Phenomenological research

2. PHENOMENOLOGICAL STUDY
•describes the meaning of several individuals of their lived
experiences of a concept or phenomenon
•this experiences may be phenomena such as insomnia,
being left out, anger, grief

3. 4 PHILOSOPHICAL PERSPECTIVES IN PHENOMENOLOGY
( STEWART AND MICKUNAS, 1994)
1. A return to the traditional tasks of philosophy
2.A philosophy without presuppositions
3.The intentionality of consciousness
4.The refusal of the subject – object dichotomy

4. TYPES OF PHENOMENOLOGY
•HERMENEUTICAL PHENOMENOLOGY
- research as oriented toward lived experiences and interpreting the
“texts of life”
•TRANSCENDENTAL OR PSYCHOLOGICAL
PHENOMENOLOGY
- bracketing of knowledge/ epoche

5. Procedures for Conducting
Phenomenological Research
1.The researcher determines if the research problem is best examined
using A phenomenological approach.
2.A phenomenon of interest to study is identified.
3.The researcher recognizes and specifies the broad philosophical
assumptions of phenomenology

6. 4. Data are collected from the individuals who have experienced the
phenomenon
5. The participants are asked two broad, general questions
6.Phenomenological data analysis steps are generally similar for all
psychological phenomenologists who discuss the methods

7. 7.These significant statements and themes are then used to write a
description of what the participants experienced.
8.From the structural and textural descriptions, the researcher then
writes a composite description that represents the “essence”

8. CHALLENGES
Strong understanding of philosophical approaches is required
The participants in the study need to be carefully chosen to be
individuals who have all experienced the phenomenon
Bracketing personal experiences may be difficult

9. EXAMPLES OF PHENOMENOLOGICAL
RESEARCH

10. PRESCHOOL EDUCATION IN TURKEY DURING THE COVID-19
PANDEMIC: A PHENOMENOLOGICAL STUDY
• ABSTRACT
This study investigated the repercussions of the covid-19 pandemic on preschool
education and sought answers to how preschool education is implemented, what
kind of activities are held, what kind of challenges need to be overcome, and what
measures need to be taken to sustain preschool education. The sample consisted
of 25 preschool teachers and 30 parents recruited using criterion sampling, a
purposive sampling method.

11. •The study was based on phenomenology, which is a qualitative research design.
Data were collected using a semi-structured interview form and video records
of participants performing educational practice within two months
• Data were analyzed using inductive content analysis.
•Participants stated that the covid-19 pandemic had numerous adverse effects
on preschool education and that they held art, science, and mathematics
activities and games to sustain education but faced numerous challenges
during the process.
•They also emphasized that measures should be taken to sustain preschool
education during pandemics.

12. EXPERIENCES OF HOMELESS PEOPLE IN THE HEALTH CARE
DELIVERY SYSTEM: A DESCRIPTIVE PHENOMENOLOGICAL
STUDY
• Abstract
• ABSTRACT objective: the objective of this research is to understand the experiences of
homeless people with the health care system.
• Design: a descriptive phenomenological research design is used. Phenomenology is the
philosophical underpinning of this research.
• Sample: the purposive sample consists of 15 homeless adults.
• Method: interviews were conducted, tape-recorded, transcribed, and then analyzed the
transcripts using colaizzi's descriptive phenomenological method.

13. •Results: 4 major themes emerged: (1) living without essential
resources compromises health; (2) putting off health care until a
crisis arises; (3) encountering barriers to receiving health care to
include (a) social triage, (b) feeling labeled and stigmatized, (c) a
nonsystem for health care for the homeless, (d) being treated with
disrespect, and (e) feeling invisible to health care providers; and (4)
developing underground resourcefulness.

14. •Conclusions and implications: although homeless persons
articulated many problems in the health care system encounters,
they also described their own resourcefulness and the strategies
they employ to manage being marginalized by society and the health
care system. An increased understanding of health care
experiences from the homeless persons' perspective can guide
public health nursing emancipatory actions

15. THE END !
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