This document discusses consciousness and attention from several perspectives including history, philosophy, neuroscience, and psychology. It addresses what consciousness and attention are, how they relate, theories about them from thinkers like William James, the neural systems involved like the prefrontal cortex and different attentional systems, how attention functions, and disorders related to attention pathology. The document aims to provide an overview of key topics in the fields of consciousness studies, attention, and neuroscience.

1. ‫در‬ ‫شده‬ ‫ارائه‬:
‫شناسی‬ ‫عصب‬ ،‫توجه‬ ،‫آگاهی‬ ‫تخصصی‬ ‫کارگاه‬
‫توانبخشی‬ ‫و‬
‫پاییز‬96

2. HISTORY OF CONSCIOUSNESS
• WHAT IS CONSCIOUSNESS?
• BUDDHISM
• METAPHYSICAL VIEW
• CHRISTIANITY
• RENÉ DESCARTES

3. External ……… Stimulations
Internal
Emotional
valueIs attention the same as consciousness?

4. WILLIAM JAMES

5. WHAT IS ATTENTION
EVERYONE KNOWS WHAT
ATTENTION IS. IT IS THE TAKING
POSSESSION OF THE MIND, IN CLEAR
AND VIVID FORM, OF ONE OUT OF
WHAT SEEM SEVERAL
SIMULTANEOUS POSSIBLE OBJECTS
OR TRAINS OF THOUGHT.
FOCALIZATION, CONCENTRATION OF
CONSCIOUSNESS ARE OF ITS
ESSENCE. IT IMPLIES WITHDRAWAL
FROM SOME THINGS IN ORDER TO
DEAL EFFECTIVELY WITH OTHERS,
AND IS A CONDITION WHICH HAS A
REAL OPPOSITE IN THE CONFUSED,
DAZED, SCATTERBRAIN STATE….
– WILLIAM JAMES (1890)
- LIMITED RESOURCES -ACCURACY AND
SPEED

6. ATTENTION
PERCEPTION
• Perceptual Integration
• Perceptual Comparison
• Attention role

7. Transparent perception
intensive
Commentaries on Living
Automatization
Door of refrigerator

8. • EXECUTIVE FUNCTIONS• planning
• goal directed behaviors
• Abstract thinking
• Language
• Wisdom
• Science and knowledge

9. Different
Nu … Ru

10. • CONSCIOUSNESS HAS A FRAGILE QUALITY
• DRUGS
• TRAUMA
• FATIGUE
• DISEASE
Criminalbehaviors

11. • PFC ………… EXECUTIVE FUNCTION
• PREFRONTAL CORTEX S/T ORIENTATION
BREAKING NEWS
Angular gyrus
AAS

12. DO NONHUMAN ORGANISMS
HAVE CONSCIOUSNESS?

14. NEURAL NETWORK MODULATION
A common approach to understanding neuronal
processing is to reduce complexity by defining
subunits and infer their functional role by selectively
modulating them.
• Effortless work
• Energy saving
Developmental periods

15. BRAIN DEVELOPMENT
Gene ….. Environment
• Pathologic states
• Exceptional States

16. ATTENTIONAL SYSTEMS
• Posterior system• Anterior system
• PC
• Thalamus
• Sup.
caliculus

17. RIGHT HEMISPHERE

18. • SELECTIVE OR FOCUSED ATTENTION:
VIGILANCE IN MONITORING INFORMATION
• DIVIDED ATTENTION: ABILITY TO
RESPOND TO MORE THAN ONE TASK
SIMULTANEOUSLY
• SUSTAINED ATTENTION: ABILITY TO
MAINTAIN ATTENTION AND RESPOND
CONSISTENTLY DURING A REPETITIVE OR
CONTINUOUS ACTIVITY
• ALTERNATING ATTENTION/MENTAL

20. PATHOLOGY OF ATTENTION

21. Pathogenesis
Disinhibition

22. NEUROSCIENCES OF ATTENTION
Anatomical and Physiological
base of Arousal
Brain stem
Thalamus
Neuronal Systems

24. SEROTONERGIC SYSTEM

25. CHOLINERGIC SYSTEM

26. DOPAMINERGIC SYSTEM

27. ‫تخصصی‬ ‫کارگاه‬
‫و‬ ‫شناسی‬ ‫عصب‬ ،‫توجه‬ ،‫آگاهی‬
‫توانبخشی‬
‫سپاسگزاریم‬
www.farvardin-group.com
@farvardin_group_channel
@neuroscience4family
@farvardin_group96