This document provides an overview of DNA sequencing methods, including Sanger sequencing and next generation sequencing (NGS). It discusses the key events in sequencing, such as the first human genome project, and summarizes some common NGS platforms like Illumina, 454, and Ion Torrent. The document also gives brief explanations of different sequencing techniques like pyrosequencing and sequencing by synthesis used in NGS and compares characteristics of popular sequencing machines like read length, run time, reads per run, and cost.

1. SEQUENCI
NG
1

2. WHAT?
SEQUENCING
2

3. WHY?
SEQUENCING
3

4. FIRST HUMAN
GENOME
SEQUENCINGHuman Genome
Project
13 YEARS
4

5. SANG
ER
SEQU
ENCI
NG
DEVE
LOPE
D
IN
1900
GOL
DEN
STAN
DAR
D
ROUTI
NE
SEQUE
NCING
APPLIC
ATION
S
USES:
NGS
DATA
VALIDA
TION
5

6. HOW?
SANGER SEQUENCING
6

7. DNA POLYMERASE
PRIMER
NUCLEOTIDES
DI-DEOXYNUCLEOTIDES
7

8. CAPILLARY TUBE
ELECTROPHORESIS
8

9. 9

10. NEXT GENERATION SEQUENCING
Illumina MySeq
Illumina HiSeq 454 Sequencer
SOLiD System
ION Proton
10

11. DNA SEQUENCING METHODS
‣PYROSEQUENCING
‣SEQUENCING BY SYNTHESIS
‣ION SEMICONDUCTOR SEQUENCIN
11

12. ION SEMICONDUCTER SEQUENC
HOW?
12

13. 13

14. PYROSEQUENCING
HOW?
14

15. SEQUENCING BY SYNTHESIS
HOW?
15

16. 16

17. COMPARISON NGS
SEQUENCING
MACHINESION TORRENT ILLUMINA 454
READ LENGTH
TIME PER RUN
READS PER RUN
COST
Per 1 Million bp
200bp 50-250bp 700bp
2hrs 1-10 days 24hrs
5 millions
$1
3 billion
$0.05-$0.15
1millions
$10
17