Actor-network theory is a theoretical and methodological approach to social theory where everything in the social and natural worlds exists in constantly shifting networks of relationships

1. How can we ensure
How can we ensure
How can we ensure
smoke-free indoor places?
smoke-free indoor places?
smoke-free indoor places?
An Actor-Network Theory Analysis
GAURAV DESHMUKH - DT2022004

2. Pace
Pace
Pace
Intro
Innovation in Practice
Insights into Each Loop
Actor-Network Theory
Automization of the Issue
The contest and the negotiation of Solutions
Resolution
Mobilization
Alliance Building
Engagement with the Public
Broader Impliactions
Autonomization and Institutionalization

3. Intro
Intro
Intro
There are several human and non-human actors involved
that are identified as key attributes of those jurisdictions
that successfully pursue the innovation.
TRANSNATIONAL ISSUES LIKE THE TOBACCO EPIDEMIC
ARE MAJOR CHALLENGES THAT DEFY ANALYSIS AND
MANAGEMENT BY CONVENTIONAL METHODS
1.

4. Actor-
Actor-
Actor-
Network
Network
Network
Theory
Theory
Theory
Actor-network theory is
a comprehensive
framework for the
analysis of fundamental
system change.
2.
Methodological
approach to social
theory where
everything in the social
and natural worlds
exists in constantly
shifting networks of
relationships

5. .The development of an actor-network
necessarily signals the pursuit of a goal,
which generally stimulates the
development of counter networks, or
‘anti-programs', with different goals or
that seek to block the goal being sought.
They compete for allies, institutional
endorsement, public support, and
tangible and intangible resources
ACTOR-NETWORK THEORY
ACTOR-NETWORK THEORY
ACTOR-NETWORK THEORY
Bruno Lataur

6. Latour's model
Latour's model
Latour's model
Used as a starting point

7. Mobilization
Mobilization
Mobilization
Non-humans are progressively
loaded into discourse
Alliance Building
Alliance Building
Alliance Building
Ally building vs Rejecting
Balance of Opinions
Balance of Opinions
Balance of Opinions
Gaining the acceptance of individuals
potentially affected
Institutionalization
Institutionalization
Institutionalization
Institutional support for, an innovation
emerges from the appropriate structures.

8. Innovation in
Innovation in
Innovation in
Practice
Practice
Practice
Autonomization of the issue
The Contest and Negotiation of
Solutions
Resolution
1.
2.
3.
3.

9. Automization of
Automization of
Automization of
the Issue
the Issue
the Issue
Early stage in which all major actors
will start forming allies, public will
question the state of art and
government will start interrogating
the issue.
3.1

10. Issue
Issue
Issue
Autonomization
Autonomization
Autonomization
(stage 1)
(stage 1)
(stage 1)
Autonomization of the Issue

11. THE CONTEST
THE CONTEST
THE CONTEST
AND THE
AND THE
AND THE
NEGOTIATION
NEGOTIATION
NEGOTIATION
OF SOLUTIONS
OF SOLUTIONS
OF SOLUTIONS
Second stage where solutions will
emerge from all the sides, public
will start choosing sides, allies will
sever and bound and government
will start some level of policy
3.2

12. Contest (stage 2)
Contest (stage 2)
Contest (stage 2)
The contest and the negotiations of
Solutions

13. 3.3
Resolution
Resolution
Resolution
Late stage where the discourse will
start to have a major side, social
acceptance will become prominent
and government will be more open
to form stricter polices.

14. Resolution
Resolution
Resolution
(stage 3)
(stage 3)
(stage 3)
Analysis of policy innovation for
smoke-free places

15. Insights into
Insights into
Insights into
Each Loop
Each Loop
Each Loop
Mobilization
Alliance Building
Social Acceptance
Institutionalization
4.

16. Mobilization
Mobilization
Mobilization
There are 2 classes of scientific
research mobilized in support of
the stories: evolving research
relevant to the issue and research
directed at understanding the
problem (once identified) and
developing and evaluating
solutions.
4.1

17. Alliance
Alliance
Alliance
Building
Building
Building
1.
Groups that become centrally involved in the issue reflect
how the issue has been framed and the nature of specific
solution sought.
4.2
2.
Interest groups can choose to support the goals of the
innovation or to oppose them.
3.
If the perceived impacts on the interests of specific parties
(e.g., restaurateurs) can be changed by arguments or evidence,
then the allegiance of those parties is likely to shift, changing
the balance of power.
4.
This strategy enabled the movement to extend smoking’s
denormalization without ever engaging the industry head-on.

18. Engagement
Engagement
Engagement
with the Public
with the Public
with the Public
It has to be justified
on a balance of
interests.
Or threaten to vote
against the
government.
Finally onus is on the
government.
Right to clean air Vs
Right to smoke
To show their
dissent, public can
join tobacoo-free
coalitions.
4.3

19. LOREM IPSUM
Lorem Ipsum
LOREM IPSUM
Lorem Ipsum
LOREM IPSUM
Lorem Ipsum
Lorem Ipsum
4.4
Institutionalization
Institutionalization
Institutionalization
Solution > Opposition Success ==
Institutionalization
Minimum disruption

20. Broader
Broader
Broader
Implications
Implications
Implications
Implications for other
complex public health
problems ex. Obesity &
Climate Change.
Effective solutions to
complex problems emerge
where collaboration
facilitates strong actor-
network development.
ANT is not a predictive tool,
but descriptive tool. It
facilitates understanding
of the reasons of success
or failure in different
contexts.
5
Medical-Industrial Complex

21. Sources
Sources
Sources
Actor-Network Theory/Network
Geographies, G.T. Jóhannesson, J.O.
Bærenholdt, in International
Encyclopedia of Human Geography,
2009
David Young, Ron Borland, Ken Coghill,
“An Actor-Network Theory Analysis of
Policy Innovation for Smoke-Free
Places: Understanding Change in
Complex Systems”, American Journal
of Public Health 100, no. 7 (July 1,
2010): pp. 1208-1217
N Engl J Med 1980; 303:963-970, DOI:
10.1056/NEJM198010233031703
Flessa, S., & Huebner, C. (2021).
Innovations in Health Care—A
Conceptual Framework. International
Journal of Environmental Research
and Public Health, 18(19).
https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph1819100
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