OBJECTIVES: As you go through this chapter, you will able to: • Define the properties of waves. • Classify the types and characteristics of waves.

2. LESSON 1: WAVES
PROPERTIES

3. WAVES
 a propagation of disturbance trough a medium in
which energy is transferred.
 A periodic disturbance in a medium that carries
energy from one point to another.
 There are two types of waves: the transverse waves
and longitudinal waves.

4.  Waves are created by
energy passing through
water, causing it to move in
a circular motion.
 A pulse wave is a simple
disturbance, while a wave
train is a series of
disturbance created in a
medium.
 Energy propagation by
means of motion of a
change in medium rather
than the medium itself is
called wave motion.

5. Types of waves
Waves can be classified according to the
direction of their oscillation. The two main
type of waves are transverse wave and
longitudinal waves.

6. 6
Types of waves

7. Transverse waves
 Is a wave in which the oscillation is perpendicular to the
direction the waves travels.

8. Longitudinal waves
 Is a wave in which the oscillation is along the direction the wave travel.
 The section of longitudinal wave where the particles are crowded together is
called compression, while the section where the particles are less crowded is
called rarefaction.

9. Anatomy of
waves
Wave pulse
Periodic
waves
Crest and
Trough
Amplitude
Wavelength
Frequency
Period and
Speed

10. THE ANATOMY OF WAVES
Wave pulse – is a single ripple or disturbance in the medium.
Periodic waves –the disturbance occur at a regular rate, the
ripples follow a regular interval.
Crest or peaks – the highest points in the wave
Trough – the lowest points in the waves
Amplitude (a) – is the height of the crest or the depth of the
trough

11. Wavelength ( ) – the measure of the horizontal
distance between two successive crest or two
successive trough.
Frequency ( f ) – number of the crest or trough that
pass through a point every second.
Period ( T ) time taken to generate one complete
wave.
Speed(v) – distance of wave in one second.

13. LESSON 2: CAN YOU HEAR IT?

14. SOUND
 Sounds is a form of energy that is produced when air molecules vibrate and
move in pattern known as waves or sound waves.
 Sound can travel in solid, liquid and gas. Everyday experiences heighten your
understanding of sound.
 Sounds are longitudinal waves produced by vibrating bodies. Most sound
come to us through the air. The air acts as a transmitting medium. As form of
mechanical waves, sounds waves travel through air, resulting I the human
perception of hearing. When sound travels through air, molecules of air are
disturbed by the changes in the density and pressure of the air along the
direction of the wave motion.
This pressure variation that is transmitted through matter called sound wave.

16. Production and Perception of Sound
• Pitch a sound describes its highness and lowness
• Loudness of a sound is described by the amplitude of the sound
wave that reaches your eardrum.
• Audible sounds is within a range of sensitivity of the human ear.
It can be generated by your own voice, a loudspeaker, or a
musical instrument.
• Echo when a sound wave bounces off a surface and its reflected
back to your ears an echo is made.

17. LESSON 3: LET THERE
BE LIGHT

18. • English physic and
mathematician
• December 25, 1642
– March 20, 1727
18

19. Ray Model of Light
 Isaac Newton, who is
popular for his laws of
motion, advocated that
light is made up of a
stream of tiny particles.
 He prove this by conducting
experiment using two prisms.
When white light pass
through the first prisms, a
spectrum of colors appeared.
When the second prisms was
placed but in a inverted
position, the spectrum began
to go back to white light.
19

20. Dutch mathematician,
astronomer, and physicist,
who founded the wave
theory of light, discovered
the true shape of the
rings of Saturn, and made
original contributions to the
science of dynamics.
20

21. Properties of light
Reflection
Refraction
Diffraction

22. Reflection
- The ability of
light to bounce
back

23. Refraction
- The ability of
light to bend

24. Diffraction
- The ability of
light to spread
out as it passes
through an
opening

25. Sources of Light and their Transmission
A transparent medium allows the light pass
through.
Likewise, media that transmit light but do not
permit objects to be seen clearly through them
are translucent

26. • Unlike mechanical waves that are require a
medium to transfer energy, electromagnetic waves
are capable of traveling through a vacuum.
• Electromagnetic waves have an enormous range of
frequencies which is known as electromagnetic
spectrum.
Electromagnetic waves

28. THANK YOU!!, GOOD
LUCK!! AND GOD
BLESS YOU!!!