increasing Renewable Energy Integration in European Islands with Storage Stakes: A Case Study of Evia, Greece

1. Increasing Renewable Energy Integration in
European Islands with Storage Stakes
A Case Study of Evia, Greece
Summer 2023 Semi-Annual ETSAP Meeting
1
15 June 2023 – Regular Workshop Day 1
Nikolaos Papastefanakis Sophie Chlela
Sandrine SELOSSE Nadia MAIZI

2. Outline
1. Project Background
2. Focus and purpose of the study
3. Evia’s energy system
4. Main results
5. Conclusions
2

3. Project Goals
1: Allow a high level of local renewable energy
sources penetration
2: Provide visibility of the energy grid to better
manage its flexibility and plan its evolutions
3: Develop synergies between the electricity,
heating, cooling, water and, transport networks
4: Reduce the use of hydrocarbon-based energies
5: Ensure the sustainability of the solutions and
their replicability in other islands
The main objective of the GIFT (Geographical Islands FlexibiliTy) project is to decarbonise the energy mix of islands.
3

4. Focus and purpose of the study
• Research questions
➢Impact of storage systems to the island’s self-sufficiency
➢Impact of Renewable Energy Sources to the island’s electricity exports / imports
• Focus
➢Electricity sector
➢Year : 2050
4

5. Evia – Follower island
5
Future
Interconnections
Installed and/or licensed RES plants,
source : CRES
Evia’s Electric grid and interconnections
Source : ADMIE
+ 1 200 MW
– Tranmission
– Distribution
– Submarine cable
❑ RES Plant

6. Evia – Energy Profile
6
Electricity supply Electricity consumption
29.73%
20.27%
38.97%
6.93%
2.65%
1.45%
Domestic use
Commercial use
Industrial use
Agricultural use
Public and Municipal
Authorities
417
224
17
0
50
100
150
200
250
300
350
400
450
Capacity
(MW)
CCGT Wind PV
1 380 GWh
656MW

7. Modelling Framework
7
Reference energy system (RES) of TIMES - EVIA
0
50
100
150
200
250
NIGHT MORNING MIDDAY AFTERNOON EVENING
MWh
Electricity load by season and day (2022)
Summer Winter Intermediate

8. TIMES-EVIA Scenarios
8
Scenario Name Description
BAU
Current policies
Low demand EV.
LOW
Low renewables development scenario.
Low demand EV.
HIGH
High renewables development scenario.
High demand EV.
HIGH_STG
High renewables development scenario.
Deployment of Storage technologies.
High demand EV.
1300
1500
1700
1900
2100
2300
2500
2020 2025 2030 2035 2040 2045 2050
Electricity
(GWh)
Electricity demand evolution
0%
10%
20%
30%
40%
50%
60%
70%
80%
2020 2025 2030 2035 2040 2045 2050
Electric vehicles share
Low High Poly. (Low) Poly. (High)

9. TIMES-EVIA RESULTS
9

10. System's capacity evolution
10
2040 : Phase out of n.gas plant
• BAU :
• 1.5 GW RES in 2030
• 700 MW in 2050
• LOW in 2050 :
• 380 MW PV
• 2 GW wind
• HIGH in 2050 :
• 750 MW PV,
• 3.28 GW wind
0
500
1000
1500
2000
2500
3000
3500
4000
4500
2022
2025
2030
2035
2040
2045
2050
2022
2025
2030
2035
2040
2045
2050
2022
2025
2030
2035
2040
2045
2050
bau low high
Capacity
(MW)
N.Gas PV Wind Turbines

11. High_stg scenario
11 MW batteries
• 10 MW electric grid battery
• Building batteries
• Residential : 0,8 MW
• Tertiary : 0,15 MW
• Public : 0,05 MW
11
0.0
2.0
4.0
6.0
8.0
10.0
12.0
2025 2030 2035 2040 2045 2050
Capacity
(MW)
Batteries capacity evolution
Storage systems
High_stg scenario

12. Electricity self-sufficiency by sector
12
0%
10%
20%
30%
40%
50%
60%
70%
80%
2025 2030 2040 2050 2025 2030 2040 2050 2025 2030 2040 2050 2025 2030 2040 2050
bau low high high_stg
Public Residential Tertiary

13. 13
Electricity exports & imports
0
200
400
600
800
1000
1200
2022 2025 2030 2035 2040 2045 2050
Electricity
(GWh)
Electricity imports
bau low high high_stg
0
1000
2000
3000
4000
5000
6000
7000
8000
2022 2025 2030 2035 2040 2045 2050
Electricity
(GWh)
Electricity exports
bau low high high_stg

14. Conclusions & Lessons learned
➢Exploitation of wind potential can provide :
• Significant quantities of electricity exports
14
Electricity exports Greece Europe
Electricity demands
Decarbonisation
➢Storage integration can provide :
• High shares of sectorial self-consumption
• Less electricity imports

15. REFERENCES
1. https://www.gift-h2020.eu/
2. ADMIE. (2022). TEN-YEAR TRANSPORT SYSTEM DEVELOPMENT PROGRAMME 2024-2033.
3. Chlela, S., Grazioli, G., Selosse, S., Maïzi, N., Rikos, E., Kokos, I., Kouveliotis-Lysikatos, I., Ioannidis, I. L. A. N., Floares, B.,
Pattamatta, J. L. A. K., Ratej, J., Frete, M., Kristensen, R. N., Huang, L., Zhou, D. A. H. W., Gebremedhin, Y. L. A. A.,
Richaud, L., Cozzella, D., Imputato, A., … Genest, O. (2021). Geographical Islands Flexibility : Technological scenarios and
recommendations [Report]. Centre for Applied Mathematics (CMA / ARMINES / MINES Paris) - H2020 GIFT Project.
https://hal.science/hal-03512788
4. EASE. (2023). Battery Technologies. EASE Storage. https://ease-storage.eu/energy-storage/technologies/
5. GIFT Deliverable D9.1 https://www.gift-h2020.eu/delivrables/
6. GIFT Deliverable D9.5 https://www.gift-h2020.eu/delivrables/
7. Ministry of Environment and Energy. (2019). National Energy and Climate Plan. Ministry of the Environment and Energy.
8. Ministry of Environment and Energy. (2020). Long term strategy for 2050.
9. Municipality of Chalkida. (2018). Action Plan for Sustainable Development Energy and Climate of the Municipality of
Chalkida.
15

16. Thank you for your attention !
Q&A
e-mail: nikolaos.papastefanakis@mines-paristech.fr
16

17. Total discounted system cost
17
11.32662
2.25675
3.03714 3.04979
0.00000
2.00000
4.00000
6.00000
8.00000
10.00000
12.00000
bau low high high_stg
Total
System
Cost
(B€)
Annex

18. Annex
18
0
500
1000
1500
2000
2500
3000
3500
4000
4500
2023
2024
2025
2030
2035
2040
2045
2050
2023
2024
2025
2030
2035
2040
2045
2050
2023
2024
2025
2030
2035
2040
2045
2050
2023
2024
2025
2030
2035
2040
2045
2050
bau low high high_stg
Capacity
(MW)
New technologies Capacity Evolution
ENSOLPVFARM ENSOLPVROOFPUB ENSOLPVROOFRES ENSOLPVROOFTER ENWINONHV ENWINONMV

19. 0% imports
• BAU: Addition of 400 MW wind => + 9 b.Euro
• Low : -500 GWh exports
• High : -1000 GWh exports
• High stg : same electricity exports
19
Annex
25% imports
• BAU : Addition of 200 MW wind => + 3 b.Euro
• Low: same electricity exports
• High : -1000 GWh exports
• High stg: same electricity exports
0
2000
4000
6000
8000
2022 2025 2030 2035 2040 2045 2050
Electricity
(GWh)
Electricity exports
bau low high high_stg
0
100
200
300
400
500
600
700
2025 2030 2035 2040 2045 2050
Electricity
(GWh)
Electricity imports
bau low high high_stg
0
1000
2000
3000
4000
5000
6000
7000
2022 2025 2030 2035 2040 2045 2050
Electricity
(GWh)
Electricity exports
bau low high high_stg

20. 20
0%
20%
40%
60%
80%
100%
NGT MOR MID AFT EVE
Daily consumption share
Base V1G
Annex
➢Total fleet dimension
➢Technical parameters
➢Human behavior
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
2030 2050 2030 2050
high high_v1g
Electricity
(TJ)
Electricity demand per time-slice
SAFT SEVE SMID SMOR SNGT
Modelling of EV charge demand Results

21. Load curve of Evia
21
0
50
100
150
200
250
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24
Electrcity
(MWh)
summer spring autumn winter
Annex

22. The project’s solutions
o Grid IT platform for KPI visualisation, geographic
visualisation, grid observability, prospective
modelling and long-term assessment.
o VPS system, a decentralised automatic demand
response trading platform
o Prosumers or smart energy consumers that
postpone energy demanding tasks or select
alternate sources for energy to reduce the load
on the power grid, thus providing flexibility.
22
ESB
Digital Twin
Prediction System
Grid Observability
VPS Control Centre
Flex Agent Flex Agent Flex Agent Flex Agent Flex Agent
Ship/Harb
our EMS
EV +
Charging
station
Factory
EMS
Storage
mng.
(Smart
Energy
Hub)
BMS-
Storage
mng. (HBr
storage)
Data
exchange
Flex trading
Flex trading
Grid IT
platform
VPS
system
Prosumers