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From IoT to the Fog
Daniele Miorandi
U-Hopper srl
Once upon a time...
… in early 2011 ...
… a call on Internet-connected objects ...
… we started asking ourselves ...
“Why temperature readings from my
fridge need to go to a server in North
Carolina to be processed and then a
control command from North Carolina
server comes back to my fridge?”
This is just stupid
Many IoT services have data locality
properties (data is useful just in a
relatively small geographical
neighbourhood)
Basic idea: move (part of) the processing
closer to data sources
Benefits:
Scalability (less traffic)
Simplicity & Cost (sensor/actuators don’t
need full protocol stack)
Further:
Decouple smart object providers (‘IoT
layer’) from service providers (‘cloud
layer’)
→ Relevant business implications!
To develop an IoT service/app, you
should not need to be an IoT expert!
Need to introduce a middle tier!
Is it ‘cause we were smart?
NO
The ‘Fog’ as the natural evolution of IoT
With a lot of non-trivial implications
Technical
Business/Value Chain
What will the future of fog look like?
Nobody knows
“By the way, what happened to your
DIGIT proposal?”
1st on the reserve list :(
Yet, we managed to get something
relevant out of the work done..
This training material is part of the FogGuru project that has received funding from the European Union’s Horizon
2020 research and innovation programme under the Marie Skłodowska-Curie grant agreement No 765452. The
information and views set out in this material are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily reflect the official
opinion of the European Union. Neither the European Union institutions and bodies nor any person acting on
their behalf may be held responsible for the use which may be made of the information contained therein.

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From Iot to the Fog