2. NTA NET EXAMABOUT NTA-NET EXAM
On behalf of University Grants Commission (UGC), the National Eligibility Test
(NET) is conducted for determining the eligibility for Assistant Professor only or
Junior Research Fellowship & Assistant Professor Both, in Indian Universities and
Colleges.
Till June 2018, the CBSE conducted the NET in 84 subjects at 91 selected Cities of
spread across the country. Since Dec 2018 onwards, the UGC- NET is being
conducted by the NTA.
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3. ABOUT NTA-NET EXAM
The award of JRF and or Eligibility for Assistant Professor depends on the
aggregate performance of the candidate in Paper-I and Paper-II of UGC-NET. The
candidates qualifying only for Assistant Professor are not to be considered for the
award of JRF.
UGC-NET is conducted twice a year. In December 2019, the examination is
scheduled between 02 December and 06 December 2019.
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10. MOCK TEST – NATIONAL TESTING AGENCY – For Practice NTA NET EXAM
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11. MOCK TEST – NATIONAL TESTING AGENCY – For Practice NTA NET EXAM
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12. National Testing Agency (NTA)
Procedure to be adopted for compilation of NTA scores for multi session Papers
(Normalization procedure based on PERCENTILE SCORE)
“Normalization procedure based on Percentile Score” will be used
for ensuring that candidates are neither benefitted nor
disadvantaged due to the difficulty level of the examination.
Percentile Scores: Percentile scores are scores based on the
relative performance of all those who appear for the examination.
Basically, the marks obtained are transformed into a scale ranging
from 100 to 0 for each session of examinees.
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13. National Testing Agency (NTA)
Procedure to be adopted for compilation of NTA scores for multi session Papers
(Normalization procedure based on PERCENTILE SCORE)
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14. UGC NET Paper-I Exam Pattern and Syllabus: General Paper on Teaching & Research
Aptitude
The main objective of Paper-I
1. To assess the teaching and research capabilities of the candidates.
2. To assess their awareness.
3. To assess the cognitive abilities.
• Cognitive abilities include comprehension, analysis, evaluation,
understanding the structure of arguments and deductive and
inductive reasoning.
4. To assess the general awareness and knowledge of sources of
information.
5. To assess the awareness of interaction between people, environment
and natural resources and their impact on quality of life.
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15. NTA UGC NET December 2019 Part-I Exam Pattern
Part
Sections (Objective Multiple Choice Questions)
Questions Marks
I Teaching Aptitude 5 10
II Research Aptitude 5 10
III Reading Comprehension 5 10
IV Communication 5 10
V Reasoning (including Maths) 5 10
VI Logical Reasoning 5 10
VII Data Interpretation 5 10
VIII Information & Communication Technology (ICT) 5 10
IX People & Environment 5 10
X
Higher Education System: Governance, Polity &
Administration
5 10
Total 50 100
UGC NET Paper-I Exam Pattern and Syllabus: General Paper on Teaching & Research
Aptitude
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16. Note:
•Each section gets equal weightage: 5 questions and 10
marks from each section, i.e., 2 marks for each correct
answer.
•There will be no negative marking in the exam.
•The exam duration will be 1 Hour.
UGC NET Paper-I Exam Pattern and Syllabus: General Paper on Teaching & Research
Aptitude
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17. UGC NET Paper-I Exam Pattern and Syllabus: General Paper on Teaching & Research
Aptitude
1. Teaching Aptitude
Teaching:
•Concept, Objectives, Levels of teaching (Memory, Understanding and Reflective),
Characteristics and basic requirements.
•Learner’s characteristics: Characteristics of adolescent and adult learners (Academic,
Social, Emotional and Cognitive), Individual differences.
•Factors affecting teaching related to: Teacher, Learner, Support material, Instructional
facilities, Learning environment and Institution.
•Methods of teaching in Institutions of higher learning: Teacher centered vs. Learner
centered methods; Off-line vs. On-line methods(Swayam, Swayamprabha, MOOCs etc.).
•Teaching Support System: Traditional, Modern and ICT based.
•Evaluation Systems: Elements and Types of evaluation, Evaluation in Choice Based
Credit System in Higher education, Computer based testing, Innovations in evaluation
systems.
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18. UGC NET Paper-I Exam Pattern and Syllabus: General Paper on Teaching & Research
Aptitude
2. Research Aptitude
• Research: Meaning, Types, and Characteristics, Positivism and Post
positivistic approach to research.
• Methods of Research: Experimental, Descriptive, Historical,
Qualitative and Quantitative methods.
• Steps of Research.
• Thesis and Article writing: Format and styles of referencing.
• Application of ICT in research.
• Research ethics.
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19. UGC NET Paper-I Exam Pattern and Syllabus: General Paper on Teaching & Research
Aptitude
3. Comprehension
A passage of text be given. Questions be asked from the passage to be answered.
4. Communication
•Communication: Meaning, types and characteristics of communication.
•Effective communication: Verbal and Non-verbal, Inter-Cultural and group
communications, Classroom communication.
•Barriers to effective communication.
•Mass-Media and Society.
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20. UGC NET Paper-I Exam Pattern and Syllabus: General Paper on Teaching & Research
Aptitude
5. Mathematical Reasoning and Aptitude
•Types of reasoning
•Number series
•Letter series
•Codes and Relationships
•Mathematical Aptitude (Fraction, Time & Distance, Ratio,
Proportion and Percentage, Profit and Loss, Interest and
Discounting, Averages etc.).
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21. UGC NET Paper-I Exam Pattern and Syllabus: General Paper on Teaching & Research
Aptitude
6. Logical Reasoning
•Understanding the structure of arguments: argument forms,
structure of categorical propositions, Mood and Figure, Formal
and Informal fallacies, Uses of language, Connotations and
denotations of terms, Classical square of opposition.
•Evaluating and distinguishing deductive and inductive reasoning.
•Analogies.
•Venn diagram: Simple and multiple use for establishing validity of
arguments.
•Indian Logic: Means of knowledge.
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22. UGC NET Paper-I Exam Pattern and Syllabus: General Paper on Teaching & Research
Aptitude
6. Logical Reasoning (Contd…)
•Pramanas: Pratyaksha (Perception), Anumana (Inference), Upamana
(Comparison), Shabda (Verbal testimony), Arthapatti (Implication) and
Anupalabddhi (Non-apprehension).
•Structure and kinds of Anumana (inference), Vyapti (invariable relation),
Hetvabhasas (fallacies of inference).
•Sources, acquisition and classification of Data.
•Quantitative and Qualitative Data.
•Graphical representation (Bar-chart, Histograms, Pie-chart, Table-chart and
Line-chart) and mapping of Data.
•Data Interpretation.
•Data and Governance.
7. Data Interpretation
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23. UGC NET Paper-I Exam Pattern and Syllabus: General Paper on Teaching & Research
Aptitude
8. Information and Communication Technology (ICT)
•ICT: General abbreviations and terminology.
•Basics of Internet, Intranet, E-mail, Audio and Video-conferencing.
•Digital initiatives in higher education.
•ICT and Governance.
9. People, Development and Environment
•Development and environment: Millennium development and Sustainable
development goals.
•Human and environment interaction: Anthropogenic activities and their
impacts on environment.
•Environmental issues: Local, Regional and Global; Air pollution, Water
pollution, Soil pollution, Noise pollution, Waste (solid, liquid, biomedical,
hazardous, electronic), Climate change and its Socio-Economic and Political
dimensions.
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24. UGC NET Paper-I Exam Pattern and Syllabus: General Paper on Teaching & Research
Aptitude
9. People, Development and Environment (Contd…)
•Impacts of pollutants on human health.
•Natural and energy resources: Solar, Wind, Soil, Hydro, Geothermal,
Biomass, Nuclear and Forests.
•Natural hazards and disasters: Mitigation strategies.
•Environmental Protection Act (1986), National Action Plan on Climate
Change, International agreements/efforts -Montreal Protocol, Rio Summit,
Convention on Biodiversity, Kyoto Protocol, Paris Agreement, International
Solar Alliance.
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25. UGC NET Paper-I Exam Pattern and Syllabus: General Paper on Teaching & Research
Aptitude
10. Higher Education System
•Institutions of higher learning and education in ancient India.
•Evolution of higher learning and research in Post Independence India.
•Oriental, Conventional and Non-conventional learning programmes in
India. Professional, Technical and Skill Based education.
•Value education and environmental education.
•Policies, Governance, and Administration.
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26. General Questions for PAPER - I
Which of the following set of statements best
describes the nature and objectives of teaching?
(a) Teaching and learning are integrally related.
(b) There is no difference between teaching and
training.
(c) Concern of all teaching is to ensure some kind of
transformation in students.
(d) All good teaching is formal in nature.
(e) A teacher is a senior person.
(f) Teaching is a social act whereas learning is a
personal act.
Code:
(1) (a), (b) and (d)
(2) (b), (c) and (e)
(3) (a), (c) and (f)
(4) (d), (e) and (f)
Answer: (3)
In the two sets given below Set –I indicates methods of teaching
while Set –II provides the basic requirements for
success/effectiveness. Match the two sets and indicate your answer
by choosing from the code:
Set – I (Method of teaching)Set – II Instructional procedure
(Basic requirements for success/effectiveness)
(a) Lecturing (i) Small step presentation with feedback
provided
(b) Discussion in groups (ii) Production of large number of
ideas
(c) Brainstorming (iii) Content delivery in a lucid language
(d) Programmed (iv) Use of teaching-aids
(v) Theme based interaction among participants
Code:
(a) (b) (c) (d)
(1) (i) (ii) (iii) (iv)
(2) (ii) (iii) (iv) (v)
(3) (iii) (v) (ii) (i)
(4) (iv) (ii) (i) (iii)
Answer: (3)
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27. UGC NET Paper-II Exam Pattern and Syllabus: 101 Subjects
In Paper-II UGC NET December 2019 Exam, there will be only Multiple Choice Questions (MCQs). Let’s have a
look at the exam pattern for Paper-II in detail:
NTA UGC NET December 2019 Part-II Exam Pattern
Paper-II
Type of Questions
No. of
Questions
Mark for 1
Question
Total
Marks
Selected
Subject
Objective Multiple Choice
Questions
100
2
200
•Paper –II will be of total 200 Marks.
•There will be no negative marking in the exam.
•All questions are compulsory.
•The total exam duration will be 2 Hours.
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28. UGC NET Paper-II Commerce – Syllabus for Preparation
NET Syllabus for Commerce Code: 08
Unit 1: Business Environment and International Business
Unit 2: Accounting and Auditing
Unit 3: Business Economics
Unit 4: Business Finance
Unit 5: Business Statistics and Research Methods
Unit 6: Business Management and Human Resource Management
Unit 7: Banking and Financial Institutions
Unit 8: Marketing Management
Unit 9: Legal Aspects of Business
Unit 10: Income-tax and Corporate Tax Planning
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29. UGC NET Paper-II Commerce – Syllabus for Preparation
NET Syllabus for Commerce Code: 08
Unit 1 – Business Environment and International Business
•Concepts and elements of business environment: Economic environment- Economic systems, Economic
policies(Monetary and fiscal policies); Political environment Role of government in business; Legal environment-
Consumer Protection Act, FEMA; Socio-cultural factors and their influence on business; Corporate Social Responsibility
(CSR)
•Scope and importance of international business; Globalization and its drivers; Modes of entry into international
business
•Theories of international trade; Government intervention in international trade; Tariff and non-tariff barriers; India’s
foreign trade policy
•Foreign direct investment (FDI) and Foreign portfolio investment (FPI); Types of FDI, Costs and benefits of FDI to home
and host countries; Trends in FDI; India’s FDI policy
•Balance of payments (BOP): Importance and components of BOP
•Regional Economic Integration: Levels of Regional Economic Integration; Trade creation and diversion effects; Regional
Trade Agreements: European Union (EU), ASEAN, SAARC, NAFTA
•International Economic institutions: IMF, World Bank, UNCTAD
•World Trade Organisation (WTO): Functions and objectives of WTO; Agriculture Agreement; GATS; TRIPS; TRIMS
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30. UGC NET Paper-II Commerce – Syllabus for Preparation
NET Syllabus for Commerce Code: 08
Unit 2 – Accounting and Auditing
•Basic accounting principles; concepts and postulates
•Partnership Accounts: Admission, Retirement, Death, Dissolution and Insolvency of partnership firms
•Corporate Accounting: Issue, forfeiture and reissue of shares; Liquidation of companies; Acquisition, merger,
amalgamation and reconstruction of companies
•Holding company accounts
•Cost and Management Accounting: Marginal costing and Break-even analysis; Standard costing; Budgetary control;
Process costing; Activity Based Costing (ABC); Costing for decision-making; Life cycle costing, Target costing, Kaizen
costing and JIT
•Financial Statements Analysis: Ratio analysis; Funds flow Analysis; Cash flow analysis
•Human Resources Accounting; Inflation Accounting; Environmental Accounting
•Indian Accounting Standards and IFRS
•Auditing: Independent financial audit; Vouching; Verification ad valuation of assets and liabilities; Audit of financial
statements and audit report; Cost audit
•Recent Trends in Auditing: Management audit; Energy audit; Environment audit; Systems audit; Safety audit
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31. UGC NET Paper-II Commerce – Syllabus for Preparation
NET Syllabus for Commerce Code: 08
Unit 3 – Business Economics
•Meaning and scope of business economics
•Objectives of business firms
•Demand analysis: Law of demand; Elasticity of demand and its measurement; Relationship between AR
and MR
•Consumer behavior: Utility analysis; Indifference curve analysis
•Law of Variable Proportions: Law of Returns to Scale
•Theory of cost: Short-run and long-run cost curves
•Price determination under different market forms: Perfect competition; Monopolistic competition;
Oligopoly- Price leadership model; Monopoly; Price discrimination
•Pricing strategies: Price skimming; Price penetration; Peak load pricing
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32. UGC NET Paper-II Commerce – Syllabus for Preparation
NET Syllabus for Commerce Code: 08
Unit 4 – Business Finance
•Scope and sources of finance; Lease financing
•Cost of capital and time value of money
•Capital structure
•Capital budgeting decisions: Conventional and scientific techniques of capital budgeting analysis
•Working capital management; Dividend decision: Theories and policies
•Risk and return analysis; Asset securitization
•International monetary system
•Foreign exchange market; Exchange rate risk and hedging techniques
•International financial markets and instruments: Euro currency; GDRs; ADRs
•International arbitrage; Multinational capital budgeting
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33. UGC NET Paper-II Commerce – Syllabus for Preparation
NET Syllabus for Commerce Code: 08
Unit 5– Business Statistics and Research Methods
•Measures of central tendency
•Measures of dispersion
•Measures of skewness
•Correlation and regression of two variables
•Probability: Approaches to probability; Bayes’ theorem
•Probability distributions: Binomial, poisson and normal distributions
•Research: Concept and types; Research designs
•Data: Collection and classification of data
•Sampling and estimation: Concepts; Methods of sampling - probability and nonprobability methods;
Sampling distribution; Central limit theorem; Standard error; Statistical estimation
•Hypothesis testing: z-test; t-test; ANOVA; Chi–square test; Mann-Whitney test (Utest); Kruskal-Wallis test
(H-test); Rank correlation test
•Report writing
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34. UGC NET Paper-II Commerce – Syllabus for Preparation
NET Syllabus for Commerce Code: 08
Unit 6– Business Management and Human Resource Management
•Principles and functions of management
•Organization structure: Formal and informal organizations; Span of control
•Responsibility and authority: Delegation of authority and decentralization
•Motivation and leadership: Concept and theories
•Corporate governance and business ethics
•Human resource management: Concept, role and functions of HRM; Human resource planning;
Recruitment and selection; Training and development; Succession planning
•Compensation management: Job evaluation; Incentives and fringe benefits
•Performance appraisal including 360 degree performance appraisal
•Collective bargaining and workers’ participation in management
•Personality: Perception; Attitudes; Emotions; Group dynamics; Power and politics; Conflict and negotiation;
Stress management
•Organizational Culture: Organizational development and organizational change
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35. UGC NET Paper-II Commerce – Syllabus for Preparation
NET Syllabus for Commerce Code: 08
Unit 7– Banking and Financial Institutions
•Overview of Indian financial system
•Types of banks: Commercial banks; Regional Rural Banks (RRBs); Foreign banks; Cooperative banks
•Reserve Bank of India: Functions; Role and monetary policy management
•Banking sector reforms in India: Basel norms; Risk management; NPA management
•Financial markets: Money market; Capital market; Government securities market
•Financial Institutions: Development Finance Institutions (DFIs); Non-Banking Financial Companies (NBFCs);
Mutual Funds; Pension Funds
•Financial Regulators in India
•Financial sector reforms including financial inclusion
•Digitization of banking and other financial services: Internet banking; mobile banking; Digital payments
systems
•Insurance: Types of insurance- Life and Non-life insurance; Risk classification and management; Factors
limiting the insurability of risk; Re-insurance; Regulatory framework of insurance- IRDA and its role
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36. UGC NET Paper-II Commerce – Syllabus for Preparation
NET Syllabus for Commerce Code: 08
Unit 8– Marketing Management
•Marketing: Concept and approaches; Marketing channels; Marketing mix; Strategic marketing planning;
Market segmentation, targeting and positioning
•Product decisions: Concept; Product line; Product mix decisions; Product life cycle; New product
development
•Pricing decisions: Factors affecting price determination; Pricing policies and strategies; Promotion
decisions: Role of promotion in marketing; Promotion methods - Advertising; Personal selling; Publicity;
Sales promotion tools and techniques; Promotion mix
•Distribution decisions: Channels of distribution; Channel management; Consumer Behaviour; Consumer
buying process; factors influencing consumer buying decisions
•Service marketing
•Trends in marketing: Social marketing; Online marketing; Green marketing; Direct marketing; Rural
marketing; CRM
•Logistics management
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37. UGC NET Paper-II Commerce – Syllabus for Preparation
NET Syllabus for Commerce Code: 08
Unit 9– Legal Aspects of Business
•Indian Contract Act, 1872: Elements of a valid contract; Capacity of parties; Free consent;
Discharge of a contract; Breach of contract and remedies against breach; Quasi contracts;
•Special contracts: Contracts of indemnity and guarantee; contracts of bailment and
pledge; Contracts of agency
•Sale of Goods Act, 1930: Sale and agreement to sell; Doctrine of Caveat Emptor; Rights of
unpaid seller and rights of buyer
•Negotiable Instruments Act, 1881: Types of negotiable instruments; Negotiation and
assignment; Dishonour and discharge of negotiable instruments
•The Companies Act, 2013: Nature and kinds of companies; Company formation;
Management, meetings and winding up of a joint stock company
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38. UGC NET Paper-II Commerce – Syllabus for Preparation
NET Syllabus for Commerce Code: 08
Unit 9– Legal Aspects of Business (Contd…)
•Limited Liability Partnership: Structure and procedure of formation of LLP in India
•The Competition Act, 2002: Objectives and main provisions
•The Information Technology Act, 2000: Objectives and main provisions; Cyber crimes and
penalties
•The RTI Act, 2005: Objectives and main provisions
•Intellectual Property Rights (IPRs) : Patents, trademarks and copyrights; Emerging issues
in intellectual property
•Goods and Services Tax (GST): Objectives and main provisions; Benefits of GST;
Implementation mechanism; Working of dual GST
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39. UGC NET Paper-II Commerce – Syllabus for Preparation
NET Syllabus for Commerce Code: 08
Unit 10– Income-tax and Corporate Tax Planning
•Income-tax: Basic concepts; Residential status and tax incidence; Exempted incomes;
Agricultural income; Computation of taxable income under various heads; Deductions
from Gross total income; Assessment of Individuals; Clubbing of incomes
•International Taxation: Double taxation and its avoidance mechanism; Transfer pricing
•Corporate Tax Planning: Concepts and significance of corporate tax planning; Tax
avoidance versus tax evasion; Techniques of corporate tax planning;
•Tax considerations in specific business situations: Make or buy decisions; Own or lease
an asset; Retain; Renewal or replacement of asset; Shut down or continue operations
• Deduction and collection of tax at source; Advance payment of tax; E-filing of income-tax
returns
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40. 10 TIPS TO CLEAR NET EXAM
1. Attend Coaching Classes or NET / SET Orientation Programs
2. The Methodology of Your Study
3. Categorize Your Work and Activities
4. Conduct test by yourself
5. Sacrifice Your Regular Life
6. Take care of your health
7. For Accounting/Income tax, learn the reasons
8. Time duration of your study
9. Google Multiple Choice Based Questions
10. Trust in yourself
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41. 1. Attend Coaching Classes or NET / SET Orientation Programs
1. You will get an idea of preparation
2. You can get study materials
3. You can get previous year question
papers
4. You can try out the model tests
5. If possible, try to find out some free
NET Coaching Classes or NET/SET
Orientation programmes.
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42. 1. Attend Coaching Classes or NET / SET Orientation Programs
6. You will get to know their
experiences.
7. You will get motivated.
8. You will be always at the target to
achieve
9. You will regularly prepare for it.
10. You will get help from your peer
group.
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43. 2. THE METHODOLOGY OF YOUR STUDY
1. You must have continuous efforts
2. Every day you have to study sincerely.
3. More time you spend, more understanding you will have about the subject.
4. Understanding the concepts is very important
5. Knowledge is power and it is a pleasure.
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“What We Learn with Pleasure
We Never Forget”
-Alfred Mercier
44. 2. THE METHODOLOGY OF YOUR STUDY
6. Smart work is necessary.
7. First of all, you have to know the syllabus.
8. You have to collect materials for the syllabus, either buy books for the each subject or
download materials for each subject.
9. Do not try to buy the question and answer patterned books.
10. Do not refer Q&A booklets. Their answers are not correct always.
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45. 2. THE METHODOLOGY OF YOUR STUDY
11. Refer only the books published by the best authors.
12. Have a book/updated material for each subject.
13. You have to take notes whatever you have to memorize.
14. You have to understand the concepts which you need not memorize but assimilate.
15. When you study anything, you should study with the aim of gaining the holistic
knowledge.
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46. 2. THE METHODOLOGY OF YOUR STUDY
16. When you are studying something, your mind should ask why, why not, what at the
beginning, what at present, who, how, how many, where, and what are the kinds,
advantages, disadvantages, what is the origin, meaning etc.
17. You should teach your mind everything as a story or give your mind a complete
form/picture about each and every concept. Do not confuse your mind rather teach
your mind with patience and love as a mother teaches her child
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47. 3. CATEGORIZE YOUR WORK AND ACTIVITIES
1. Categorize or group the
The events,
Dates,
Year of legislations,
Name of the authors,
Books, and
The pioneers of various concepts or schools
In a chronological order or in a logical manner.
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48. 4. CONDUCT TEST BY YOURSELF
1. Try to conduct a test by yourself with the previous
question papers with the timing fixed.
2. Check your answers and time you have taken for
test.
3. To become acquainted with the Computer Based
Test, you can take up the mock test.
4. You can register in NTA website or app to try a
model test in any test centre.
5. Try to conduct as many as tests possible so that it
may help you to face the actual test easily.
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49. 5. SACRIFICE YOUR REGULAR LIFE
• Sacrifice all your programmes or plans
until you achieve the target.
• A long hour of study with due
concentration and deeper thinking and
interest is highly expected.
• Keep under control the usage of mobile,
TV and other habits.
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50. 6. TAKE CARE OF YOUR HEALTH
1. Take good rest
2. Do not involve in any arguments with
anybody.
3. Do not fight or quarrel with anybody.
4. Daily do some physical exercise
5. Daily do some meditation
6. Take good diet. Do not take oily food or fast
food or junk food.
7. Sit straight and study
8. Do not lose your concentration
9. 100% concentration is expected when you
study.
10. Always refer the dictionary or Google if you
do not understand some terms or concepts
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51. 7. THE TIME DURATION OF YOUR STUDY
1. You need 6 months of time to
continuously prepare and succeed in
the NET/SET.
2. Allocation of time: Daily 4 hours and
during the weekend the whole day
with some necessary breaks.
3. Before the exam, 40 days – non-stop
preparation with some necessary
breaks
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52. 8. For Accounting/Income tax, learn the reasons
1. First of all, understand the
accounting concepts.
2. Know the income tax rules
3. Know in detail about the Pan
card, Aadhar card, Passport, etc
4. Know all the Prime Minister’s and
government’s schemes.
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53. 9. GOOGLE MULTIPLE CHOICE BASED QUESTIONS
1. After reading all the materials, Google all the topics until the concepts are
updated.
2. Keep your categorized notebook and note down the latest information.
3. Go to different websites until you understand the particular concept.
4. Go for the study of power point slides.
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“Googling is nothing but Brainstorming”
54. 9. GOOGLE MULTIPLE CHOICE BASED QUESTIONS NTA NET EXAM
54
One of the most powerful factors affecting teaching
effectiveness is related to the
(1) Social system of the country
(2) Economic status of the society
(3) Prevailing political system
(4) Educational system
Answer: 4
The performance of a student is compared with another
student in which type of testing?
(1) Criterion referenced testing
(2) Diagnostic testing
(3) Summative testing
(4) Norm-referenced testing
Answer: (4)
From the list given below identify those which are called Non-
probability sampling procedures’:
(i) Simple random sampling
(ii) Dimensional sampling
(iii) Snowball sampling
(iv) Cluster sampling
(v) Quota sampling
(vi) Stratified sampling
Choose the correct option
(1) (i), (ii) and (Iii)
(2) (ii), (iv) and (V)
(3) (i), (iii) and 6V)
(4) (ii). (iii) and (V)
Answer: (4)
55. 10. TRUST YOURSELF
1. Above all, trust in yourself.
2. Never listen to the negative comments.
3. Be positive.
4. Speak to yourself confidently
5. Finally, You can win.
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