2. Temperature and heat, this is the
topic where we are going to relate
the temperature and heat with
objects and gas, because they
are all associated with molecular
motion, their kinetic energy also
depend on the temperature and
heat, but the objective of this
research is to distinguish the
temperature and heat.
It is important knowing the difference
between heat and temperature is
important. It can lead to a clearer
understanding of energy. In this
section we will define both terms
and hopefully reach an
understanding of how they are
related, but not identical ideas
3.
4. Fahrenheit is the
temperature scale
proposed in 1724 by, and
named after, the physicist
Daniel Gabriel
Fahrenheit(1686–1736).
Celsius (known until 1948 as
centigrade) is a temperature
scale that is named after the
Swedish astronomer Anders
Celsius (1701–1744), who
developed a similar temperature
scale two years before his death.
Kelvin scale is a
thermodynamic (absolute)
temperature scale
referenced to absolute
zero, the absence of all
thermal energy.
5. Heat and temperature are two concepts that are often
confused. They are related to each other because they are
both related to the concept of thermal energy, as discussed:
Temperature is a physical property of a system that underlies
the common notions of hot and cold; something that is hotter
generally has the greater temperature.
Heat is energy transferred from one body or system to another
due to a difference in temperature.
6. The kinetic energy of molecules and Potential
energy of molecules (due to intermolecular forces)
7. •Random Translational energy
molecules: is movement of molecules
that changes its original position, as
opposed to rotation. This is when the
energy of a molecule move it to a line
Random
Translational
energy
molecules
•Occurs when atoms in a molecule are
in periodic motion while the molecule
as a whole has constant translational
and rotational motion. The frequency
of the periodic motion is known as a
vibration frequency.
Vibrational
energy of
Molecules
•Is a movement of an atom in a circular
motion. An atom in a molecule rotates
around a center of rotation. The
rotational energy or angular kinetic
energy is the kinetic energy due to the
rotation of an object and is part of its
total kinetic energy.
Rotational
Energy of
molecule
8. Potential energy is the energy stored in a
body or in a system due to its position in a
force field or due to its configuration, which
in our case is due to molecular interforce
