日本電子出版協会 2016.03.30

1. ePubアクセシビリティ
上智大学 田村恭久
IMS グローバル・ラーニング・コンソーシアム標準の最新動向
2016-3-30 @研究社英語センター

2. アクセシビリティとは
• 障がい者や高齢者
– 失視
– 弱視 (low vision)：低視力、色弱、視野狭窄
– 聴覚／発声／運動障がい
• アクセシビリティ＝「閲覧しやすさ」
– TTS (Text-to-Speech)
– 文字の拡大、白黒反転
2

3. EPUB関連のアクセシビリティ規格
DAISY AI※
2012
DAISY 2
1998
DAISY 3
2002
EPUB 3
2011
EPUB
2007
EPUB 2.01
2010
※AI: Authoring and Interchange：製作・交換用フォーマット
ANSI/NISO Z39.98-2012 として標準化
WAI-ARIA 1.0
2014
EPUB 3.01
2014
DAISY
IDPF
W3C

4. EPUB 3.1
Accessibility Enhancements
Matt Garrish, DAISY Consortium
EPUB Accessibility and EDUPUB Alliance Summit
2016-2-24
University of Maryland University College

5. WAI-ARIA※ Integration
• Change from epub:type to ARIA role attribute
– Compatible with both XHTML and HTML
– Broader integration with assistive technologies
• WAI-ARIA Digital Publishing Module
– https://www.w3.org/TR/dpub-aria-1.0/
• Under development
– Identifying types of links
– Extended descriptions
※Web Accessibility Initiative – Accessible Rich Internet Applications

7. Metadata
• Discoverability
– Requirement for schema.org accessibility metadata
– Introduction of accessMode and accessModeSufficient
– Identification of text/audio synchronization (Media Overlays)
– Identify EPUBs that are audiobooks
• Braille identification
– Extending accessibilityFeature=braille
– Need to develop naming conventions
• EPUB certification

8. Audio Enhancements
• Addition of a new voice-optimized codec
– OPUS
• Audio labels in the navigation document
• Media Overlays enhancements
– Highlighting for when playback suspended

9. Accessibility Profile
• Ensure requirements that can be applied to 3.0/3.1/x.x
Publications
• Allow each specification/profile to indicate conformance
– EPUB 3.1 might start as a “should”, while EPUB for Education
could enforce as a “must”

10. Profile Outline
• Four key content areas:
– Publication Level – Navigation, Reading Order, Playback
– Document Level – WCAG, WAI-ARIA, Fixed Layouts
– Metadata – Discovery, Media Overlays, Braille
– Packaging – DRM, Multiple Renditions
• Machine and Human Testing