Jesus endured extreme agony and betrayal before being crucified. He was scourged, mocked, and forced to carry his cross. Crucifixion was used by Romans to humiliate and make examples of slaves and enemies. Nailed to the cross for hours, Jesus suffered physical torment and a painful death. Through his crucifixion, Jesus paid the price for humanity's sins and triumphed over evil spiritual powers.

1. THE CRUCIFIXION
The Lord’s Excruciating Pain on the Cross
"To bind a Roman citizen is a crime, to flog him is an abomination, to kill
him is almost an act of murder: to crucify him is -- What? There is no fitting
word that can possibly describe so horrible a deed.”
- Seneca the Younger
Stott, John R. (1986). The Cross of Christ. InterVarsity Press. p. 24. (citing Cicero, Against Verres
II.v.66, para. 170)

2. THE PAIN BEFORE THE CROSS
• The Lord’s extreme agony before the cross (In the Garden)
• Luke 22:41-44
• All his disciples forsook him and fled (When Betrayed)
• Matt. 26:56
• He is spit upon, slapped, and mocked before the Sanhedrin
• Matthew 26:67-68
• Barabbas is released. Jesus is scourged, clothed in purple, and given a
crown of thorns.
• Mark 15:16-20
• “For they say that the bystanders were struck with amazement when they
saw them lacerated with scourges even to the innermost veins and arteries, so
that the hidden inward parts of the body, both their bowels and their
members, were exposed to view” (Eusebius of Caesarea, Ecclesiastical History,
Book 4, chap. 15).
• Jesus is led to be crucified.

3. THE HISTORY
OF CRUCIFIXION
• What is the point of hanging
someone up for all to see?
• To humiliate or made an
example
• To be made a public spectacle
• Jesus was stripped naked
(Mark 15:24)
• Gal.3 13 Christ has redeemed us
from the curse of the law, having
become a curse for us (for it is
written, “Cursed is everyone who
hangs on a tree”)
• Deut. 21:22-23

4. THE HISTORY
OF CRUCIFIXION
• Perhaps, Carthage started
crucifixion during the days of
the Roman Republic
• The Romans adopted the
practice to kill the worst of the
worse.
• Slave rebels like
Spartacus’ followers
• Non-Romans that caused
trouble.
• The idea was to die like a
Carthaginian

5. TO CRUCIFY
• To impale
• To fasten to a plank
• "I see crosses there, not just
of one kind but made in many
different ways: some have
their victims with head down
to the ground…others stretch
out their arms on the gibbet.“
- Seneca the Younger
• Seneca, Dialogue "To Marcia on
Consolation", in Moral Essays,
6.20.3, trans. John W. Basore

6. TO CRUCIFY
• “as after they had fought, they
thought it too late to make any
supplications for mercy; so they
were first whipped, and then
tormented with all sorts of tortures,
before they died, and were then
crucified on the wall of the city. This
miserable procedure made Titus
greatly to pity them, while they
caught every day five hundred Jews;
nay, some days they caught more:
yet it did not appear to be safe for
him to let those that were taken by
force go their way, and to set a
guard over so many he saw would
be to make such as great deal them
useless to him. ”
• Flavius, Josephus. "Jewish War,
Book V Chapter 11". ccel.org.

7. THE LORD’S DEATH
• Jesus was on the cross for
at least 6 hours.
(Mark 15: 24-25)
• “It is finished!”
(John 19:28-30)
• Pilot commanded that
their legs be broken,
but Jesus was already
dead.
(John 19:31-37)
• A solider stabbed him
with a spear.
• Jesus was confirmed
to be dead.

8. THE CROSS
• This was the price of our sin.
• 1 John 4:10 – “He loved us and sent His Son to
be the propitiation for our sins.
• Rom. 3:25 – “Whom God set forth as a propitiation by His blood,
through faith, to demonstrate His righteousness. “
• While the powers believed they were making a spectacle of
Jesus, He was actually making a spectacle of them.
• Col. 2:15 15 Having disarmed principalities and powers, He made
a public spectacle of them, triumphing over them in it.
• By His stripes, we are healed.
• 1 Pet. 21-25