ISO Standard 9241
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ISO 9241 is a multi-part standard covering ergonomics of human-computer interaction. It aims to support usability as a broad quality objective to ensure the ability to use a product for its intended purpose. The standard originally focused on office work with visual display terminals and consisted of 17 parts addressing topics like display requirements, keyboard requirements, workstation layout, and guidance on user interfaces.
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ISO Standard 9241
- 1. HCI- ISO STANDARD “9241” By: HASSAN AFTAB
- 2. ISO Standard 9241 • • • ISO 9241 is a multi-part standard covering ergonomics of human-computer interaction. 9241 is concerned with usability as a broad quality objective: the ability to use a product for its intended purpose. This Standard can be used to support the following activities: • • specification of overall quality and usability requirements and evaluation against these requirements incorporation of usability into a quality system
- 3. Parts of 9241 • ISO 9241 was originally titled Ergonomic requirements for office work with visual display terminals (VDTs) and consisted of the following parts: • • • • • • • • Part 1: General introduction Part 2: Guidance on task requirements Part 3: Visual display requirements Part 4: Keyboard requirements Part 5: Workstation layout and postural requirements Part 6: Guidance on the work environment Part 7: Display requirements with reflections Part 8: Requirements for displayed colors
- 4. Continued… • • • • • • • • • Part 9: Requirements for non-keyboard input devices Part 10: Dialogue principles Part 11: Guidance on usability Part 12: Presentation of information Part 13: User guidance Part 14: Menu dialogues Part 15: Command dialogues Part 16: Direct manipulation dialogues Part 17: Form filling dialogues
- 5. ISO 9241-1: General introduction • This part introduces the multi-part standard ISO 9241 for the ergonomic requirements for the use of visual display terminals for office tasks and explains some of the basic underlying principles. It provides some guidance on how to use the standard and describes how conformance to parts of ISO 9241 should be reported.
- 6. ISO 9241-2: Guidance on task requirements • This part deals with the design of tasks and jobs involving work with visual display terminals. It provides guidance on how task requirements may be identified and specified within individual organisations and how task requirements can be incorporated into the system design and implementation process.
- 7. ISO 9241-3: Visual Display Requirements • This part specifies the ergonomics requirements for display screens which ensure that they can be read comfortably, safely and efficiently to perform office tasks. Although it deals specifically with displays used in offices, it is appropriate to specify it for most applications that require general purpose displays to be used in an office-like environment.
- 8. ISO 9241-4: Keyboard Requirements • This part specifies the ergonomics design characteristics of an alphanumeric keyboard which may be used comfortably, safely and efficiently to perform office tasks.
- 9. ISO 9241-5: Workstation layout and postural requirements • This part specifies the ergonomics requirements for a Visual Display Terminal workplace which will allow the user to adopt a comfortable and efficient posture.
- 10. ISO 9241-6: Guidance on the Work Environment • This part specifies the ergonomics requirements for the Visual Display Terminal working environment which will provide the user with comfortable, safe and productive working conditions.
- 11. ISO 9241-7: Display Requirements With Reflections • This part specifies methods of measurement of glare and reflections from the surface of display screens, including those with surface treatments.
- 12. ISO 9241-8: Requirements For Displayed Colors • This part specifies the requirements for multicolour displays which are largely in addition to the monochrome requirements in Part 3.
- 13. ISO 9241-9: Requirements for Non-Keyboard Input Devices • This part specifies the ergonomics requirements for non-keyboard input devices which may be used in conjunction with a visual display terminal. It also includes a suggestion for a user-based performance test as an alternative way of showing conformance. The standard covers such devices as the mouse, trackball and other pointing devices, but it does not address voice input.
- 14. ISO 9241-10: Dialogue Principles • Gives ergonomic principles formulated in general terms; they are presented without reference to situations of use, application, environment or technology. These principles are intended to be used in specifications, design and evaluation of dialogues for office work with visual display terminals (VDTs)
- 15. ISO 9241-11: Guidance on Usability • • This part deals with the extent to which a product is usable Usability The extent to which a product can be used by specified users to achieve specified goals with effectiveness, efficiency and satisfaction in a specified context of use • • • • ISO 9241-11 explains how usability can be specified and evaluated in terms of user performance and satisfaction. Effectiveness : The accuracy and completeness with which users achieve specified goals. Efficiency : The resources expended in relation to the accuracy and completeness with which users achieve goals. Satisfaction : The comfort and acceptability of use
- 16. ISO 9241-12: Presentation of Information • This part contains specific recommendations for presenting and representing information on visual displays. It includes guidance on ways of representing complex information using alphanumeric and graphical/symbolic codes, screen layout, and design as well as the use of windows.
- 17. ISO 9241-13: User Guidance • This part provides recommendations for the design and evaluation of user guidance attributes of software user interfaces including Prompts, Feedback, Status, On-line Help and Error Management.
- 18. ISO 9241-14: Menu Dialogues • This part provides recommendations for the ergonomic design of menus used in user-computer dialogues. The recommendations cover menu structure, navigation, option selection and execution, and menu presentation (by various techniques including windowing, panels, buttons, fields, etc.).
- 19. ISO 9241-15: Command Dialogues • This part provides recommendations for the ergonomic design of command languages used in user-computer dialogues. The recommendations cover command language structure and syntax, command representations, input and output considerations, and feedback and help.
- 20. ISO 9241-16: Direct Manipulation Dialogues • This part provides recommendations for the ergonomic design of direct manipulation dialogues, and includes the manipulation of objects, and the design of metaphors, objects and attributes. It covers those aspects of Graphical User Interfaces that are directly manipulated, and not covered by other parts of ISO 9241.
- 21. ISO 9241-17: Form Filling Dialogues • This part provides recommendations for the ergonomic design of form filling dialogues. The recommendations cover form structure and output considerations, input considerations, and form navigation.