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What is Whole Body Vibration Training?

                            Whole Body Vibration Platforms stimulate the
                            body’s natural response to vibration.

                            The vibration of the platforms creates instability in
                            the human body, and with each vibration the body
                            is forced to perform reflexive muscle actions,
                            multiple times per second.

                            The net result is that all exercise on a vibration
                            platform has more muscle activation resulting in
                            improved results in less time for all strength, power,
                            and flexibility training.

                            There are also a whole host of powerful
                            physiological enhancements including increased
                            circulation and lymphatic flow; increased strength
                            and power; increased stability and balance;
                            increased range of motion; improved recovery and
                            relaxation.
Characteristics of vibration


         Vertical Vibration




     In alignment with gravity
        and gravity receptor




        Multi – dimensional


                                       Direction of the vibration:
                                   displacement up and down, forward
    Multi – dimensional function        and backward, side to side
Classification of acceleration forces (g-forces)



1 g = 9.81 m/s² (normal earth gravity)




Values smaller than 1 = microgravity (i.e. 0 g in space)




Values greater than 1 = macro-gravity (i.e. roller coaster→ max. 6 g!)
Gravity… nature’s resistance


  Amplitude (mm)       Frequency (Hz)      Gravity Force (g)   Acceleration (m/s²)

       Low                  30                  1.83              18.00 m/s2
                            35                  2.32              22.80 m/s2
                            40                  2.76              27.10 m/s2
                            50                  3.48              34.10 m/s2


       High                 30                  3.17              31.10 m/s2
                            35                  3.99              39.10 m/s2
                            40                   5.11             50.09 m/s2
                            50                  6.36              62.40 m/s2


          Acceleration measured by the University of Leuven (Belgium)
Formula of Force

      Relationship between mass and acceleration on force factor



F = m x a            Body mass + load mass = decreased acceleration




F = m x a           Body mass + Power Plate = increased acceleration




                 Body mass + load mass + Power-Plate = increased mass &
F = m x a
                                      acceleration
Formula of Force


Normal:
F (z/vertical) = 70kg (bodyweight) x 9.81 m/s2 (1 g) = 686 Newton




Traditional resistance training:

F (z/vertical) = [70kg + 58kg extra weight] x 9.81 m/s2 (1 g) = 1255 Newton



Power Plate (Acceleration) training (30 Hz Low):

F (z/vertical) = 70kg (bodyweight) x 18.3 m/s2 (1.8 g) = 1260 Newton
Basics of neuroanatomy and neurophysiology

                               Afferent side               Classical reflex arc
                                 sensory



   Receptor
 Neuromuscular
    spindle

                                                                          Spinal cord
                            reflex = unconscious and
                                       fast
    Effector
Muscle-contraction




                                 Efferent side
                                     motor
    Neuromuscular spindle = measures change in length and rate of change in length
Basics of neuroanatomy and neurophysiology


           Muscle is stretched


   Neuromuscular spindle is stimulated


    Information gets to the spinal cord


    Motor neuron fires quick impulses


Muscle contraction of the stretched muscle


       Reflex muscle contraction             Knee Jerk Reflex
Tonic Vibration Reflex
            Tonic Vibration Reflex




Pre-tensed muscles + Vibration

Improvement of inter-muscular coordination

Improvement of intra-muscular coordination

Recruitment, synchronization and rate coding

Pre-tension affects transmissibility




         Fast Twitch & Slow Twitch

        Stability, Strength & Power
Golgi Tendon Organ: The Tension Receptor


Autogenic Inhibition
 (GTO creates inhibition within same
 muscle being stimulated)

Reciprocal Inhibition
 (GTO creates inhibition within
 functional opposing muscle)


Polysynaptic pathway
 (Enabling functional improvements in
                                        GTO detects change in tension and rate
 ROM and Force production)
                                                  change in tension
Strength vs. Flexibility




       Vibrations initiated by high            Vibrations initiated by low
           muscle pre-tension                     muscle pre-tension




Dominance of the muscle spindle activity     Dominance of the GTO activity




   Positive adaption in strength           Positive adaption in flexibility
Areas of Conditioning

 STRETCH (Warm-up) – primes neuromuscular system as well as increasing circulation,
  temperature, AND increasing dynamic flexibility in less than 5 minutes!


 BALANCE (Coordination) – ultimate in stability and balance training and results in greatly
  increased recruitment of muscles.


  CORE (Pillar) – more muscle activation means improved results in less time!


 STRENGTH (Power) - through increased muscle activation all exercises are more productive on
  a vibration platform!


  MASSAGE (Recovery & Regeneration) – massage and myofascial release is easy to do, and
  FEELS GREAT while greatly improving recovery!
Influence on blood flow

Vibrations stimulates the muscle-pump-effect and
causes an increase in blood-flow with an improvement
of transport capacity for:


   Oxygen / carbon dioxide


   Vitality components (micro nutrients)


   Energy components (macro nutrients)


   Derivates and wastes (i.e. acids)
Influence on bone density

The following factors determine bone density:
    Tensile and compressive loading on the bones as a reaction of muscle activity




                                                                                     Power Plate





                                                                                       effects
      Velocity of deformation

     Re-vascularization of intra-osseous matrix

     Hormones
Influence on hormones



Release of:


 Human growth hormone (muscle
building)

 Serotonin (neuro-transmitter)

 Testosterone (muscle building)



Reduction of:


 Cortisol (long-time-stress marker)
Effect of Long-Term Whole Body Vibration Training on
 Visceral Adipose Tissue: A Preliminary Report

 Study compared four groups: control group with no lifestyle changes; diet only
group; diet and traditional exercise group (3 X 60 minute sessions per week); and diet
and Whole Body Vibration group (3 X 30 minutes per week).

After 6 months the whole body vibration group had lost almost 30% of their Visceral
Adipose Tissue (Abdominal fat) which is the type of fat most strongly linked to
cardiovascular disease and metabolic syndrome!

After 6 months the diet with traditional exercise group lost about half as much fat as
the vibration group, and the diet only group lost even less!

After stopping all diet and exercise interventions for 6 months and re-
assessing all groups the diet and diet and traditional exercise groups gained
back all or even more fat than they had to begin with BUT the vibration group
actually lost a little bit more fat!
Whole Body Vibration Advantages

Health Club Benefits:

 Generate new programming revenue – provide individual or group training option for members.

 Easy to combine with other modalities such as TRX or Gravity EFI.

 Program & product variety provides member retention.

 Can be used by any member or potential member from senior de-conditioned person to high end athlete.



Health Benefits:

 Increases bone mineral density

 Increases muscle strength and endurance

 Increases circulation

 Recovery and regeneration of damaged tissue

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Whole Body Vibration For Health Clubs

  • 1. What is Whole Body Vibration Training? Whole Body Vibration Platforms stimulate the body’s natural response to vibration. The vibration of the platforms creates instability in the human body, and with each vibration the body is forced to perform reflexive muscle actions, multiple times per second. The net result is that all exercise on a vibration platform has more muscle activation resulting in improved results in less time for all strength, power, and flexibility training. There are also a whole host of powerful physiological enhancements including increased circulation and lymphatic flow; increased strength and power; increased stability and balance; increased range of motion; improved recovery and relaxation.
  • 2. Characteristics of vibration Vertical Vibration In alignment with gravity and gravity receptor Multi – dimensional Direction of the vibration: displacement up and down, forward Multi – dimensional function and backward, side to side
  • 3. Classification of acceleration forces (g-forces) 1 g = 9.81 m/s² (normal earth gravity) Values smaller than 1 = microgravity (i.e. 0 g in space) Values greater than 1 = macro-gravity (i.e. roller coaster→ max. 6 g!)
  • 4. Gravity… nature’s resistance Amplitude (mm) Frequency (Hz) Gravity Force (g) Acceleration (m/s²) Low 30 1.83 18.00 m/s2 35 2.32 22.80 m/s2 40 2.76 27.10 m/s2 50 3.48 34.10 m/s2 High 30 3.17 31.10 m/s2 35 3.99 39.10 m/s2 40 5.11 50.09 m/s2 50 6.36 62.40 m/s2 Acceleration measured by the University of Leuven (Belgium)
  • 5. Formula of Force Relationship between mass and acceleration on force factor F = m x a Body mass + load mass = decreased acceleration F = m x a Body mass + Power Plate = increased acceleration Body mass + load mass + Power-Plate = increased mass & F = m x a acceleration
  • 6. Formula of Force Normal: F (z/vertical) = 70kg (bodyweight) x 9.81 m/s2 (1 g) = 686 Newton Traditional resistance training: F (z/vertical) = [70kg + 58kg extra weight] x 9.81 m/s2 (1 g) = 1255 Newton Power Plate (Acceleration) training (30 Hz Low): F (z/vertical) = 70kg (bodyweight) x 18.3 m/s2 (1.8 g) = 1260 Newton
  • 7. Basics of neuroanatomy and neurophysiology Afferent side Classical reflex arc sensory Receptor Neuromuscular spindle Spinal cord reflex = unconscious and fast Effector Muscle-contraction Efferent side motor Neuromuscular spindle = measures change in length and rate of change in length
  • 8. Basics of neuroanatomy and neurophysiology Muscle is stretched Neuromuscular spindle is stimulated Information gets to the spinal cord Motor neuron fires quick impulses Muscle contraction of the stretched muscle Reflex muscle contraction Knee Jerk Reflex
  • 9. Tonic Vibration Reflex Tonic Vibration Reflex Pre-tensed muscles + Vibration Improvement of inter-muscular coordination Improvement of intra-muscular coordination Recruitment, synchronization and rate coding Pre-tension affects transmissibility Fast Twitch & Slow Twitch Stability, Strength & Power
  • 10. Golgi Tendon Organ: The Tension Receptor Autogenic Inhibition (GTO creates inhibition within same muscle being stimulated) Reciprocal Inhibition (GTO creates inhibition within functional opposing muscle) Polysynaptic pathway (Enabling functional improvements in GTO detects change in tension and rate ROM and Force production) change in tension
  • 11. Strength vs. Flexibility Vibrations initiated by high Vibrations initiated by low muscle pre-tension muscle pre-tension Dominance of the muscle spindle activity Dominance of the GTO activity Positive adaption in strength Positive adaption in flexibility
  • 12. Areas of Conditioning STRETCH (Warm-up) – primes neuromuscular system as well as increasing circulation, temperature, AND increasing dynamic flexibility in less than 5 minutes! BALANCE (Coordination) – ultimate in stability and balance training and results in greatly increased recruitment of muscles. CORE (Pillar) – more muscle activation means improved results in less time! STRENGTH (Power) - through increased muscle activation all exercises are more productive on a vibration platform! MASSAGE (Recovery & Regeneration) – massage and myofascial release is easy to do, and FEELS GREAT while greatly improving recovery!
  • 13. Influence on blood flow Vibrations stimulates the muscle-pump-effect and causes an increase in blood-flow with an improvement of transport capacity for:  Oxygen / carbon dioxide  Vitality components (micro nutrients)  Energy components (macro nutrients)  Derivates and wastes (i.e. acids)
  • 14. Influence on bone density The following factors determine bone density:  Tensile and compressive loading on the bones as a reaction of muscle activity Power Plate  effects Velocity of deformation  Re-vascularization of intra-osseous matrix  Hormones
  • 15. Influence on hormones Release of:  Human growth hormone (muscle building)  Serotonin (neuro-transmitter)  Testosterone (muscle building) Reduction of:  Cortisol (long-time-stress marker)
  • 16. Effect of Long-Term Whole Body Vibration Training on Visceral Adipose Tissue: A Preliminary Report  Study compared four groups: control group with no lifestyle changes; diet only group; diet and traditional exercise group (3 X 60 minute sessions per week); and diet and Whole Body Vibration group (3 X 30 minutes per week). After 6 months the whole body vibration group had lost almost 30% of their Visceral Adipose Tissue (Abdominal fat) which is the type of fat most strongly linked to cardiovascular disease and metabolic syndrome! After 6 months the diet with traditional exercise group lost about half as much fat as the vibration group, and the diet only group lost even less! After stopping all diet and exercise interventions for 6 months and re- assessing all groups the diet and diet and traditional exercise groups gained back all or even more fat than they had to begin with BUT the vibration group actually lost a little bit more fat!
  • 17. Whole Body Vibration Advantages Health Club Benefits:  Generate new programming revenue – provide individual or group training option for members.  Easy to combine with other modalities such as TRX or Gravity EFI.  Program & product variety provides member retention.  Can be used by any member or potential member from senior de-conditioned person to high end athlete. Health Benefits:  Increases bone mineral density  Increases muscle strength and endurance  Increases circulation  Recovery and regeneration of damaged tissue