Content Based On Cyborgs and Their Versions.

1. Organism

2. What is Cyborg?
 A cyborg is a cybernetic organism.
 The term cyborg is defined as an organism that is a
self-regulating integration of artificial and natural
systems.
 A human cyborg is a human who has certain
physiological processes aided or controlled by
mechanical or electronic devices

3. History:
 The idea of a man-machine mixture was popular in
science fiction before World War II
 In 1960 Manfred Clynes and Nathan Kline had
combined the words cybernetics and organism to form
a new term: cyborg

4. Steve Mann:
 Steve Mann is a tenured professor a the department of
electrical and computer engineering at the University
of Toronto.
 Many newspaper have described him as “the World’s
first Cyborg”.from his early work with wireless
wearlable webcams.

5. E-Y-E-T-A-P
 Electric eyeglasses
 Traditional eyeglasses modify what we see optically, so
the refraction of the glass is what limits us in terms of
the amount of processing that we can do to correct
our vision.
 EYETAP can do more kinds of processing

6. Kevin Warwick:
 Kevin Warwick is Professor of Cybernetics at the
University of Reading
 the world's leading expert in Cybernetics
 Mainly interested in connecting human brain with
machine brain.

7. Why Interested in this?
 Calculation
 Human Memory
 Limited Senses
 Ultrasonic Singal
 Infrared Signal
 Ultraviolet Signal
 X-ray-we convert it into Visual picture to understand

8. Cyborg1.0
 A Simple RFID transmitter being
implanted in Mr. Warwick’s skin.
 It doesn’t carry any battery but it
receives power through coil.
 And after that he used to control
doors, lights, heaters and other
computer-controlled devices based on
his proximity.
 The main purpose of this experiment
was to test the limit of the body would
accept and how easy it would be to
receive a meaningful signal from the
chip.

9. How it Can be helpful?:
 It gives you a unique code.
 It is quite possible for an implant to replace an Access,
Visa or bankers card
 An implant could carry huge amounts of data on an
individual, such as National Insurance number and
blood type, blood pressure

10. Cyborg 2.0
 In 2002 a one hundred electrode array
was surgically implanted into the
median nerve fibres of the left arm of
Professor Kevin Warwick.
 A number of experiments have been
carried out using the signals detected
by the array.
 As a result of this professor warwick
was able to control light, electric wheel
chair and an intelligent artificial hand.

11.  What will humans gain from advances in cyborg
technology? Will these benefits be worth the potential
risks? In order to answer these questions we will
explore some data from various sources on heart
failure, kidney disease and assisted technology devices.

12.  Heart failure is estimated to afflict
approximately 5 million Americans.
This number is expected to double
within the next five years.
 Heart failure causes or contributes to
an estimated 290,000 deaths per year.
 According to the National Kidney
Foundation, “20 million Americans - 1
in 9 US adults - have CKD(chronic
kidney disease) and another 20 million
more are at increased risk”

13.  With the aid of cyborg technologies, humans
gain the ability to prolong their lives and
assist otherwise failing parts of the body. In
2001 the FDA approved a new type of pace
maker that sends specially timed electric
impulses to the heart's lower chambers.
“Medtronic studied use of the device in 579
patients with moderate to severe congestive
heart failure at 44 medical centers in the U.S.
and Canada… Overall, the majority of the
patients in whom the pacemaker was turned
on showed improvement in either quality of
life scores, distance they were able to walk or
their heart failure classification.
Approximately one third of patients in the
control group also saw improvement

14.  The benefits of cyborg technology are vast and are
expanding, and are helping people live normal lives
and in some cases give a human a better advantage
physically.
 a tiny digital video camera replaced the eyes of a blind
man
 Brain stem and cochlear implants enable deaf people
to hear again