per dollar in 1983, and 20 per
dollar three years later.
C. In the 1950s, the exchange rate was 2 pesos against the US dollar.
D. In the early 1990s, the peso devalued again to 28 per dollar.
E. The fluctuating free rate was abolished in 1965. (Wikipedia, Philippine exchange rate)
A. CAEBD B. AEBCD C. ECDBA
D. BCDAE E. CEBDA
37

CIVIL SERVICE EXAMINATION REVIEWER 2018 ENGLISH – Reading Comprehension
A. Illusion
Jameson N. Estrada
A place where possibilities are limitless
And distress and anguish are thoughtless
A place where freedom and wisdom encounter
And happiness and humor suffer
A world where fantasy replaces reality
And weakness becomes vitality
Here, dreams and missions would be in completion
And triumph or success would not be forgotten
A place for silence, peace and power
Where nuisance and turmoil may conquer
A world where goodness or morality can transpire
And those fury and dislikes do not occur
A world where true love is vested with power
That would be cherished and lasted forever
No one could be a destroyer
For this wonderful gift you would treasure
Here, no one could be an oppressor
Who makes your life in danger
Here, being a slave or poor is not a factor
Because wealth and luxury is secured
Come, have and hope for a journey
To a vast world in your mind and body
Open your mind in an endless perception
To enter the world of matchless illusion
1. Based on the poem, what is the feeling of the poet?
A. Pessimistic B. Gloomy C. Optimistic
D. Festive E. Miserable
2. What is the antonym of the word turmoil in the poem?
A. Confusion B. Chaos C. Orderliness
D. Extravagance E. Hassle
3. Which of the following doesn’t exist in the world of illusion?
A. True love B. Peace C. Freedom
D. Goodness E. Oppression
READING COMPREHENSION
Direction: Read each selection and answer the questions that follow. Select the letter that
corresponding to the correct answer in each question. On the Answer Sheet, shade entirely the box
that corresponds to your answer.
38

4. Which of the following exists in the world of illusion?
A. Wealth B. Danger C. Fury
D. Nuisance E. Poverty
5. How does a person enter the world of illusion?
A. By not forgetting triumph and success
B. By having impossible dreams
C. By believing fantasies
D. By opening mind in an endless perception
E. By means of transportation system
B. Blood types play an important role in blood transfusions. Human blood have been classified into
various types or groups based on the presence or absence of certain antigens on the membrane
of red blood cells. Blood type A has antigen A and anti-body B. Blood type B has antigen B and
anti-body A. Blood type AB has antigens A and B and no antibody. While blood type O has no
antigen but its antibodies are A and B. A patient cannot have the antibody against his own antigen
because it will result in the clumping of red blood cells and results in serious illness or even death.
Blood type O is called the universal donor because it has no antigen, so it can be given to any type
but it cannot accept any type except O. While blood type AB is called the universal recipient
because it has no antibody so it can accept any type of blood. (World Book Encyclopedia, 2010)
6. How many types does the human blood have?
A. One B. Two C. Three
D. Four E. Five
7. Certain antigens on the membrane of red blood cells are absent on what blood types?
A. A B. B C. AB
D. O E. Both C and D
8. A patient with blood type A may aggravate his illness or suffer from death if he accepts what blood
type?
A. A B. B C. AB
D. O E. Any of these
9. Why blood type O is most likely regarded as a universal donor?
A. It has antigen.
B. It has no antibody.
C. It can receive or accept any blood type.
D. It can be used by any blood type.
E. It plays an important role in blood transfusion.
10. Which statement about blood types is false?
A. Type O can be transfused to type AB.
B. Type AB can receive type B.
C. Type B can have its own antigen.
D. Type A cannot accept type B.
E. Type O can accept type A.
39

C. Some countries fail to achieve economic growth because of poverty trap, physical geography, fiscal
trap, government failures demographic trap and socio-cultural barriers. To overcome the greatest
challenge in poverty trap, rich countries must invest to help the poor countries, while the latter should
use their own capital for the poor and not to build arms. There exist programs to reduce poverty.
The Millennium Development Goals(MDG) highlight poverty reduction and are being pushed through
with the help of world strategies and public policies. Other suggested Philippine strategies are to
adopt a balanced development strategy and to synchronize education and training. Studies on
happiness and poverty show that poor countries are happier than rich countries because of habit
and less rivalry. Moreover, the happy state of the poor countries is a flow which provides clear goals,
unambiguous feedback and a sense of control. (Mercado, 2007)
11. Which of these best describes the idea/topic pointed out in the selection?
A. Economic growth B. Poverty C. Happiness
D. Poor and rich countries E. Millennium Development Goals
12. The word latter is the second sentence pertains to
A. poor countries. B. own capital. C. rich countries.
D. poverty trap. E. economic growth.
13. The world rivalry means
A. resource. B. conflict. C. success.
D. independence. E. consciousness.
14. According to the passage, poor nations are merrier than rich nations because of
A. absence of terrorism. B. economic growth. C. less dispute.
D. high sense of control E. balanced development strategy.
15. Issues on taxation and government expenditures pertain to what economic growth's obstacle?
A. Fiscal trap B. Socio-cultural barrier C. Poverty trap
D. Government failures E. Physical and demographic trap
D. Indications: It is used for the symptomatic treatment of nasal congestion and effective relief of
postnatal drip associated with common cold, rhinitis and sinusitis.
Precaution: Use in caution with patients with high blood pressure, toxic goiter, glaucoma and in
those taking antidepressants. Patients with cardiovascular and pulmonary diseases should consult
the doctor prior to taking the medicine. Don't exceed the recommended dosage unless directed by
the physician. This preparation may cause sedation, and drowsiness. If relief doesn't occur within
a week, discontinue use and consult your physician.
Dosage: Adults twelve years old and over should take 3 teaspoonfuls. Children 7 - 12 years old
should take 2 teaspoonfuls, while children below six years should take 1 teaspoonful (5ml).
Preparation should be given orally every six hours as prescribed by the physician.
16. The label indicates that the medicine is generally prescribes to treat
A. cardiovascular disorder. B. nasal congestion. C. high blood.
D. bronchial irritation. E. headache.
17. A 15-year old boy must
A. not take the recommended preparation.
B. take a 15-ml dosage of preparation.
C. take three tablespoonfuls of this preparation.
D. take more than the required usual dosage.
E. take two teaspoonfuls of the preparation.
40

18. Which of the following should take the prescribed medication with care and consultation from the
doctor?
A. Someone with heart ailment
B. Someone with high blood pressure
C. Someone who has glaucoma
D. Someone who is taking antidepressants
E. All of these
19. Exceeding the required dosage of the medication may
A. result to death.
B. cause drowsiness and sedation.
C. aggravate the nasal congestion.
D. fast result to fast treatment of illness.
E. cause addiction.
20. If the medication doesn't work within the specified relief time, a patient should
A. take more than the recommended dosage.
B. ask for a replacement of the medicine.
C. stop taking it and see a doctor.
D. still continue using it until the medicine lasts.
E. take a rest.
E. An agar is a gel forming material found in the cell of wall of several species of red algae. It is used
as solidifying agent in the preparation of candies, creams and lotions, and canned fish and meat;
as a texturizer or emulsifier in ice cream and frozen desserts; as a clarifying agent in winemaking
and brewing; and as sizing material in fabrics. It is an excellent laboratory medium for growing
bacteria, because it is not dissolved by salts or consumed by most microorganisms. Agar is
extracted from seaweed by boiling and is cooled and dried and sold as flakes or cakes. Different
species of red algae provide agar and carrageenan, which are used for the preparation of various
gels used in scientific research. Some red algae are used as a nutrient medium for growing bacteria
and fungi and also in the food and drug industries. (Dela Cruz, 2009)
21. The selection mainly tells about
A. how agar is produced?
B. the importance of agar in general.
C. the various types of algae.
D. the contribution of agar to scientists.
E. the process of preparing agar.
22. Agar serves as an emulsifying agent in the preparation of
A. fabrics. B. wine. C. frozen desserts.
D. creams and lotions. E. all of the above.
23. Why does an agar utilize as a laboratory medium for growing bacteria and fungi?
A. It can be dissolved by any chemical means.
B. It serves a nutrient medium for most microorganisms.
C. It is used to prepare gels which are essential for growing microorganisms.
D. It is produced by most microorganisms.
E. All of the foregoing are possible answers.
24. Extraction of agar from red algae is done through
A. freezing. B. boiling. C. drying.
D. cooling. E. melting.
41

25. Agar is a
B. solidifying agent. C. texturizer.
D. nutrient medium for bacteria. E. all of these.
F. A logical person is a reasonable person, that is, one who can form sharp, clear, and correct ideas,
who can communicate these in effective language, and ho can translate them into consistent
behavior. A logical person keeps asking "Why" - a question somehow expected of man, but not of
other mundane creatures. This persistent seeking of reasons for our conclusions has impelled
philosophers to develop the science of logic. Aristotle, one of the earliest organizers of this branch
of knowledge, and Thomas Aquinas the philosophical genius of the thirteenth century, together
man the bulwark of what we call traditional logic. Latter-day logicians such as John Stuart Mill, de
Morgan, Bertrand Russell, and C.S Pierce have contributed to this continuing interest in the
reasoning power of man. (Bergmann, 2011)
26. Which is not always true about a logical person?
A. He must be a genius.
B. He is a good listener.
C. He effectively arrives at the truth.
D. He can easily communicate.
E. He can formulate bright and correct ideas.
27. Based on the selection, which of these questions a logical person always asks?
A. Where did it come from? B. Why does it happen? C. Which is to be accepted?
D. Who is the suspect? E. How will it end?
28. Who is not mentioned in the passage?
A. Plato B. Thomas Aquinas C. C. C.S Pierce
D. John Stuart Mill E. Bertrand Russell
29. It is implied in the selection that logic was first developed by
A. Aristotle. B. Thomas Aquinas. C. C.S Pierce.
D. John Stuart Mill. E. Bertrand Russell.
30. The word mundane in the selection means
A. ordinary. B. defensive. C. special.
D. worthy. E. rational.
G. What do paint, milk, blood, mayonnaise, fog and ruby glass have in common? All of them are
examples of colloids. A colloid is another type of mixture. The size of the components of this type
of mixture are smaller than those of suspensions, but bigger than those of solutions. Colloids are
heterogenous mixture. This means that there is more than one distinct phase that can be
distinguished. At times, you may use the microscope to see the distinct phases. Also, colloids
exhibit other unique characteristics such as Tyndal effect, Brownian motion, adsorption and
electrical charge effect. (McMurry, 2012)
31. The selection is mainly about the
A. importance of colloids. B. types of mixture. C. properties of colloids.
D. examples of colloids. E. uses of colloids.
42
A. clarifying agent.

32. Milk is
A. a type of mixture. B. a solution. C. a compound.
D. a colloid. E. both a colloid and a solution.
33. Which is not a unique property of colloid?
A. Adsorption B. Tyndal effect C. Brownian motion
D. Suspension E. Heterogeneity
34. What is the word that describes the colloid’s more than one distinct phase?
A. Element B. Compound C. Homogenous
D. Heterogeneous E. Mixture
35. Which of these statements is true?
A. The components’ sizes of solutions are smaller than those of suspensions.
B. Colloids have a single distinct phase.
C. All colloids are in the form of food products.
D. All mixture types exhibit a special property called Tyndal effect.
E. Colloid’s distinct phase cannot be seen by the naked eye.
36. The "Economy Game" is a detailed, challenging and strategic expenditure trading game which
is used as an instructional material in Macroeconomics subject. In this game, the players
may act or represent as a household, firm, government or foreign sector to buy, trade or
acquire expenditures such as consumption spending, investment spending, government
spending and net export spending. By performing the roles of the economic sectors and
taking into considerations various macroeconomics concepts such as
consumption, income, production, inflation, deflation, employment, unemployment,
underground economy, business cycle, Gross Domestic Product, recession, depression, money
and taxes, the goal is to dominate the play by acquiring expenditure items as many and high
as possible to become the richest player at the end. This game can be played by 2 to 6
players. Ideally the game is played by 4 players. Set-up time ranges from 5 – 10 minutes and
the playing time is about 1 – 3 hours. The game equipment consists of a board, 2 dice, 4
tokens, 2 decks of playing cards, play moneys, a facilitator’s tray and a transaction pad.
(Jameson Estrada, 2017)
36. In general, the selection is basically about the
A. description of the game. B. plan for playing the game. C. mechanics of the game.
E. tactics to win the game. D. benefits and advantages of the game.
37. The "Economy Game" is best played if there are
A. 10 players. B. 5 players. C. 6 players.
D. 4 players. E. 1 player.
38. Which of these is not a game material in playing the "Economy Game"?
A. Decks of cards B. Tokens C. Board game
D. Dice E. Silver coins
39. All of these are economic concepts used in the game, except,
A. inflation. B. unemployment. C. business cycle.
D. underground economy. E. utility.
43

40. What is the goal of the players in the game?
A. To become the richest player
B. To forego expenditure items
C. To score 1 million points
D. To acquire all the expenditure items.
E. To become the smartest player.
I. There is abundance of snack foods in the market today but few incorporate substantial nutrients.
Since this kind of food is popular to the young, the group ascertained that a nutritious alternative
would be inevitable. The group choose Eucheuma cottonii, a kind of seaweed to produce snack
food. Seaweed is high in iodine and has relatively large amount of protein and carbohydrates. The
seaweed materials were flown in from Cebu. The samples were granulated then mixed with flour,
water and flavoring. This was made into chips. The chips prepared were tested for acceptability
using the affective sensory evaluation. The Friedmann’s and Chi-squared statistical tests were
used to determine the most acceptable among the treatments. It was found from the nutrient test
that seaweed samples have mineral amount of fat and protein but rich in carbohydrates. It was
concluded that seaweed chips are feasible as a carbohydrate—and-iodine-rich nutritional snack
food. (Reyes, 2006)
41. The main objective of this research is to
A. determine the essential nutritional values of seaweeds.
B. to make seaweeds as a viable source of alternative food.
C. to produce affordable snack food from seaweeds.
D. to increase seaweed consumption for human and animal.
E. to discover different methods in the preparation of seaweed chips.
42. One statistical tool utilized in the study is
A. Analysis of Variance. B. Regression. C. Z-test.
D. Chi-squared test. E. Mann–Whitney U test.
43. What seaweed species are used as the study’s samples?
A. Eucheuma cottonii B. Eucheuma serra C. Eucheuma spinosum
D. Eucheuma arnoldii E. None of these
44. What could be the best title for this study?
A. Seaweed Chips are Feasible as a Nutritional Snack Food
B. An Assessment on the Nutritional Benefits of Seaweed Chips
C. Factors affecting the Production of Seaweed Chips
D. The Feasibility of Seaweed Chips as the most Nutritional Food in Cebu
E. The Feasibility of Seaweed (Eucheuma cottonii) Chips as a Nutritional Snack Food
45. Which of these statements is false?
A. Samples of the seaweed species was acquired in Cebu
B. The granulated seaweeds were mixed with flour, water and flavoring to produce chips.
C. Eucheuma cottonii contains carbohydrates but not iodine.
D. Seaweed chips are feasible as a nutritional snack food.
E. The chips prepared were tested for acceptability employing the affective sensory evaluation.
44

J. Economists study how decisions are made. Examples of economic decisions include whether or
not you should buy or lease a car, sublet your apartment, and whether to buy that Iphone
smartphone you’ve been eyeing. And, just as individuals must choose what to buy within the limits
of the income they possess, society as a whole must determine what to produce from its limited set
of resources. Of course, life would be a lot easier if we could have whatever we wanted whenever
we wanted it. Unfortunately, life doesn’t work that way. Our wants and needs are nearly unlimited,
but the resources available to satisfy these wants and needs are always limited. The term used to
describe the limited nature of society’s resources is scarcity. Even the most abundant resources,
like the water we drink and the air we breathe, aren’t always abundant enough everywhere to meet
the wants and needs of every person. So how do individuals and societies make decisions about
scarce resources? This is the basic question economists seek to answer. Economics is the study
of how people allocate their limited resources to satisfy their nearly unlimited wants. (Mateer, 2016)
46. The selection is mainly about the
A. forms of economic models.
B. two divisions of economics.
C. reasons why scarcity exists.
D. meaning of economics.
E. different ways to think like an economist.
47. If the society has insufficient resources to fulfill all human wants and needs, then there is
A. poverty.
B. shortage.
C. economic problem.
D. scarcity.
E. unemployment.
48. The word scarce in the selection means
A. meager. B. copious. C. productive.
D. surplus. E. lavish.
49. Based on the selection, what does economics most likely study?
A. How to buy a good and operate a business?
B. What are the best ways of eradicating scarcity?
C. How economic issues affect the economy?
D. How decisions are made to worsen life?
E. How individuals make decisions to cope with scarcity?
50. Which of these statements is false?
A. Scarcity is one reason in the study of economics.
B. Buying a car or not is an economic decision.
C. Human wants and resources are unlimited.
D. Life would be a lot easier without scarcity.
E. An individual chooses to buy a commodity within the limits his income.
45

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