2. OBJECTIVES
▪ Introduction
▪ Compounds names of sulfur
▪ Synthesis mechanism
▪ Synthesis Place
▪ Food Source
▪ Importance of Sulfur
▪ Functions
▪ Body Requirement per day
▪ Over intake in body
▪ Determination Method
3. INTRODUCTION
Sulfur is a chemical element with the symbol S and atomic number 16. It is abundant,
multivalent and nonmetallic. Under normal conditions, sulfur atoms form cyclic octatomic
molecules with a chemical formula S₈. Elemental sulfur is a bright yellow, crystalline solid at
room temperature.
• Symbol: S
• Atomic Mass: 32.065 u
• Atomic Number: 16
• Electron Configuration: [Ne] 3s²3p⁴
• Melting Point: 115.2 °C
• Electronegativity: 2.58
5. SYNTHESIS MECHANISM
When two non-metals react by synthesis more than one product is often
possible.
S + O2
SO2
Sulfur Dioxide
2S + 3O2
2SO3
Sulfur Trioxide
6. SULFUR SYNTHESIS PLACE IN
BODY PARTS
Sulfur is required by the body for the synthesis of a number
of sulfur-containing compounds. These include chondroitin sulfate, a
mucopolysaccharide found in cartilage; the hormone insulin; and the
anticoagulant heparin. As part of the amino acid cysteine, sulfur is found
in the regulatory tripeptide glutathione.
7. FOOD
SOURCE OF
SULFUR
• Meat and poultry: especially
beef, ham, chicken, duck,
turkey, and organ meats like
heart and liver.
• Fish and seafood: most types
of fish, as well as shrimp,
scallops, mussels, and prawns.
• Legumes:
especially soybeans, black
beans, kidney beans, split
peas, and white beans.
8. IMPORTANCE
OF SULFUR?
Sulfur is very vital nutrient for human
body.
It is 10th
most abundant mineral in our
body.
It contents 0.25% of the total body
weight.
Significant rule to brain function and
great to the health.
It helps to repairing DNA and also
metabolize food in our body.
It helps to protein synthesis and
enzyme reaction.
9. FUNCTIONS OF SULFUR
Boosting Boosting the body antioxidant mechanism detoxification pathways.
Promoting Promoting healthy levels of inflammation.
Maintaining Maintaining healthy skin, hair, nails.
Supporting Supporting connective tissue & mobility.
10. REQUIREMENT OF SULFUR IN
THE BODY PER DAY
▪ The RDA for methionine (combined with cysteine) for adults has been
set at 14 mg/Kg of body weight per day.
▪ Therefore a person weighing 70 Kg, independent of age or sex,
requires the consumption of around 1.1 g (0.9 mMoles) of
methionine/cysteine per day.
▪ Some other studies show that 2.1 g/ day for positive and balance we
need 3 g/ day.
11. SULFUR
DEFICIENCY
Lake of sulfur may causes:
▪ Arthritis, brittle nails, hairs convulsions,
depression, memory loss, gestational issues,
slow wound healing.
▪ Obesity, heart disease, Alzheimer's and
chronic fatigue
▪ Pain inflammation related muscle and
skeletal disorder.
▪ Food prevent ourselves strong obtaining
sufficient oxygen through respiration which
is vital to proper brain function and cell
activity.
12. OVER INTAKE PROBLEM
• Sulfur rich food can also cause stomach problem and embarrassingly
patulous.
• The body process two sulfur containing amino acids in foods maintaining
and cysteine cause serious damage to many organs specially kidney and
eyes.
• Sulfur will suppressed potassium and calcium.
• The symptoms for overtaking sulfur are indigestion, vomiting, diarrhea,
bedwetting painful in irregular mensuration, migraine and headache.
13. DETERMINATION
METHOD
How Sulfur Content is Determined
The principle of sulfur analysis is to oxidize the sample by heating
in an Oxygen atmosphere to form SO2
, which is then measured by
infrared detector.
Heating of Samples to Determine Sulfur Content
The heating is generally done in a high frequency induction furnace
as this provides both speed and accuracy. The sample is placed in a
ceramic crucible and an accelerator is often added to ignite the
sample and can also act as a flux to dissolve any oxide skins to
improve melt fluidity, which allows the Sulfur in the sample to be
oxidized in a short time. It is imperative that complete combustion
is achieved in order to gain accurate results.
14. The Accuracy of Sulfur Determination Measurements
In the test a signal will be obtained that is not attributable to the sample.
The cause is a combination of impurities in the gas, crucible and
accelerator. The average contribution to the Sulfur signal from these
sources is determined to allow the sample contribution to be calculated
15. The Affect of Water on Sulfur Content Measurements
Sulfur results can be affected if water is present in the sample.
However dealing with this issue is not straight forward. Residual
water can be dealt with by heating the sample to 110°C for one hour.
Crystalline water is less easy to deal with as the high temperatures
required to dissociate it also mean combustion of the Sulfur.
