Volume 11, Issue 3 Ver. IV (May. – Jun. 2016)

1. IOSR Journal of Electrical and Electronics Engineering (IOSR-JEEE)
e-ISSN: 2278-1676,p-ISSN: 2320-3331, Volume 11, Issue 3 Ver. IV (May. – Jun. 2016), PP 01-06
www.iosrjournals.org
DOI: 10.9790/1676-1103040106 www.iosrjournals.org 1 | Page
Intelligent Car Safety System Using Dual Security
MrsManishaKhorgade
Rajiv Gandhi College of Engineering & Research, Hingna, Nagpur
Abstract: As human is progressing various technological changes are being adopted in societies resulting in
rapid industrialization. People are moving towards cities leaving behind countryside resulting in higher
population there by large number of vehicles and hence number of theft and accidents is increasing. This
project revolves around five main parameters. This project helps in detection of accident of the vehicle using
accelerometer. It tracks the location of the place where accident took place. Location parameters such as
longitude and latitude are obtained using GPS and sent via SMS using GSM.. It also deals with alcohol
detection using an alcohol sensor. If the sensor detects an alcohol inside the car, the engine gets locked and the
access is denied. The safety of our vehicle is highly essential in public places. If anyone tries to access the
vehicle without password then the message will be sent to the registered mobiles using GSM. An automatic
break lock system is also included which uses an ultrasonic sensor. When the vehicle theft is detected, the
message is sent to the user and the user has the undue advantage of sending the message stating ‘Stop the car’
to the microcontroller through GSM. The advantage of dual security is that the car cannot be accessed without
the message from the user stating ‘Start the car’. This system is very safe and efficient to report emergency
situations and is of moderate cost.
Keywords: GPS(Global Positioning System), GSM(Global System for Mobile communication),Microcontroller,
Motor driver IC, 7805 voltage regulator Ic.
I. Introduction
Although the various technologies that have been introduced in recent years to deter car thefts and
tracking it, it was reported that as many as cars were stolen yearly in the world. According to the national crime
information centre (NCIC), motor vehicles were stolen. Several security and tracking system were designed to
assist corporations with large number of vehicles and several usage purposes. Day by day scenario in cities is
changing very fast and leveraged to worsen. Various companies and multinationals across the globe are working
towards decreasing the accidents level and providing the advance level security to the vehicle and finding a
better solution for the same. The development of satellite communication technology is easy to identify the
vehicle locations. Vehicle tracking systems have brought this technology to the day-to-day life of the common
person. Today GPS used in cars, ambulances, fleets and police vehicles are common sites on the road of
developed countries. All the existing technology support tracking the vehicle‟s place and status. Taking in action
all these things we are developing a model based on AVR Microcontroller ATMega16, Consisting of GSM,
GPS, MEMS and Ultrasonic sensors for Automatic brake Lock System. This project serves –
• To detect if the driver is drunk.
• To implement Accident intimation system.
• To prevent car thefts using dual security.
• To prevent logo thefts.
• Automatic break lock system.
II. Block diagram
Fig 1:Block diagram of security system

2. Intelligent Car Safety System using Dual Security
DOI: 10.9790/1676-1103040106 www.iosrjournals.org 2 | Page
III. Hardware components and design
a. Microcontroller.
Fig 2:ATMega 16
ATmega16 is an 8-bit high performance microcontroller of Atmel‟s Mega AVR family with low power
consumption. Atmega16 is based on enhanced RISC (Reduced Instruction Set Computing, Know more about
(RISC and CISC) architecture with 131 powerful instructions. Most of the instructions execute in one machine
cycle. Atmega16 can work on a maximum frequency of 16MHz. ATmega16 has 16 KB programmable flash
memory, static RAM of 1 KB and EEPROM of 512 Bytes. The endurance cycle of flash memory and EEPROM
is 10,000 and 100,000, respectively. ATmega16 is a 40 pin microcontroller. There are 32 I/O (input/output) lines
which are divided into four 8-bit ports designated as PORTA, PORTB, PORTC and PORTD. ATmega16 has
various in-built peripherals like USART, ADC etc. Each I/O pin has an alternative task related to in-built
peripherals.
b. 7805 Motor driver IC.
Fig 3: Regulator IC LM7805
IC 7805 is a 5V Voltage Regulator that restricts the voltage output to 5V and draws 5V regulated
power supply. It comes with provision to add heatsink. The maximum value for input to the voltage regulator is
35V. If the voltage is near to 7.5V then it does not produce any heat and hence no need for heatsink. If the
voltage input is more, then excess electricity is liberated as heat from 7805. It regulates a steady output of 5V if
the input voltage is in range of 7.2V to 35V. Hence to avoid power loss try to maintain the input to 7.2V.
Involtage fluctuation is fatal, for such situation to ensure constant voltage IC 7805 voltage regulator is used.
c. GSM (Global system for mobile)
Fig 4: GSM Module

3. Intelligent Car Safety System using Dual Security
DOI: 10.9790/1676-1103040106 www.iosrjournals.org 3 | Page
A GSM module is a specialized type of modem which accepts a SIM card, and operates over a
subscription to a mobile operator, just like a mobile phone. From the mobile operator perspective, a GSM
modem looks just like a mobile phone. When a GSM modem is connected to a computer, this allows the
computer to use the GSM modem to communicate over the mobile network. While these GSM modems are
most frequently used to provide mobile internet connectivity, many of them can also be used for sending and
receiving SMS and MMS messages.
d. Alcohol sensor
Fig5: Alcohol sensor
This alcohol sensor is suitable for detecting alcohol concentration on your breath, just like your
common breathalyzer. It has a high sensitivity and fast response time. Sensor provides an analog resistive output
based on alcohol concentration. The drive circuit is very simple, all it needs is one resistor. A simple interface
could be a 0-3.3V ADC. Features:
 5V DC or AC circuit
 Requires heater voltage
 Operation Temperature: -10 to 70 degrees C
 Heater consumption: less than 750mW
a. Ultrasonic sensor
Fig 6: Ultrasonic sensor
Ultrasonic ranging module HC - SR04 provides 2cm – 400cm non-contact measurement function, the
ranging accuracy can reach to 3mm. The modules includes ultrasonic transmitters, receiver and control circuit.
The basic principle of working is Using IO trigger for at least 10us high level signal, The Module automatically
sends eight 40 kHz and detect whether there is a pulse signal back IF the signal back, through high level , time
of high output IO duration is the time from sending ultrasonic to returning.
Test distance = (high level time×velocity of sound
(340M/S) / 2
b. Accelerometer
Fig 7: ADXL335

4. Intelligent Car Safety System using Dual Security
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The ADXL335 is a small, thin, low power, complete 3-axis accel-erometer with signal conditioned
voltage outputs. The product measures acceleration with a minimum full-scale range of ±3g. It can measure the
static acceleration of gravity in tilt-sensing applications, as well as dynamic acceleration resulting from motion,
shock, or vibration. The user selects the bandwidth of the accelerometer using the CX, CY, and Cx capacitors at
the XOUT, YOUT, and ZOUT pins. Bandwidths can be selected to suit the application, with a range of 0.5 Hz
to 1600 Hz for the X and Y axes, and a range of 0.5 Hz to 550 Hz for the Z axis. The ADXL335 is available in a
small, low profile, 4 mm × 4 mm × 1.45 mm, 16-lead, plastic lead frame chip scale package (LFCSP_LQ).
IV. Implementation
Fig 8: Flow chart
It is clear from the above block diagram that the ultrasonic sensor is used to detect the obstacle and
send the signal to the microcontroller system for adjusting the speed, depending upon the distance. The
Accelerometer is used to find the accident whereas sound sensor is used to detect the engine sound and keypad
is used to enter the passkey before driving.
The GSM is used to send the alert signal as well receive the signal from the user for stopping the
vehicle and also processing the GPS location of the vehicle to the user. The LCD is used to display the real time
status of the vehicle.
Embedded C is a set of language extensions for the C programming language by the C Standards
Committee to address commonality issues that exist between C extensions for different embedded
systems.During infancy years of microprocessor based system, programs were developed using assemblers and
fused into the EPROMS. There used to be no mechanism to find what the program was doing. LEDs,
switches,etc. were used to check correct execution of the program .Some „very fortunate‟ developer had in
circuit stimulators ( ICEs), but they were too costly and were not quite reliable as well.
PCB‟s are the backbone of any production level electronic device in today market, and therefore knowledge of
PCB layout tools can be a vital skill. Both analog and digital circuits are used in PCBs depending on the
application, and with different types of circuits, the designer must take into account certain design
considerations. This guide will show you how to make a simple PCB layout with digital components, and the
design considerations that come with it. More Advance circuits like RF circuits or Power circuits take more
thought in the layout and design because the circuit is more sensitive to component placement and the lengths of
the connections between them.
It is often believed that without target hardware it is difficult, if not impossible, to develop and test
software for a microcontroller project. This is often not the case as many of the microcontroller manufacturers
(or their partners) offer software simulators that exist for just this purpose. Not only does Atmel's free IDE
(Integrated Development Environment), AVR Studio, provide the framework for compiling programs and
downloading them to the microcontroller, but it also comes with the ability to simulate programs for most of
their AVR microcontrollers.

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V. Results
The suggested model consist three microcontroller for implementation as shown in the figure below.
Fig 9:Microconroller connections
Fig 10:Messages display at two numbers (dual security)
Through GSM module the messages will be send to the owner and another one, suggested by owner as
shown in the above figure.
Fig 11:Implemented dual security model
The above figure give the total implemented security system which consist of GPS,GSM VANET. It
will protect from logo theft, accidental case, location of vehicle and security also it will check alcohol detection
sensor which is as methane sensor In case the logo get theft, it will sent a message to nearby vehicle through
VANET as shown in figure below

6. Intelligent Car Safety System using Dual Security
DOI: 10.9790/1676-1103040106 www.iosrjournals.org 6 | Page
Fig 12: (a) Logo theft message, (b) light blinking with VANET
Thus our project “Intelligent Car Safety Using Dual Security System” will intimate the authorized
person about the current status of the vehicle and it is being intruded by a third person or an accident using GSM
and GPS based technology. The alert message to the mobile phone can easily reach the remote location . Thus
the system provides better safety of the car.
VI. Conclusion
Thus our project “Intelligent Car Safety Using Dual Security System” will intimate the authorized
person about the current status of the vehicle and it is being intruded by a third person or an accident using GSM
and GPS based technology. The alert message to the mobile phone can easily reach the remote location. Thus
the system provides better safety of the car.
VII. Future scope
We can also implement the Face Detection technique.The security system can be enhanced by
providing the owner of the vehicle with the feature of starting and stopping the car with the help of sms.
References
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innovative research in computer and communication engineering. (An ISO 3297 : 2007 Certified organization) Vol.2, Special issue
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[2]. Montaser N. Ramadan and M.A.AlKhedher “Intelligent Anti-Theft for Automobiles”, International journal of Machine learning and
computing, Vol.2, No.1, Feb 2012. www.ijmlc.org/papers/94-T043.pdf
[3]. KuldeepDasadiya and R. Nirmal “Vehicle Tracking and Locking System”, International journal of engineering research and
advanced development.Volume 1, Issue 2, Paper ID: A00101V1I22015| May 2015. http://www.ijerad.in
[4]. Jacob Millman& Christos C. Halkias, “Integrated Electronics: Analog and Digital Circuits and System”, by TMH ,2nd Edition
,46th
reprint 2008.