IMPACT OF PESTICIDE ON ECOSYSTEM

1. UNIVERSITY OF AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES BENGALURU
COLLEGE OF AGRICULTURE HASSAN
From,
Aishwarya J.
Id no. – ALH 9003

2. IMPACT OF PESTICIDE ON
ECOSYSTEM AND HUMAN
HEALTH
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3. INTRODUCTION
 The term Pesticide includes all of the following; herbicide, insecticide, nematicides, acaracide, rodenticide, bactericide,
fungicide, insect repellent, disinfectant and so on. The most commonly used pesticides are fungicides which account
for 80% of all pesticides used.
 Pesticide residues are the traces of pesticide compounds that remain on or in the crop, water, soil and air after the
application.
 Pesticide residues get into the environment as a result of application or by accident and can be found in the air, water
and soil.
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4.  Pesticide residues, if present in air, soil and water can pose a serious threat to biological diversity and
human health.
 After depositing in the environment, the pesticides start to break down and forms metabolites that are
more or less toxic.
 Pesticide residues decline as the pesticide breaks down over time, therefore the levels of residues are
highest immediately after the application and diminish as the crops continue to grow.
 When exposed to sunlight or microorganisms in the soil, most pesticides degrade easily however, the
utmost number of pesticides after application scatter into non-target areas or leach into groundwater or
move in surface runoff by misuse and misapplication while handling or spraying.
 The impact of widespread usage of chemical pesticides has made an uncountable number of effects on
human health, environment and other life forms and has turned into a serious issue across the globe
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5. Factors affecting pesticide and its degree of risk to the
environment
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7. How do pesticide affect our ecosysytem?
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Point source pollution
• Contamination that comes froma specific,
identifiable place (a point)
• Includes pesticide spills, wash water from clean up
sites, leaks from storage sites, and improper disposal
of pesticides and their containers
Nonpont source pollution
• Contamination theat comes from a wide area
• Includes the drift of pesticide through the air,
pesticide runoff intowaterways, pesticide movement
into ground water, etc.

8. PESTICIDE CYCLE
 The atmosphere is an
important part of hydrological
cycle
 Pesticide enter the
atmosphere through drift,
wind erosion and evaporation.
 Pesticide can move great
distances in the atmosphere
 Pesticide reach the earth’s
surfacevia dry deposition and
percipitation
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9. Mechanism of entry of pesticide in environment
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10. Environmental and health hazards
Environmental hazards
• Adverse effects on
• Air
• Soil
• Water
Health hazards
• Risks on human helth due to
occupational exposure.
• Consumption of polluted water .
• Pesticidal residue contaminated food
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11. Negative impact on soil health
 Kills beneficial organisms
 Damage the natural texture of soil
 Alters the Ph
 Increase soil toxicity
 Decrease soil quality
 Residual effect
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12. Effect on water
Water becomes unfit of drinking
The runoff of agrochemicals in water bodies can increase algal
growth and cause eutrophication.
Polluted water leads to death of fish and other aquatic animals.
Excessive use for agrochemicals leads to groundwater
contamination.
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13. Effect on air
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14. Adverse effect on human health
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15. Biomagnification
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16. Impact of pesticide residues on environment and different life forms
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17. Evidence of pesticide in food
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18. Disease caused by pesticide toxicity in humans
 Alzheimer’s disease - A number of research has linked pesticides to neurological disorders, but
research on its link to alzheimer’s disease (AD) is still particularly new.
 Asthma - Exposure to pesticides has been found to increase incidents of repsiratory problems
including asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), and even lung cancer.
 Birth defects - Exposure to pesticides can increase your risk of having a baby with birth defects.
During the mother’s pregnancy, a baby’s brain and nervous system are rapidly developing.
 Cancer - Hazardous chemicals including pesticides are potentially carcinogenic or a cancer-causing
agent. Repeated contact or excessive exposure to these harmful substances can lead to cancer.
 Pesticide poisoning - Poisoning from pesticides is also another risk that comes with pesticide
exposure.
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