After attending 6 years of medical school at a university, Italian doctors must complete a 5-year residency to specialize in a field like neurosurgery. Science, including chemistry, biology, and anatomy, forms the basis of medicine. Chemistry describes the molecular processes in our bodies, biology studies life processes like blood groups, and anatomy teaches doctors where organs are located.
This document contains an evaluation form for a project on natural hazards and sustainability. It asks students and teachers about what they gained from participating, including knowledge of climate change impacts, resource efficiency, and environmental protection. It inquires about increased awareness of these issues and whether they should be included in school curricula. Students and teachers are asked about effective dissemination methods and satisfaction with project activities and outcomes. Suggestions are also solicited for modifying and sustaining the project.
After attending 6 years of medical school at a university, Italian doctors must complete a 5-year residency to specialize in a field like neurosurgery. Science, including chemistry, biology, and anatomy, forms the basis of medicine. Chemistry describes the molecular processes in our bodies, biology studies life processes like blood groups, and anatomy teaches doctors where organs are located.
This document contains an evaluation form for a project on natural hazards and sustainability. It asks students and teachers about what they gained from participating, including knowledge of climate change impacts, resource efficiency, and environmental protection. It inquires about increased awareness of these issues and whether they should be included in school curricula. Students and teachers are asked about effective dissemination methods and satisfaction with project activities and outcomes. Suggestions are also solicited for modifying and sustaining the project.
The document discusses the negative effects of oil pollution on marine biodiversity and proposes a student-led initiative to raise awareness and funds to help restore ecosystems and protect endangered sea species. The plan involves students visiting aquariums and marine parks to learn about the issue and cooperating with local organizations. The project aims to unite students globally to educate youth on maritime biodiversity.
The document discusses creating a school garden to support declining bee populations. It notes that bees are essential for pollination but face threats from urbanization, farming, and pesticides. The proposed garden would plant bee-friendly flowers and herbs in the spring, summer and fall. It would provide an educational resource for students and the community about protecting bees and could offer students credits for garden maintenance. The project seeks sponsors and hopes the garden can be placed at the school or on its roof.
This document discusses the issue of plastic pollution in oceans and potential solutions using nanocellulose. It notes that the Mediterranean Sea contains 1.25 million plastic fragments per square kilometer and plastic ingestion threatens wildlife. A new startup is highlighted that uses nanocellulose, obtained from plant matter, to create cutlery, bowls and other products as an alternative to plastic. Nanocellulose is described as a lightweight, non-toxic and highly absorbent material that can be produced cost-effectively from cellulose, the most abundant polymer on Earth.
1. The document proposes a plan to reduce plastic waste from schools by collecting recyclable plastic, sending it to a recycling company to make fibers, and using those fibers to make branded merchandise and clothing for the schools.
2. The targets of the plan are high schools and students. Stakeholders include a recycling company and clothing company.
3. A timeline is proposed to gradually expand the program from one school to multiple schools in the Lombardy region of Italy over 5-10 years, with the goal of establishing a non-profit company to manage recycling and production.
1) The document proposes a solution to reduce paper usage in schools by creating a shared digital network where textbooks and other materials can be accessed, reducing costs.
2) Setting up a centralized network and recycling program could save schools $30,000-$50,000 per year while also reducing their environmental impact.
3) The network would be free for students to access and schools could provide devices to students in need, ensuring equal access to educational resources.
Mountain and hydrogeological issues italy(1)FRANCA SORMANI
The document discusses environmental issues affecting mountains in Italy, including glacier melting, permafrost thawing, hydrogeological problems, and biodiversity loss. It notes that between 2007 and 2012, 5% of Italian glaciers melted away and that all glaciers in the country are expected to disappear this century. The document also examines hydrogeological issues and includes orthophotos showing the melting of some Lombardy glaciers between 2007 and 2015.
Portugal has a diverse climate with summer temperatures reaching 40°C and winter temperatures dropping to -5°C. In late 2019 and early 2020, storms Elsa and Fabien caused immense damage, including two deaths and hundreds displaced due to flooding of the Mondego River. Some rivers overflowed their banks and turned brown from clay runoff from surrounding hills. Portugal had over 40,000 acres burned in 2019 wildfires, more than the previous year, with a devastating forest fire in 2017 in Pedrógão Grande.
The document discusses how climate change is causing sea levels to rise globally. It notes that the ocean absorbs over 90% of the excess heat from the atmosphere due to greenhouse gas emissions. This thermal expansion combined with melting land ice causes sea levels to rise. Satellite data like from the Jason-3 mission shows that global sea levels have increased over 2 inches in the past few decades and continue rising at a rate of 1/8 inch per year. If emissions are not reduced, sea level rise could flood coastal cities and displace hundreds of millions of people by 2100.
Coastal erosion is a serious problem for Italy, with approximately 42% of Italy's low-lying and delta coastlines already experiencing erosion. The highest erosion rates are occurring along Italy's major river deltas such as the Arno, Obrone, Volturno, and Po Rivers, where retreat rates can reach 10 meters per year. Multiple factors are contributing to Italy's coastal erosion, including sea level rise, land subsidence, and decreasing river sediment loads.
The document summarizes different types of extreme weather events that occur in Italy, including hurricanes, tornadoes, waterspouts, cloudbursts, heatwaves, droughts, severe storms, and floods. It provides statistics on hurricanes and waterspouts in Italy, describes the causes and impacts of these phenomena, and gives some examples of extreme weather events that have impacted Italy in recent years, such as heatwaves in 2019, drought conditions in 2017-2018, and storms and flooding in Venice. The document also discusses how climate change is exacerbating some of these extreme weather risks in Italy in the future.
The document provides guidance for organizing a 24-hour hackathon at an alpine ski house. It outlines procedures for dividing participants into teams, assigning mentors, and establishing a timing structure. Guidelines are provided for forming teams and a jury, and a co-creation methodology is described involving problem identification, developing a vision, designing a solution, and integrating the project.
The LTTA in Portugal from November 4-8, 2019 involved students, teachers, and various activities. Students found the experience educational and enjoyed interacting with other participants. Teachers felt the organization and activities were well-planned and helped strengthen relationships between partners. Each day consisted of activities like presentations, debates, lessons, and cultural excursions focused on the project's climate change theme.
Climate change is having several effects in Italy, including melting glaciers and permafrost, biodiversity loss, more frequent heat waves and floods, and rising sea levels. Over the past century, the total area covered by glaciers in northern Italy has decreased significantly from 579 square kilometers in 1970 to just 370 square kilometers currently. Heat waves have also caused many deaths in Europe, including over 70,000 deaths during a 2003 heat wave. Rising sea levels threaten cities like Venice, putting them at greater risk of destructive flooding if action is not taken to address climate change.
This document contains a final evaluation survey for students and teachers regarding a project on natural hazards and sustainability. The survey asks about the participants' involvement in project activities and lessons, what they gained from participating, and the effectiveness of different activities and dissemination methods. Teachers are asked similar questions about their students' engagement and satisfaction, the impact on teaching practices, and suggestions for improving future project activities and objectives.
Students from several countries participated in an Erasmus+ meeting in Desio, Italy from April 9-12, 2019. Students enjoyed traveling to Italy and learning about local history and the environment through activities like a trip to the mountains and Como Lake. Teachers found that the organization of contacts with partner schools prior to the meeting went well and appreciated the working groups and presentations on topics like sustainable schools and international cooperation.
Nepal is a beautiful country with stunning natural scenery and friendly people. During my recent trip, I hiked in the Himalayas and visited several historic temples and palaces in Kathmandu. The highlights were trekking through villages in the mountains and interacting with locals who welcomed visitors into their homes and communities.
This document summarizes activities related to natural and induced disasters such as earthquakes, volcanoes, floods, landslides, and climate change. It discusses monitoring Earth from space through missions like SAFE and from ocean floors. Experiments are conducted on topics like cyclones, ocean currents, glacial melting, biodiversity, and invasive species. The document also addresses issues like waste, including food waste which accounts for 24% of global food production, and its environmental and economic impacts. Earth monitoring is designed to improve understanding of interactions between the atmosphere, biosphere, hydrosphere, and Earth's interior using cutting-edge space technologies.
The document summarizes student and teacher evaluations of an Erasmus+ exchange program in Gaziantep, Turkey from October 24-29, 2018. Students enjoyed traveling abroad, staying with host families, socializing with other students, and would recommend the experience. Teachers felt the organization, activities, and schedule were well arranged and the meetings were helpful. Overall, both students and teachers enjoyed participating in the exchange.
This document summarizes several effects of global warming seen in Italy, including melting glaciers and permafrost, increasing heat waves, rising sea levels, coastal erosion, more frequent floods, and cyclones in the Mediterranean region. Glacial melting is caused by global warming and less albedo and can lead to flooding, landslides, and loss of hydroelectric power. Permafrost melting releases greenhouse gases and causes rockfalls. Analysis shows heat waves in Italy are becoming more intense, frequent, and longer due to global warming. Rising sea levels flood lands and cause coastal erosion, threatening beaches. Floods and mountain cloudbursts also cause more destruction.
The document discusses several impacts of climate change including melting glaciers and permafrost, increasing heat waves in Italy, rising sea levels, coastal erosion, floods, and cloudbursts. Melting glaciers and permafrost occur due to global warming and release greenhouse gases which further exacerbates climate change. Analysis shows that heat waves in Italy are increasing in intensity, frequency, and duration due to shifts in atmospheric pressure patterns. Rising sea levels flood lands and coastlines as ice melts and sea water expands. Coastal erosion, floods, and sudden heavy rainfall during cloudbursts destroy property and landscapes. Projects study these effects to improve preparedness and mitigation.
The document discusses the negative effects of oil pollution on marine biodiversity and proposes a student-led initiative to raise awareness and funds to help restore ecosystems and protect endangered sea species. The plan involves students visiting aquariums and marine parks to learn about the issue and cooperating with local organizations. The project aims to unite students globally to educate youth on maritime biodiversity.
The document discusses creating a school garden to support declining bee populations. It notes that bees are essential for pollination but face threats from urbanization, farming, and pesticides. The proposed garden would plant bee-friendly flowers and herbs in the spring, summer and fall. It would provide an educational resource for students and the community about protecting bees and could offer students credits for garden maintenance. The project seeks sponsors and hopes the garden can be placed at the school or on its roof.
This document discusses the issue of plastic pollution in oceans and potential solutions using nanocellulose. It notes that the Mediterranean Sea contains 1.25 million plastic fragments per square kilometer and plastic ingestion threatens wildlife. A new startup is highlighted that uses nanocellulose, obtained from plant matter, to create cutlery, bowls and other products as an alternative to plastic. Nanocellulose is described as a lightweight, non-toxic and highly absorbent material that can be produced cost-effectively from cellulose, the most abundant polymer on Earth.
1. The document proposes a plan to reduce plastic waste from schools by collecting recyclable plastic, sending it to a recycling company to make fibers, and using those fibers to make branded merchandise and clothing for the schools.
2. The targets of the plan are high schools and students. Stakeholders include a recycling company and clothing company.
3. A timeline is proposed to gradually expand the program from one school to multiple schools in the Lombardy region of Italy over 5-10 years, with the goal of establishing a non-profit company to manage recycling and production.
1) The document proposes a solution to reduce paper usage in schools by creating a shared digital network where textbooks and other materials can be accessed, reducing costs.
2) Setting up a centralized network and recycling program could save schools $30,000-$50,000 per year while also reducing their environmental impact.
3) The network would be free for students to access and schools could provide devices to students in need, ensuring equal access to educational resources.
Mountain and hydrogeological issues italy(1)FRANCA SORMANI
The document discusses environmental issues affecting mountains in Italy, including glacier melting, permafrost thawing, hydrogeological problems, and biodiversity loss. It notes that between 2007 and 2012, 5% of Italian glaciers melted away and that all glaciers in the country are expected to disappear this century. The document also examines hydrogeological issues and includes orthophotos showing the melting of some Lombardy glaciers between 2007 and 2015.
Portugal has a diverse climate with summer temperatures reaching 40°C and winter temperatures dropping to -5°C. In late 2019 and early 2020, storms Elsa and Fabien caused immense damage, including two deaths and hundreds displaced due to flooding of the Mondego River. Some rivers overflowed their banks and turned brown from clay runoff from surrounding hills. Portugal had over 40,000 acres burned in 2019 wildfires, more than the previous year, with a devastating forest fire in 2017 in Pedrógão Grande.
The document discusses how climate change is causing sea levels to rise globally. It notes that the ocean absorbs over 90% of the excess heat from the atmosphere due to greenhouse gas emissions. This thermal expansion combined with melting land ice causes sea levels to rise. Satellite data like from the Jason-3 mission shows that global sea levels have increased over 2 inches in the past few decades and continue rising at a rate of 1/8 inch per year. If emissions are not reduced, sea level rise could flood coastal cities and displace hundreds of millions of people by 2100.
Coastal erosion is a serious problem for Italy, with approximately 42% of Italy's low-lying and delta coastlines already experiencing erosion. The highest erosion rates are occurring along Italy's major river deltas such as the Arno, Obrone, Volturno, and Po Rivers, where retreat rates can reach 10 meters per year. Multiple factors are contributing to Italy's coastal erosion, including sea level rise, land subsidence, and decreasing river sediment loads.
The document summarizes different types of extreme weather events that occur in Italy, including hurricanes, tornadoes, waterspouts, cloudbursts, heatwaves, droughts, severe storms, and floods. It provides statistics on hurricanes and waterspouts in Italy, describes the causes and impacts of these phenomena, and gives some examples of extreme weather events that have impacted Italy in recent years, such as heatwaves in 2019, drought conditions in 2017-2018, and storms and flooding in Venice. The document also discusses how climate change is exacerbating some of these extreme weather risks in Italy in the future.
The document provides guidance for organizing a 24-hour hackathon at an alpine ski house. It outlines procedures for dividing participants into teams, assigning mentors, and establishing a timing structure. Guidelines are provided for forming teams and a jury, and a co-creation methodology is described involving problem identification, developing a vision, designing a solution, and integrating the project.
The LTTA in Portugal from November 4-8, 2019 involved students, teachers, and various activities. Students found the experience educational and enjoyed interacting with other participants. Teachers felt the organization and activities were well-planned and helped strengthen relationships between partners. Each day consisted of activities like presentations, debates, lessons, and cultural excursions focused on the project's climate change theme.
Climate change is having several effects in Italy, including melting glaciers and permafrost, biodiversity loss, more frequent heat waves and floods, and rising sea levels. Over the past century, the total area covered by glaciers in northern Italy has decreased significantly from 579 square kilometers in 1970 to just 370 square kilometers currently. Heat waves have also caused many deaths in Europe, including over 70,000 deaths during a 2003 heat wave. Rising sea levels threaten cities like Venice, putting them at greater risk of destructive flooding if action is not taken to address climate change.
This document contains a final evaluation survey for students and teachers regarding a project on natural hazards and sustainability. The survey asks about the participants' involvement in project activities and lessons, what they gained from participating, and the effectiveness of different activities and dissemination methods. Teachers are asked similar questions about their students' engagement and satisfaction, the impact on teaching practices, and suggestions for improving future project activities and objectives.
Students from several countries participated in an Erasmus+ meeting in Desio, Italy from April 9-12, 2019. Students enjoyed traveling to Italy and learning about local history and the environment through activities like a trip to the mountains and Como Lake. Teachers found that the organization of contacts with partner schools prior to the meeting went well and appreciated the working groups and presentations on topics like sustainable schools and international cooperation.
Nepal is a beautiful country with stunning natural scenery and friendly people. During my recent trip, I hiked in the Himalayas and visited several historic temples and palaces in Kathmandu. The highlights were trekking through villages in the mountains and interacting with locals who welcomed visitors into their homes and communities.
This document summarizes activities related to natural and induced disasters such as earthquakes, volcanoes, floods, landslides, and climate change. It discusses monitoring Earth from space through missions like SAFE and from ocean floors. Experiments are conducted on topics like cyclones, ocean currents, glacial melting, biodiversity, and invasive species. The document also addresses issues like waste, including food waste which accounts for 24% of global food production, and its environmental and economic impacts. Earth monitoring is designed to improve understanding of interactions between the atmosphere, biosphere, hydrosphere, and Earth's interior using cutting-edge space technologies.
The document summarizes student and teacher evaluations of an Erasmus+ exchange program in Gaziantep, Turkey from October 24-29, 2018. Students enjoyed traveling abroad, staying with host families, socializing with other students, and would recommend the experience. Teachers felt the organization, activities, and schedule were well arranged and the meetings were helpful. Overall, both students and teachers enjoyed participating in the exchange.
This document summarizes several effects of global warming seen in Italy, including melting glaciers and permafrost, increasing heat waves, rising sea levels, coastal erosion, more frequent floods, and cyclones in the Mediterranean region. Glacial melting is caused by global warming and less albedo and can lead to flooding, landslides, and loss of hydroelectric power. Permafrost melting releases greenhouse gases and causes rockfalls. Analysis shows heat waves in Italy are becoming more intense, frequent, and longer due to global warming. Rising sea levels flood lands and cause coastal erosion, threatening beaches. Floods and mountain cloudbursts also cause more destruction.
The document discusses several impacts of climate change including melting glaciers and permafrost, increasing heat waves in Italy, rising sea levels, coastal erosion, floods, and cloudbursts. Melting glaciers and permafrost occur due to global warming and release greenhouse gases which further exacerbates climate change. Analysis shows that heat waves in Italy are increasing in intensity, frequency, and duration due to shifts in atmospheric pressure patterns. Rising sea levels flood lands and coastlines as ice melts and sea water expands. Coastal erosion, floods, and sudden heavy rainfall during cloudbursts destroy property and landscapes. Projects study these effects to improve preparedness and mitigation.
2. ESPERIMENTO: LA VALLE
MATERIALI
• una piccola scatola trasparente di plastica o di vetro;
• una tavoletta della misura del lato della scatola;
• sabbia asciutta;
• farina, o un'altra polvere con un colore diverso da quello della sabbia;
• un blocco per mantenere la tavoletta
verticale (facoltativo);
• un cucchiaio per aggiungere la sabbia e
la polvere nella scatola.
3. SVOLGIMENTO
● Disporre la tavoletta in modo verticale a circa metà della scatola e mettendoci
dietro un piccolo blocco o chiedendo a qualcuno di mantenerla in quella
posizione;
• Disporre gli strati dei tipi sabbia asciutta e/o farina con colori contrastanti a
strati alterni solo da un lato della tavoletta fin quasi alla sommità della scatola;
• Spostare di lato, lentamente, la tavoletta, tenendola verticalmente rispetto alla
base del contenitore; fotografare e osservare attentamente tutto il procedimento.
4. CONCLUSIONI
Dall’esperimento fatto si è notato che:
• Si sono verificate alcune frane di granelli di sabbia vicino alla tavoletta mentre
si spostava la tavoletta;
• Si è verificata una chiara rottura ad alcuni centimetri di distanza dalla
tavoletta, dove gli strati di sabbia di un lato sono scivolati in basso rispetto al
resto degli strati della scatola;
• Gli strati di sabbia sono deformati particella per particella e analogamente
nella roccia le deformazioni avvengono molecola per molecola.
5. NELLA REALTÀ
La FAGLIA è una frattura della roccia causata dalla divisione di due masse rocciose
● faglie dirette o normali: una faglia si dice diretta quando il tetto scende rispetto
al tetto. masse di rocce sono trascinate lateralmente e le rocce di un lato scivolano per
gravità verso il basso. Pressioni che agiscono su grande scala nella litosfera sono causate
dai movimenti della tettonica a placche.
Solitamente tali faglie presentano
un piano avente inclinazione elevata.
7. ● faglie trascorrenti: una faglia si dice trascorrente se il piano è verticale o
obliquo con spostamento orizzontale relativo delle masse rocciose. Tali faglie
sono distinte in destre o sinistre. Un esempio di questo tipo di faglia è la
famosissima fagli di Sant'Andrea.
9. ESPERIMENTO: LA MONTAGNA
MATERIALI
• una piccola scatola trasparente di plastica o di vetro;
• una tavoletta della misura del lato della scatola;
• sabbia asciutta;
• farina, o un'altra polvere con un colore diverso da quello della sabbia;
• un cucchiaio per aggiungere la sabbia
e la polvere nella scatola.
10. SVOLGIMENTO
• Disporre diversi strati di sabbia asciutta e/o farina in un contenitore trasparente
con una tavola appoggiata su un lato in modo verticale; la scatola non va
riempita per più di metà.
• Facendo molta attenzione, spingere la tavola attraverso la scatola, così da
iniziare a comprimere gli strati di sabbia e farina, fermandosi ogni tanto per
osservare e fotografare i risultati.
• Continuare a spingere finché la sabbia non sta per uscire dal contenitore e
fotografare i risultati.
• Tracciare delle frecce sulle foto per mostrare la direzione delle forze che hanno
agito durante la compressione.
11. CONCLUSIONI
Muovendo la tavoletta si genera attrito che provoca le pieghe e il sollevamento
contro la forza di gravita; così le forze agiscono sulle rocce e ne provocano la
deformazione.
L'esperimento simula la formazione dell'Himalaya, la catena montuosa più alta
del mondo, che si formò quando la placca indiana entrò in collisione con quella
asiatica. Ciò spiega come possano essere stati ritrovati ammoniti fossili sulle vette
dell'Himalaya.
12. ROCK FOLDED AND FAULTED
When forces are applied to rocks they can be bended or snapped .
In the crust the rock is hot but not enough to melt. So the rock in this state becomes
“bendy„ and can be folded before it breaks.
Large scale pressure acting within the lithosphere are caused by plate tectonic
movements.
Where plates are converging the compressional stress produce near horizontal thrust
faulting.
Where plates are diverging, the tensional stress produces steeper faults called
normal faults.