Basic Principles How Electric Motor works

1. ELECTRIC MOTOR
Anything that changes electricity
into motion, meaning electrical energy into
mechanical energy is called an electric
motor.

2. Basic Principles
Danish physicist HANS
CHRISTIAN ØRSTED discovered
that electricity and magnetism
are linked.
He showed by experiment that an
electric current flowing through a
wire could move a nearby
magnet.

3. How do Electric Motors work?
Motors work through the principles of
ELECTROMAGNETISM.
If you run electricity through a wire, it creates a
magnetic field. If you coil the wire around a rod and run
electricity through the wire, it creates a magnetic field
around the rod. One end of the rod will have a north
magnetic pole and the other will have a south pole.
Opposite poles attract one another, like poles repel.
When you surround that rod with other magnets, the
rod will rotate from the attractive and repulsive forces.

4. What are the parts of an electric motor?
Electric motor designs can vary quite a
lot, though in general they have three main
parts: a rotor, a stator and a commutator.

5. A. THE STATOR
The stationary part is the
stator. Though configurations
vary, the stator is most often
a permanent magnet or row
of magnets lining the edge of
the motor casing, which is
usually a round plastic drum.

6. B. THE ROTOR
Inserted into the stator
is the rotor, usually consisting
of copper wire wound into a
coil around an axle.

7. C. THE COMMUTATOR
1. BASICS – An electric motor has
another important component, the
commutator, which sits at one end of
the coil.

8. C. THE COMMUTATOR
2. MAGNETIC POLES – BRUSHES
AND TERMINALS. At one end of
the motor are the brushes and the
terminals. The brushes send
electrical current to the
commutator and are typically
made of graphite. The terminals
are the locations where the
battery attaches to the motor and
sends the currents to spin the
rotor.

9. Comparison of Motor and Generator
• For generator the input energy is mechanical
energy and the useful output energy is electrical
energy.
• For a motor, the input energy is electrical energy
and the useful output energy is mechanical
energy.
• Electricity is used in the motor, but the generator
produces the electricity.

10. 2ND QUARTER EXAM
POINTERS:
1-50. MULTIPLE CHOICE
A. Electromagnetic Waves
 Different Forms of EM Waves
 Practical Applications and Effects of EM
Waves
B. Mirror and Lenses
 Qualitative Characteristics of Images
 Uses of Mirror and Lenses
C. Simple Electric Motor and Generator