Cloud-Native Solution Integrates Satellite Ground Station and Telecom Networks
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This document proposes a cloud-native solution to integrate satellite ground station systems and telecommunication network systems. It discusses how traditional ground stations are customized for different frequency bands, making development costly. Software-defined radio (SDR) allows ground stations to use more powerful and virtualized signal processing. Open RAN and 5G networks are also moving to cloud-native architectures using containers. The proposed solution envisions ground stations and base stations as services on a shared cloud platform. An orchestration system could automate deploying containerized network functions across private clouds for ground stations and networks, integrating these systems in a cloud-native way.
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Cloud-Native Solution Integrates Satellite Ground Station and Telecom Networks
- 1. The Cloud-Native Solution of Integrate Satellite Ground Station System and Telecommunication Network System National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University Arete Honors Program Students
- 2. The Design of Traditional Satellite Ground Station RF equipment Baseband equipment Signal Processing equipment K band Antenna RF equipment Baseband equipment Signal Processing equipment C band Antenna Connect to MOCC Connect to MOCC Customize each ground station system for each different frequency band Proprietary waveform
- 3. Communication Antenna CoTS USRP Including component: • Converter • Modem (A/D, D/A) • Digitalizer Signal processing Equipment Ethernet Tracking Antenna In communication Nearby satellites IP Currently is Impossible to Smoothly Interface with Ground Telecom Networks (Still Need a Network Devices “Gateway”) Wi-Fi Router 5G Base Station Gateway Cannot Smoothly Interface with Ground Telecom Networks
- 4. Solutions of Reduce Satellite Ground Station Development Because the development cost of customizing each ground station system for each different Satellite band is too high. Therefore, various ground station solutions have been designed one after another.
- 5. Hardware-based satellite ground operations architecture Source: A Software-Defined Baseband for Satellite Ground Operations
- 6. SDR-based satellite ground operations architecture Source: A Software-Defined Baseband for Satellite Ground Operations
- 7. Source: A Software-Defined Baseband for Satellite Ground Operations The signal processing part of the SDR-based Ground operations architecture can use a more powerful GPP or a VM/Private cloud of GPPs to realize a full software-defined TT&C ground station. SDR-based Satellite Ground Operations Architecture
- 8. Source: A Software-Defined Baseband for Satellite Ground Operations The most advanced solution for the “Signal Processing Component” part of SDR-based satellite ground stations currently uses VNF. SDR-based Satellite Ground Operations Architecture Signal Processing Component However, Cloud-Native Architecture has become a Future Trend.
- 9. O-RAN NF is Moving from Physical to Virtual And Moving Toward Cloud-Native! O-RAN High Level Architecture Ground Telecom Network (O-RAN) also Moving Toward to Cloud-Native In the red box is NF; Network Function Source: O-RAN.WG6.O2-GA&P-R003-v04.00
- 10. Cloud Stack (Containers/VMs, OS, Mgmt.) O-DU RIC O-CU AAL AAL O-Cloud O-Cloud Physical Infra Node FPGA x86 ASIC GPU O-RAN O-Cloud Support Deployment with Container NF O-Cloud provides NFs basic management services
- 11. Ground Station (SDR Platform) 5G Base Station (Open RAN) API Physical NF -> Container NF “OAM Cost” & “Space Occupied” Cloud-Native Reduce Smooth Connection via Open API
- 12. Cloud Platform Reimagining Ground Station with Cloud-Native Ground Station & 5G Station As a Service
- 13. ETE/ Service Orchestration System (ONAP) Reimagining the Use of Cloud-Native to Integrate Ground station System and Telecom Networks Cloud Infrastructure Cloud Infrastructure CNF CNF CNF CNF Private Cloud (O-RAN) CNF CNF CNF CNF Private Cloud(SDR) for signal processing Transport Network K8s API K8s API K8s operator K8s operator Nephio Automation Layer
Editor's Notes
- In the past, the entire satellite ground station system was built using physical hardware. In addition, because different satellites in different orbits use different communication frequencies (Ex: C/S band, X band, Ku band, etc,.) , it is necessary to customize a complete ground station system for each different frequency band. Although this tailor-made design allows for higher efficiency in signal processing and higher throughput, it has the disadvantage of being expensive and the development cost is too high, which will inevitably limit the development of Space Science and Satellite Communication Technology.
- In addition to this, after receiving the signal, the satellite ground station needs to undergo a frequency reduction process to turn the satellite band into the baseband. After that, the baseband must be converted to Ethernet through a “Signal Processing Device”, and through an OSI Layer 7 device called a "gateway", before the satellite ground station system can be successfully connected to the telecommunication system (Such as: O-RAN, base station, Wi-Fi router, Ethernet, etc.,.). However, the process of signal conversion and interconnection between different network environments may result in energy loss, packet loss, etc., which may cause the overall network performance and user experience to be poor.
- Because the development cost of customizing each ground station system for each different Satellite band is too high. Therefore, various ground station solutions have been designed one after another.
- The hardware-based satellite ground operation architecture requires different processing methods for different satellite communication bands (e.g., X-band, S-band). The way this architecture is designed makes the whole hardware system highly complex to design and less well integrated.
- If adopted the SDR-based architecture, the satellite ground station system can basically achieve a high degree of integration.
- The signal processing part of the SDR-based satellite ground operations architecture can use a more powerful GPP or a private cloud of GPPs to realize a full software-defined TT&C ground station.
- The most advanced solution for the “Signal Processing Component” part of SDR-based satellite ground stations currently uses VNF. However, Cloud-Native Architecture has become a Future Trend 當今最先進的 SDR based 的解決方案platform 是採用 VNF，
- And the Ground Telecom Network is also Moving Toward to Cloud-Native O-RAN NF is gradually moving from physical to virtualization and moving towards cloud native?
- O-RAN O-Cloud Support Deployment with Container NF O-Cloud provides NFs basic management services
- "Cloud Native" brings many benefits, lowering the maintenance costs of the enterprise and reducing the physical space footprint. “雲原生”帶來了許多好處，降低了企業的維運成本，同時也減少了實體空間佔用
- As the slideshow shows, our project proposes a new concept. Reimagining Ground Station with Cloud-Native. And Make Ground station and 5G base station as a service … Then why we choose this topic as the proposal for this competition? Let me tell all the distinguished guests here a story(about Traditional Ground station) 就如同投影片所見，我們的專案提出了一個新的概念，以全雲原生來重新定義衛星地面站，讓地面站和5G基站即服務 那為甚麼我們會想要選擇這個題目，作為這次競賽的提案呢？ 讓我來告訴各位敬愛的評審故事
- So, we came up with an innovative idea Reimagining the use of cloud native to integrate satellite ground station systems and telecommunications network systems Achieve very smooth integration satellite ground station systems and telecommunications network systems