what are goals. how can we plan them.

1. By- Harsheka kar
MOT I year

3. PLANING
• Program planning is the process of organising information so
that the problems in function are -
• Delineated (Describe)
• goals are specified
• principles of intervention are identified
• activities are selected
• The process of planning is designed to permit a
comprehensive approach to bring the client and occupational
therapist together.

4. GUIDELINES FOR PLANNING
•A good plan allows an overview of
the intervention process at glance.
•Methods of planning could be-

5. I. INTO PERFORMACE AREA AND
PERFORMANCE COMPONENTS
• The problems are listed down and then listing problems
according to performance areas and performance
components.
• This enables the therapist to note strengths and
weaknesses quickly.
• The client's strengths should be those areas and
components that have few problems while weaknesses
have more problems.

6. II. ACC. TO PRIORITY OF THE PATIENT
• Another guideline for selecting the initial problem for
intervention is to ask the client which problems are most
annoying and are of most concern.
• Addressing an annoying problem enhances the therapist
client relationship and may set the stage for better
cooperation between therapist and the client to address
problem that are complex or difficult to overcome in future.

7. III. ACC. TO PRIORITY OF THE
CARETAKERS OF THE PATIENT.
• Other guideline is to select those problems that most
annoying staff of family and take up excessive staff time.
• for example a patient may need help in feeding by the
staff or family members that take a lot of time and are not
enjoyable.
• staff family and the client usually appreciate assistance
in solving such problems and as a result they corporate
more in approaching other problems as well.

8. IV. ACC. TO SIMPLICITY AND
COMPLEXICITY
• Other guideline is to select initially those problems that
seems to have an easy solution
• simple goals first complex goal later.
• Again better corporation may be achieved when results
of intervention can be seen quickly.
• it also increases motivation in the client and adherence
to the treatment.

9. WRITING UP GOALS
• After the problems are listed, goals need to be established to
determine
-when intervention can be discontinued
-the direction of such intervention.
• Goals should be based on therapist best estimate of what
competencies are needed at what level and what can be
accomplished in the intervention.
• Goals should be estimated by the therapist according to the
skill level of the patient.
• Overestimating potential can frustrate both the client and the
therapist and underestimating robs the client for
accomplishing a better skill level

10. GOALS ARE WRITTEN IN TERMS OF
CHANGE STATEMENT THAT INDICATE THE
DIRECTION AND THE TYPE OF CHANGE
EXPECTED.
IT COULD BE-
1. TO PREVENT
2. TO MAINTAIN
3. TO DEVELOP
4. TO ADAPT
5. TO IMPROVE

11. TO PREVENT
• Goals could be to prevent something from happening
that could be detrimental to health and function.
• EXAMPLE
• Preventing contractures, loss of muscle, strength,
disorientations.

12. TO MAINTAIN
• Some patients will need to maintain some functions or a
skill level.
• EXAMPLE
• Maintaining muscle strength, range of motion etc.

13. TO DEVOLOP
• The direction is consistent with development or learning
of a skill.
• EXAMPLE
• Developing play skills, developing group interactions.

14. TO ADAPT OR ADJUST
• Some patients may need adjusting or adapting to use a
certain prosthesis or any assistive device.
• EXAMPLE
• Using a wheelchair, universal cuff etc.

15. TO IMPROVE
• Some patients will need to increase or restore the
amount or degree of a skill.
• EXAMPLE
• Increasing or improving muscle strength, ROM, balance,
attention span, social skills etc.

16. GOAL SETTING.
- GOALS REPRESENT THE FINAL OUTCOME OF
PERFORMANCE TO BE ACHIEVED IN TERMS OF TYPE
OF PERFORMANCE OR LEVEL OF PERFORMANCE IN
A SPECIFIC TIME.