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YOUTH MOBILIZATION, PROTEST AND RESISTANCE ON THE PAK-AFGHAN BORDER and Beyond
- 2. PAKISTAN: basic facts • Partition in 1947 (British India) • Population (APPROX. 210 million) • Administrative Divisions (federation; Center- Provinces) • Province • FATA/Ex-FATA now merged in KP Province • Ethnicity, Ethnic Question and Pakistani Nationhood • Neighboring countries: East (India), North(China), West (Iran and Afghanistan), South (Arabian sea) 24/02/20 Presentation slides, Dr Husnul Amin, Fulbright Fellow, use or further distribution without permission is not allowed and violation of copyrights. Dr Amin can be contacted at: husnulamin@gmail.com 2
- 7. Pashtuns and their territory in Pakistan • Background information about Pashtuns across the Pak-Afghan border • How many; history; politics; • Pashtuns and Afghan war; and war on terror 24/02/20 Presentation slides, Dr Husnul Amin, Fulbright Fellow, use or further distribution without permission is not allowed and violation of copyrights. Dr Amin can be contacted at: husnulamin@gmail.com 7
- 16. • Manzoor Pashteen (24 years old…) • Challenging the regime of fear • The story teller? • Play video (#1) 24/02/20 Presentation slides, Dr Husnul Amin, Fulbright Fellow, use or further distribution without permission is not allowed and violation of copyrights. Dr Amin can be contacted at: husnulamin@gmail.com 16
- 17. Pre-genesis/social non-movement phase • Reporting humiliations on military check posts • Pashto poetry • Pashto music • Story telling • IDPs in camps • University campus and public sphere • Missing persons • Images/videos of bomb blasts/casualties 24/02/20 Presentation slides, Dr Husnul Amin, Fulbright Fellow, use or further distribution without permission is not allowed and violation of copyrights. Dr Amin can be contacted at: husnulamin@gmail.com 17
- 19. Play Music • Pakhtoon ta Jwandoon Ghwaaroo: The Beginning (#2) • PAASOON SONG/Call for Action/Breaking silence call (# 3) • Poetry before Wranga speech (#8) 24/02/20 Presentation slides, Dr Husnul Amin, Fulbright Fellow, use or further distribution without permission is not allowed and violation of copyrights. Dr Amin can be contacted at: husnulamin@gmail.com 19
- 20. PTM and its list of demands • Right to life and protection of Pashtuns all across Pakistan • Missing persons • Judicial enquiry of extra judicial police killings/ Rao Anwar • Truth Commission under UN to investigate Pashtun genocide during War on Terror • Land mines • Resources, forests • Check posts? 24/02/20 Presentation slides, Dr Husnul Amin, Fulbright Fellow, use or further distribution without permission is not allowed and violation of copyrights. Dr Amin can be contacted at: husnulamin@gmail.com 20
- 32. Who participates? • Youth? • IDPs (and others) • Middle classes in the forefront • Women, children, different ideological orientations (transcendence) • Relatives of missing persons • Victims • Disgruntled Pashtun nationalists 24/02/20 Presentation slides, Dr Husnul Amin, Fulbright Fellow, use or further distribution without permission is not allowed and violation of copyrights. Dr Amin can be contacted at: husnulamin@gmail.com 32
- 33. Media Blackout/Role of Social Media • Mobile smartphones • Facebook • YouTube • Twitter (trending) • Face to face interaction/hujra 24/02/20 Presentation slides, Dr Husnul Amin, Fulbright Fellow, use or further distribution without permission is not allowed and violation of copyrights. Dr Amin can be contacted at: husnulamin@gmail.com 33
- 39. Slogans? • Ye Jo Dehshatgerdee hai ess kay peechay wardee hai • Ye jo Naa maloom hai, ye hamain maloom hay • Pakhtoon ta jwandoon ghwaroo • Ye Colonel, General, be ghairat • Da senga azaadee da • Pakhtoon pake mer keegee • Zwanan mw qatal keegee 24/02/20 Presentation slides, Dr Husnul Amin, Fulbright Fellow, use or further distribution without permission is not allowed and violation of copyrights. Dr Amin can be contacted at: husnulamin@gmail.com 39
- 40. Why now? • No definite answer … why now? • Global designs, 5th Generation Warfare, creating conditions for civil war (The State Narrative) • Immediate triggers: Naqeeb murder, Rao Anwar, return of IDPs, post-trauma (popular narrative) 24/02/20 Presentation slides, Dr Husnul Amin, Fulbright Fellow, use or further distribution without permission is not allowed and violation of copyrights. Dr Amin can be contacted at: husnulamin@gmail.com 40
- 41. Policing? Police killings as main cause • Military policing? • Missing persons? • Arrests and abductions? • Charges of sedition? (b/c Pak const guarantees freedom of expression and the right to protest) 24/02/20 Presentation slides, Dr Husnul Amin, Fulbright Fellow, use or further distribution without permission is not allowed and violation of copyrights. Dr Amin can be contacted at: husnulamin@gmail.com 41
- 48. Competing explanations • The official narrative/military establishment Arab Spring? • Spontaneous, reactive, sudden outburst of angry youth • India-and-Afghan-intelligence backing • Breaking Pakistani state, New Pashtun Nation State • Civil Rights Movement ? 24/02/20 Presentation slides, Dr Husnul Amin, Fulbright Fellow, use or further distribution without permission is not allowed and violation of copyrights. Dr Amin can be contacted at: husnulamin@gmail.com 48