Environmental Control Technology

1. Under the Guidance of Ms. Nishanthini S.
Dilip Ketiwalla
M.Tech HSE (III)
SAP id- 500021447
R080212017

2. Roadmap

 Background
 Objectives & Scope
 Methodology
 Results & Discussion
 Conclusion

3. Background

 Greenhouse gases allow heat from the sun to penetrate the earth's
atmosphere but do not allow it to escape back into outer space.
 If current trends continue, the World will emit 56.8 billion tons of CO2 by
2030, a 16% increase over 2006
 After a survey in April, 2009 statistics stated that the CO2 emissions will
be tripled in India by 2031.

4. 1200
CO2 Emissions (MMT)
Carbon Dioxide Emissions from the consumption of
the following Fossils
1000
(2000-2011) in MMTPA
800
600

Petroleum
Coal
Natural Gas
400
200
0

5. India’s Current Temperature Profile

30.40
30.20
30.00
29.80
29.60
29.40
29.20
Temperature ( Degree C)
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011

6. Temperature Difference over the years
w.r.t CO2 Emission

450
400
350
300
250
200
150
100
50
0
Annual Temperature
30.29
30.06
29.84
29.72
29.64
29.23
28.96
29.05
30.12
29.82 29.81
29.92
Annual Temperature
1959 1987 1992 1997 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013

7. Identified the best
suitable bacteria for
culture development
Aero-tolerant
Thermophilic
Culture
Factors on which
selection of bacteria is
based:
- Survival in O2
deficient & CO2
rich atmosphere
- Resistance to
Moderate High
Temperatures
- Mutualistic
behavior with other
species of bacteria
Pure Culture
to be obtained
Survival in
Anaerobic
conditions
Data Log
Readings from
the industry on
Stack Emissions
Evaluate the
absorption
capacity of
Bacteria
YES

8. Apparatus
Material
Properties:
-Heat Resistant
-Durable and
doesn’t react
with the flue
gases
-Cost Effective
- PUF
(Poly Urethane
Foam)
Further Studies:
-Resilience Limit
-Amount of Bacteria
required
-The no. of days the
culture will survive
or be useful
- Disposal method
Design

9. Results and the Procedure

 Cultures: Quite a few human pathogens are strict anaerobes, exemplified
by the bacillus-shaped genera---Gram –ve are Bacteroides, Bacillus
(anthracis), and Gram +ve Clostridium (tetani, botulinum).
 Thioglycollate broth: has a reducing agent in it---the chemical
thioglycollate---which binds any
free oxygen within the medium.
 GasPak jar: whether it has oxygen
inside or not, an indicator strip,
containing methylene, is included in the
jar. Methylene blue is blue when
oxidized, colorless when reduced.
The carbon within the pouch reacts
with free oxygen in the jar,
producing 10-15% CO2.

10. Conclusion

 Requires EXTREME CAUTION!! And Expertise
 At present, This method hasn’t been tried while there are two common
methods for algae based carbon sequestration: open ponds and closed
photo bioreactors. Open ponds are simple expanses of water recessed
into the ground with some mechanism to deliver CO2 and nutrients with
paddle wheels to circulate the algae broth.
 The method behind bio-fixation is Capturing the CO2 and NOx from
power plant smoke stacks and feeding the CO2 to the system carrying the
culture where up to 50% of harmful emissions from the smoke stack will
be devoured.
 This can be one of the BACT

11. 
 Carbon Dioxide Emission in 2013 reached a record of 400 ppm

12. References

 (n.d.). Retrieved September 23, 2013, from United States Environment
Protection Agency,US EPA: www.epa.gov/climatechange/ghge
emissions
 Soil Microbes may reduce carbon dioxide emissions in warmer world. (26, April
2010). Retrieved September 21, 2013, from Science20:
www.science20.com/news_articles
 Bor Yann Chen, S.-Q.-L. (2008). Reduction of Carbon Dioxide eissions by
using microbial fuell cells during waste water treatment. Aerosol and Air
Quality Research.
 David, J. (2000). Economic Evaluation of Leading Technology options for
sequestration of Carbon Dioxide. MIT.
 Facts/India/Carbon Dioxide Emisisons. (n.d.). Retrieved September
21, 2013, from Index Mundi: www.indexmundi.com

13. Any Questions?

Thank You