Presentation aims at showcasing few of the options which can be leveraged to make cities sustainable in India. Presentation examines the role and importance of compact city, circular economy cities, green buildings, good leadership and technology in making cities safe and sustainable.

1. Planning and Designing
Sustainable Cities in India
Dr B P Singh, Ar. J.K.GUPTA, Ar Jasleen Kaur
Email---- jit.kumar1944@gmail.com, Mob- 90410-26414

2. State of World’s Cities
• UN Habitat Report, State of World’s Cities 2008/2009-
Harmonious Cities, defines cities in terms of --
• Cities contain both order and chaos.
• In them reside beauty and ugliness--virtue and vice.
• They can bring out best or worst in human kind.
• They are physical manifestation of history and culture
• They are incubators of innovations, industry, technology,
entrepreneurship and creativity.
• Cities are materialization of humanity’s noblest ideas, ambitions and
aspirations,
• but when not planned or governed properly, can be repository of
society’s ills.
• Cities drive national economies by creating wealth, enhancing social
development and providing employment but
• they can also be breeding grounds for poverty, exclusion and
environmental degradation.

3. Cities and their Context
• Cities have been part of human history.
• - Cities- known to command power and authority
• Cities -- known for their dualities and contradictions.
• Cities- known for both -- positivities and negativities
• Cities -- known to be areas of concentration of population/
activities, infrastructures, services, healthcare, education
• Cities -- known to be Engines of economic growth-70%
• Cities - generators of employment , wealth and prosperity,
• -- Cities –– where rich and poor rub shoulders-
• Cities – large consumers of resources/energy/ land
• Cities- generators of 70% waste
• Cities – consuming 60% global energy generating 70% of
carbon footprints- largely responsible for global warming-

4. Cities and their Context
• Cities- remain a manmade , mechanical habitat
• Cities- destroy natural habitat-anti-thesis to bio-diversity
• Cities- known to be creator of best/ worst living
conditions- housing both rich and poor
• Cities- home to large migrants
• Cities- home to slums
• Cities- remain in crisis- natural and manmade
• Crisis- of population, poverty, pollution
• Cities – ever evolving and devolving
• Cities – shall remain dominant in future
• Cities- drivers of nation’s future
• However Cities needs rationalization
• Made more-- bio-diverse; productive, effective, efficient,
humane, sustainable, Healthy place to live /work

6. Global Context of Cities

7. Indian Urbanization
• 250 million in 1919
• 1210 million in 2011 (10 yrs. Later)
• 2050- Indian population- 1600 mil. -- 50%
in Urban India.
• Metropolitan Centres -5 (1951)- -53 (2011)-
68(2031)
• 10 m plus- nil (1951)- 3 (2011) -7 (2031)-9
(2051)
• During last 100 years, India witnessed—
- -Urbanization level going up by 3 times
- --Urban settlements growing merely 4
times
- --Total Population multiplying 5 times
- -Urban population increasing 15 times and
- -Rural population increasing 3.5 times
- Heading to be the most populated country
on this planet-2036

8. Urbanization-issues
• Have acute shortage of green spaces
• Remain prone to disasters- natural and manmade
• Create large heat island- leading to temperature rise
of 2-4 degree during day and up to 10 C at night
• Perpetually suffering from problems of traffic and
transportation
• Promoting exclusion
• Creating dichotomy between rich and poor
• Remain unsustainable- largely dependent on rural
hinterland for day to day needs
• Remain large consumer of energy and resources
• Remain polluter of environment and destroyer of bio-
diversity
• Indian Urbanization rightly called :
 Urbanization of Population
 Urbanization of Poverty
 Urbanization of Pollution

9. Urbanization-issues

10. Making
cities
Sustainable

11. SDG 11- Make cities and human settlements
inclusive ,safe, resilient and sustainable

12. Making cities Great Places to Live
• Smart Visioning
• Promoting State of art Planned Development
• Weaving nature with development
• Making cities Compact
• --Making cities Inclusive--Making Cities Safe
• --Leveraging Technology
• Making cities Green/blue - Leveraging landscape/water
• -Leveraging Culture, Heritage, Art / Architecture
• -Creating Quality Public Spaces
• -Designing low energy Buildings
• -Making cities community/people centric
• -Creating ownership for city
• Reconnecting cities to food productivity
• - integrating agriculture into cities through holistic architecture-
Making Cities Spongy- keeping large area open/ promote
water harvesting--ground water charging/reducing flooding
• Making informal sector- integral part of planning/develop.

13. New Order of Planning
- Inventing new order of planning -
to focus on:
- - Synergizing urban and rural
areas
-- Planning in Regional Context
--Reviewing planning tool
--Making cities compact
-- Making cities energy efficient
--Planning cities for bio-diversity
– -- Avoiding Urban Sprawl
-- Stop melting of cities
– reducing carbon footprints
– - Reducing global warming

14. Regional Planning- NCR

15. CO
BS
WO
RKING
LIVING
CIRCULATIO
N
• The Radiant City
•An organism capable of housing the
works of man of machine-age society.
• placed under the masterful
government of natural conditions:
•Sun
•Space
•Greenery
•And its mission is the service of
mankind:
•To live
•To work
•To cultivate body and spirit
•To travel about
(in this order and obeying this
hierarchy)

16. PLANNING COMPACT CITIES
Make cities compact by;
. – promoting High-density development
-- adopting Transit oriented development
-- Raising Height and
-Rationalizing land uses / Building bye-laws
-Building inside not outside
--- Building vertical not horizontal
--- Building High not low
--- Building mix not pure
---Building dense not shallow
----- optimizing current infrastructure.
.

17. COMPACT CITY

18. COMPACT CITY

19. Curitiba's BRT corridors run along
high-density developed area

20. Creating Circular Economy Cities
• Making City planning /development based on;
• -- Optimisation of available resources
• - Making waste integral part of city planning/ development
process
• -- Planning for zero waste
• -Recycling all waste
• --Profiting from waste
• --Converting waste to compost
• - Using waste – as input material for constructing buildings
• -- Using waste as a material for constructing infrastructure
• -- Generating Energy from sewerage network
• - Creating systems for reinventing use of waste.
• - Promoting R&D for valuing waste

21. Amazing Green City–Musdar –Abu
Dhabi-UA --Zero Carbon --Zero Waste
Zero Car city

22. TIANJIN- Master Plan
..
1. Land-use Planning –Making city compact, mix land uses and
Transit-Oriented Development (TOD)
2. Transport Planning -Green transport .—Large trips via public transport ;
bicycles and walking
3. Green and Blue Network Planning---extensive green (vegetation)
and blue (water) networks – for quality living /working environment.
4. Water bodies --linked for circulation – enhancing ecology , environment ,
recreational activities.
5. A wastewater pond -rehabilitated /transformed into a clean/beautiful lake.

24. •GREENING
CITIES

25. Open Spaces

26. Greening Cities –
Open spaces in India- very low
Number of trees/person- very low
Available open space/person in India- 2.7 sqm
Number of available trees/ person- Canada-10, 900
Number of available trees-India- 29 trees/person
- Need for Creating a network of interconnected Green
parks/ spaces - 7 Trees / person
-Providing Green Space@ 9 Sqm/ pers
- Compensating all hard surfaces with greens within
buildings roofs/walls
-Greening Roofs/terraces/ Walls
-Preserving all natural areas
-Preserving water channels/ features
-Promoting Bio- Diversity
-Protecting existing flora/faun -Creating City Forests
- using derelict areas for greening
- Greening all low lying areas
-Using local trees

27. Central Park New York- 700 Acs Vaux and
Olmsted'

28. Hyde Park London- 253 Hectare

29. PERTH- Australia

30. Chandigarh connectivity with Green

31. Public housing --Singapore, seven 50-story towers
connected by 1,600-foot-recreational “sky garden.”
-- high-density development
accommodating growth in compact city-state.

32. Park: Kite-fliers gather on green roof of pump house
-- at Marina Barrage dam,-- which formed a new reservoir /
guards against flooding.-- created from land reclamation
-- to relieve growth pressure on Singapore.

33. Singapore-- Super trees in 250-acre Gardens by Bay.
-- High-tech structures range from 80 to 160 feet
-- collect solar energy to power a night light show.
-- trunks are vertical gardens, laced with more than 150,000 living plants.

34. •DESIGNING
GREEN
BUILDINGS

35. Defining- Green Buildings

36. Daylighting
Local materials
Indian Way of approaching design
• Rediscovery of the Indian ethos
– We worship 5 elements of Nature (Panchabhutas)
Prithvi (Earth) Sustainable Sites
Jal (Water) Water Efficiency
Agni (Energy) Energy Efficiency
Vayu (Air) Indoor Environmental Quality
Akash (Sky) Daylight
Views
Water body

37. INDIAN CLIMATIC ZONES

38. Advantages of Green Buildings

39. SMART
TECHNOLOGIES

40. Using Smart Technologies-
Implementing IOT-
- - Planning cities
--digitizing bus stops
-monitoring bus schedule, --creating
sensor based garbage bins
--Tackling noise
--Tackling air pollution
--creating platform for efficiency
--breaking silos
-- lodging complaints/
--making payments on line
--rendering services on line

41. QUALITY
LEADERSHIP
•

42. •QUALITY LEADERSHIP
• Smart cities would require:
• well defined city ownership-ULBs
•Well defined city Leadership- Mayor
•Building a High performance team
•Adopting professional / Management
Approach
•Promoting Training and Development
•Investing in Learning
•Creating Culture of Accountability
•Securing Stakeholders Consensus
•Launching Pilot Programs
•Prioritizing/defining Agenda for City Growth
•Each City to have a starting Point
•Mayors of Curitiba, New York, Washington,
Rio-de Janerio,, Bogota, Toledo ,London----,
created highest degree of urban
Leadership/Governance to make cities Smart

43. •
• Three Mantra for Sustainable cities
• 1. Achieve smart growth
• -- finding best options to do things sustainably
• -- promote economic growth for people
• -- making them earn good livelihood
• -- make them enjoy a good quality of life.
• 2. Do more with less–
• -- cities need money-- to accomplish all wants .
• Cities to collect, manage/spend resources effectively/ efficiently
• 3. Win support for change-
• - City leaders need to;-- deliver fast, positive, /visible results,
• - build support for changes.
• -- Based on high-performing civil servants
• -- made accountable for their work—Singapore model

44. CREATING Sustainable CITIES POSE
GREATEST CHALLENGE TO PROFESSIONALS