Fog Computing with VORTEX

1. Fog Computing with VORTEX Angelo Corsaro, PhD Chief Technology Officer PrismTech OMG DDS Co-‐Chair OMG Architectural Board angelo.corsaro@prismtech.com

2. 50.1B-2020

3. Copyright PrismTech, 2014

4. Problem with Clouds?

5. Copyright PrismTech, 2014 Cloud Computing Limitations Connectivity to the Cloud is a pre-requisite of cloud computing. - Some IoT systems need to be able to work even when connection is temporarily unavailable or under degraded connection Cloud computing assumes that there is enough bandwidth to collect the data - That can become an overly strong assumptions for Industrial Internet of Things applications Cloud computing centralises the analytics thus defining the lower bound reaction time of the system - Some IoT applications won’t be able to wait for the data to get to the cloud, be analysed and for insights to get back [source: http://on.wsj.com/1saV1xU]

6. Copyright PrismTech, 2014 Not Always Connected Driver assistance applications can’t rely on a connection to the cloud to be always available Cloud computing is useful in offloading some computations, but other decisions that require short reaction time, or that have to be taken on a decentralised fashion can’t rely on the cloud

7. Copyright PrismTech, 2014 Not Always Enough Bandwidth For some Industrial Internet of Things applications it is just not realistic to stream all data to a cloud

8. Fog Computing

9. Copyright PrismTech, 2014 Why Fog? Whereas the cloud is "up there" in the sky somewhere, distant and remote and deliberately abstracted, the "fog" is close to the ground, right where things are getting done.

10. Copyright PrismTech, 2014 What is Fog Computing Fog computing is about computing on the edge In Fog computing devices communicate peer-to-peer to efficiently share/store data and take local decisions Fog Computing

11. Copyright PrismTech, 2014 Fog and Cloud Computing Fog and Cloud computing are synergistic, not exclusive IoT systems require both! Device-to-Device Communication Fog Computing Cloud Computing Fog Computing Cloud-to-Cloud Communication Fog Computing Device-to-Cloud Communication Device-to-Device Communication Fog-to-Cloud Communication

12. Fog & Cloud Computing with VORTEX

13. Copyright PrismTech, 2014 Introducing Vortex VORTEX is a ubiquitous data sharing platform for the Internet of Things providing scalable end-to-end seamless, efficient, secure and timely data sharing for IoT supporting device, edge, gateways and cloud VORTEX platform coverage, performance and scalability make it the only viable choice from consumer to demanding business critical, industrial, real time, IoT applications VORTEX simplifies IT/OT integration, and is the only platform that holistically addresses IT and OT requirements Enterprise Systems Application Platform Edge Management/ Telemetry Connectivity/ Transport Sensors/ Things/ Devices Ubiquitous Data Sharing peer-to-peer, device-to-cloud, cloud-to-cloud

14. Copyright PrismTech, 2014 The VORTEX Platform Specialised device implementations optimally addressing requirements of OT and IT platforms VORTEX can readily deal with data ingestion seamlessly integrating with other protocols, e.g. MQTT, CoAP, etc. VORTEX leverages the DDS standard for interoperability and uniquely extends it with support for Internet Scale systems, mobility and Web 2.0 applications Vortex Device Tools Integration MaaS Vortex Cloud

15. Copyright PrismTech, 2014 VORTEX Device All VORTEX Device implementation, i.e. OpenSplice, Café, Lite and Web are Fog ready VORTEX Device implementations feature efficient peer-to-peer communication VORTEX Device implementations are also cloud-enabled, in the sense that they can also communicate via VORTEX Cloud Vortex Device

16. Copyright PrismTech, 2014 VORTEX Architecture DTLS TLS VORTEX Web UDP TCP IP WebSocket DDSI Wire Protocol VORTEX Café VORTEX Cloud VORTEX Gateway VORTEX Lite VORTEX OpenSplice MQTT AMQP XMPP HTTP HBase DMBS TCP/IP, UDP/IP … VORTEX Café DDS API DDS Security

17. Copyright PrismTech, 2014 Cloud and Fog/Edge Computing VORTEX supports both the Cloud and the Fog Computing Paradigm VORTEX natively supports: - Device-to-Device Communication - Device-to-Cloud Communication Device-to-Device Communication Fog Computing Cloud Computing Fog Computing Cloud-to-Cloud Communication Fog Computing Device-to-Cloud Communication Device-to-Device Communication Fog-to-Cloud Communication

18. VORTEX Abstractions

19. Copyright PrismTech, 2014 Global Data Space VORTEX provides a Distributed Data Space abstraction where applications can autonomously and asynchronously read and write data Its built-in dynamic discovery isolates applications from network topology and connectivity details QoS QoS ... QoS QoS DDS Global Data Space Data Writer Data Writer Data Writer Data Reader Data Reader Data Reader Data Reader Data Writer TopicA TopicB TopicC TopicD

20. Copyright PrismTech, 2014 Topic A Topic defines a domain-wide information’s class A Topic is defined by means of a (name, type, qos) tuple, where • name: identifies the topic within the domain • type: is the programming language type associated with the topic. Types are extensible and evolvable • qos: is a collection of policies that express the non-functional properties of this topic, e.g. reliability, persistence, etc. QoS QoS QoS QoS Name QoS Topic Type ... TopicA TopicB TopicC TopicD

21. Copyright PrismTech, 2014 Support for fine grained access control Support for Symmetric and Asymmetric Authentication Standard Authentication, Access Control, Crypto, and Logging plug-in API Security Arthur Dent Arthur Dent Ford Prerfect Zaphod Beeblebrox Trillian Marvin A(r,w), B(r) A(r,w), B(r,w), X(r) *(r,w) A(r,w), B(r,w), C(r,w) *(r) Ford Prerfect Zaphod Beeblebrox Trillian Marvin A B A,B X * * A,B,C Identity Access Rights Sessions are authenticated and communication is encrypted Only the Topic included as part of the access rights are visible and accessible

22. Copyright PrismTech, 2014 DDS Entities Domain (e.g. Domain 123) Domain Participant Topic Publisher DataWrter Subscriber DataReader Partition (e.g. “Telemetry”, “Shapes”, ) T1 T1 T3 Topic Instances/Samples Ta Tb Tc Tx Ty DomainParticipant: Provides access to a data cloud -- called a domain in DDS Topic: Domain-wide definition of a kind of Information Publisher/Subscriber: Provide scope to data sharing through the concept of partitions DataReader/DataWriter: Allow to read/write data for a given topic in the partitions their Subscriber/Publisher are associated with.

23. Copyright PrismTech, 2014 Chatting in Scala import dds._ import dds.prelude._ import dds.config.DefaultEntities._ object Chatter { def main(args: Array[String]): Unit = { val topic = Topic[Post]("Post") val dw = DataWriter[Post](topic) dw.write(new Post(“kydos”,”Using VORTEX.. It's pretty cool!”)); } }

24. Copyright PrismTech, 2014 Chatting in Scala import dds._ import dds.prelude._ import dds.config.DefaultEntities._ object ChatLog { def main(args: Array[String]): Unit = { val topic = Topic[Post]("Post") val dr = DataReader[Post](topic) dr listen { case DataAvailable(_) => dr.read.foreach(println) } } }

25. Copyright PrismTech, 2014 Chatting in C++ #include <dds.hpp> int main(int, char**) { DomainParticipant dp(0); Topic<Post> topic(“Post”); Publisher pub(dp); DataWriter<Post> dw(dp, topic); dw.write(Post(“kydos”,”Using VORTEX.. It's pretty cool!”)); dw << Post(“kydos”,”Using operator << to post!”); return 0; }

26. Copyright PrismTech, 2014 Chatting in C++ #include <dds.hpp> int main(int, char**) { DomainParticipant dp(0); Topic<Post> topic(“Post”); Subscriber sub(dp); DataReader<Post> dr(dp, topic); LambdaDataReaderListener<DataReader<Post>> lst; lst.data_available = [](DataReader<Post>& dr) { auto samples = data.read(); std::for_each(samples.begin(), samples.end(), [](Sample<Post>& sample) { std::cout << sample.data() << std::endl; } } dr.listener(lst); return 0; }

27. Deployment Models

28. Copyright PrismTech, 2014 Fog + Cloud Fog Computing Fog Computing Fog Computing Device-to-Cloud Communication Peer-to-Peer (Brokerless) Device-to-Device Communication Device communicate peer-to- peer within a fog-domain and through Cloud across fog-domains Some device concurrently communicate with peers and the cloud

29. Copyright PrismTech, 2014 Fog + Cloud-Link + Cloud Device communicate peer-to- peer within a fog-domain A Cloud-Link controls which data is exchanged with the could Fog Computing Fog Computing Fog Computing Device-to-Cloud Communication Peer-to-Peer (Brokerless) Device-to-Device Communication Cloud-Link Cloud-Link

30. Copyright PrismTech, 2014 Federated Fog Fog Computing Fog Computing Fog Computing Peer-to-Peer (Brokerless) Device-to-Device Communication Cloud-Link Cloud-Link Fog domain are federated by Cloud-Link instances A Cloud-Link controls which data is exchanged with the could

31. Fog Computing Use Cases

32. Copyright PrismTech, 2014 Smart Vehicles Enabling Vehicle to Vehicle and Vehicle-to-Cloud communication to improve driver safety Vehicle-to-Vehicle communication used to prevent accident Vehicle-to-Cloud communication used to perform complex analysis on video

33. Copyright PrismTech, 2014 European Air Traffic Control Connected With Vortex The Single European Sky Initiative (SESAR) has adopted DDS as the pan-European ATM data sharing standard. Thus far, Italy and France have adopted Vortex. Flight Data Plans are shared in real-time across Europe using VORTEX. PENS: Pan European Network Service FDP: Flight Data Processor CWP: Controller Working Position PENS IPv6 network SSM support VORTEX is currently used by several nations within and across Air Traffic Control Centers. ITALY FDP FDP CWP TOWER DEVICE FDP FDP CWP TOWER DEVICE FRANCE FDP FDP CWP TOWER DEVICE ITALY GERMANY FDP FDP CWP TOWER DEVICE

34. Copyright PrismTech, 2014 City of Nice’s Connected Boulevard https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=neVyOTXB4eI http://bit.ly/connected-boulevard

35. Copyright PrismTech, 2014 Concluding Remarks VORTEX seamlessly support Fog and Cloud Computing Architectures VORTEX data sharing abstraction allows application to be completely abstracted from the connectivity details! Device-to-Device Communication Fog Computing Cloud Computing Fog Computing Cloud-to-Cloud Communication Fog Computing Device-to-Cloud Communication Device-to-Device Communication Fog-to-Cloud Communication

36. Copyright PrismTech, 2014