Industrial Revolution

1. Industrial Revolution

2. Industrial Revolution Timeline
The Industrial Revolution was a time in the 18th
century when many important inventions were made.
Many of these inventions made work easier and
cheaper. As these inventions created new
manufacturing and industry, many people also moved
away from farms into cities. It was a time of very rapid
change in the world.
1712 The steam engine is invented.
1764 The spinning jenny is invented.
1769 James Watt improves the steam engine.
1794 Eli Whitney patents the cotton gin.
1844 Samuel Morse invents the telegraph.
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3. 1712
The steam engine is invented.
Thomas Newcomen invents the first steam
engine called atmospheric engine or Newcomen
engines. It is not very useful yet, but the idea of
using steam to make machines go will be important
to the Industrial Revolution.

4. 1712
Newcomen engine
The engine was operated by condensing steam drawn into
the cylinder, thereby creating a partial vacuum which
allowed the atmospheric pressure to push the piston into the
cylinder.
It was the first practical device to harness steam to produce
mechanical work. Newcomen engines were used throughout
Britain and Europe, principally to pump water out of mines.
Hundreds were constructed through the 18th century.

5. 1764
The spinning jenny is invented.
James Hargreaves, a British carpenter and weaver,
invents the spinning jenny. The machine spins
more than one ball of yarn or thread at a time,
making it easier and faster to make cloth.

6. 1764
Spinning Jenny
The spinning jenny is a multi-spindle spinning frame, and
was one of the key developments in the industrialization
of weaving during the early Industrial Revolution.
The device reduced the amount of work needed to
produce cloth, with a worker able to work eight or more
spools at once.

7. 1769
James Watt improves the
steam engine.
James Watt was a Scottish inventor, mechanical
engineer, and chemist who improved the 1712
Newcomen steam engine with his Watt steam
engine in 1776, which was fundamental to the
changes brought by the Industrial Revolution in
both his native Great Britain and the rest of the
world.

8. 1764
Watt’s Invention
He developed the concept of horsepower, and the SI unit of power, the watt, was named
after him. He also develops the Watt steam engine, alternatively known as the Boulton
and Watt steam engine.
Copy Machine
James Watt’s other main invention was that of the copy
machine. At the time, in the 1780s, there was no way to
effectively make precise copies of drawings or letters
without doing it by hand, or by using linked pens on
multiple pieces of paper.

9. 1794
Eli Whitney patents the
cotton gin.
Eli Whitney was an American inventor best
known for inventing the cotton gin. He creates a
machine that makes it much easier to separate
cotton seeds from cotton fiber.

10. 1794
Cotton gin
A cotton gin is a machine that quickly and easily separates
cotton fibers from their seeds, enabling much greater
productivity than manual cotton separation.
The fibers are then processed into various cotton goods
such as linens, while any undamaged cotton is used largely
for textiles like clothing. The separated seeds may be used
to grow more cotton or to produce cottonseed oil.
See Video of Cotton Gin

11. 1844
Samuel Morse invents the
telegraph.
Samuel Morse invents the telegraph, which allows
messages to be sent quickly over a wire. By 1860,
telegraph wires stretch from the east coast of the
United States west of the Mississippi River. He was
a co-developer of Morse code and helped to
develop the commercial use of telegraphy.

12. 1844
Morse Code
Morse code is a character encoding scheme used
in telecommunication that encodes text
characters as standardized sequences of two
different signal durations called dots and dashes
or dits and dahs.

13. The first industrial
revolution cause the
growth of industries
such as coal, iron,
railroads and textiles.
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14. The second industrial
revolution witness the
expan sion of
electrcity, petroleum
and steel.
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15. The third industrial
revolution advent of
nuclear power and digital
circuits including
computer, digital cellular
phone and the Internet.
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16. Fourth Industrial Revolution
 Industry 4.0 is a name given to the current trend of
automation and data exchange in manufacturing
technologies.
 It includes cyber-physical systems, the Internet of things,
cloud computing and cognitive computing.
 Sometimes called “smart factories”.
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17. Smart factories
 Within modular structured smart factories, cyber-physical
systems monitor physical processes, create a virtual copy of
the physical world and make decentralized decisions.
 Over the Internet of Things, cyber-physical systems
communicate and cooperate with each other and with
humans in real-time both internally and across
organizational services offered and used by participants of
the value chain.
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