This document discusses different types of network cables and computer network types. It provides information on coaxial cables, twisted pair cables, and fiber optic cables. It defines personal area networks (PAN), local area networks (LAN), metropolitan area networks (MAN), and wide area networks (WAN). The key points are: 1. Network cables such as coaxial, twisted pair, and fiber optic are used to connect devices and allow communication and sharing of resources over a computer network. 2. There are different types of computer networks including PAN, LAN, MAN, and WAN which connect devices over various distances ranging from 10 meters to worldwide. 3. PAN connects devices within 10 meters, L

1. Md. Hazrat Ali
ID-1834902517
Batch 49th
Computer Network
Cable:Before learning about the different types of network cables, you must be aware of
what are network cable and what are they used for. These cables are installed to
communicate information among networks of computers, switches, routers etc. Through
these cable set-up internet access, file sharing, emails, and other similar servers are carried
out.
Three types of Network cables.
1. Coaxial Cables
2. Twisted pair Cables.
3. Fiber Optic Cables.
Goals of Computer Network
Sharing Resources from one Computer to anotherComputer over a
Network
Performance by measuring the speed of data transmission with
number of users, connectivity and the software used.
Reliability makes easy to use an alternative source for data
communication in case of hardware failure or connectivity issues
Scalability increases the system performance by adding more
Processors

2. Security is the main characteristics of Computer network where you
can take necessary steps for protecting your data from unauthorized access.
Application of Computer Network
1. Business Applications
2. Communication Medium
3. E-commerce
4. Home Applications
5. Electronic commerce
6. Mobile Users
Network Hardware & Software
There are three components of Computer Network
1.Hardware Equipment:
NIC, Server, Client, Peers, Transmission, Medium, Router, Bridge, Hub, Switches, Gateway,
Repeaters.
2.Software:
Network Operating System, Protocols Switches (TCP/IP/OSI).
3.Cables and Connectors:
Twisted pair cable, Coaxial Cable, Fiber-optic Cable
Computer Network Types
 PAN (Personal Area Network):Up to 10-meterDistance.
 LAN (Local Area Network):Up to 1 KilometerDistance.
 MAN (Metropolitan Area Network): It connects two or more computers that are
apart but resides in the same or different cities.

3. Metropolitan Area Network.
 WAN(Wide AreaNetwork):
PAN (Personal Area Network)
 Personal Area Network covers an area of 10 meters.
 PAN includesmobile devices,tablet,andlaptop.
 Thomas Zimmerman was the first researchscientistto bring the ideaof the Personal Area
Network.
LAN (Local Area Network)
 Local Area Network is a group of computers connectedto each other in a small area such as
school,laboratory, home,and office building.
 It is a networkwhich consists oflessthan 5000 interconnecteddevicesacrossseveral
buildings.

4.  Data of all network userscan be stored on a single hard diskof the servercomputer.
 Local Area Network provideshighersecurity
MAN (Metropolitan Area Network)
 MetropolitanArea Networkor MAN isconsistingof a computer networkacross an entire
city, college campus,or a small region
 The most widelyusedprotocols inMAN are RS-232, Frame Relay, ATM, ISDN, OC-3,
ADSL, etc.
 It offersfast communication usinghigh-speedcarriers,like fiberoptic cables.

5. Metropolitan Area Network
WAN (Wide Area Network)-
 WANnetwork systemcould be a connectionof a LAN whichconnects with other LAN's
usingtelephone linesandradio waves. It is mostly limitedtoan enterprise oran
organization.
 A Wide Area Networkis widelyusedin the fieldof Business,government,andeducation.
 The software fileswill be shared among all the users;therefore,all can access to the latest
files.
Wide area network.
IP Address
IP (InternetProtocol) Five class of IP Address A, B, C, D and E.
1. Class A- Range 0 to 127, 4 Octets
1st 8 bits Network 24 bits Host.
2. ClassB- Range 128 to 191, 4 octets
1st
16 bitsNetworkand16 bitsHost.
3. ClassC- Range 192 to223,4 octets
1st
24 bitsNetworkand8 bitsHost

6. 4. ClassD- Range 224 to 239, 4 octets
Use: Multicasting addresses
5. Class E-Range 240 to 254,4 octets,
Use: Experimental and reserved by the Internet for its own use.