1. UOP PHL 320 Final Exam Guide (New, 2017) NEW
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1. An automobile company decides to do its bit for
the environment by introducing new models of
electric cars. The company’s long-term goal is to
eventually stop manufacturing gasoline cars and
focus on manufacturing electric cars. The
managers of the company reached this decision
after critically evaluating the effects of car fluids
and car emissions on the environment. They
promise to do everything within their power to
reduce the company’s carbon footprint. Which of
the following approaches does this scenario
illustrate?
The defensive approach
The obstructionist approach
The egoistic approach
The accommodative approach
2. 2. Which of the following takes place in the final
stage of the decision-making process?
Ranking the various alternatives in order of
practicality
Examining why any expectations for a decision
were not met
Giving middle managers sufficient resources to
achieve a goal
Making minor decisions related to the chosen
alternative
3. Which of the following is the first step in the
decision-making process?
Generating alternatives for a decision
Realizing the need for a decision
Assessing alternatives
Seeking feedback
4. Which of the following terms refers to an
approximate assessment of the credibility of a
claim?
Hypothetical imperative
Initial plausibility
3. Background information
Categorical imperative
5. Which of the following is a practice that would
help foster creativity in an organization?
Withholding feedback, regardless of whether it is
constructive or unconstructive
Rewarding employees who come up with
innovative ideas
Holding on to unproductive ideas instead of
eliminating them
Avoiding the use of contests to encourage
employees for fear of promoting unhealthy
competition
6. A cosmetics company has manufactured a new
range of skin care products. The top management
wants to create a common tagline for the entire
range of products and therefore decides to get the
managers of the company involved in the decision-
making process. It conducts a number of sessions
in which the managers are asked to work together
and think of innovative taglines for the products
and share their ideas with the rest of the group.
Group members are specifically asked to be open
to all ideas, however offbeat they may be. The
4. members of the group are then asked to pick a
tagline after debating the pros and cons of the
most popular ideas. This scenario illustrates
__________.
The nominal group technique
The Delphi technique
Brainstorming
Delayering
7. The top management of a cereal manufacturing
company wants to change the packaging of their
products and appeal to attract a younger age
group. Since the company is located in three cities,
the top management wants the managers from
each city to weigh in and give their suggestions for
improvement. A group leader is first picked, and
the problem to be solved is written down. After
this, a questionnaire is e-mailed to all the
participating managers. The managers are asked
to list down solutions to the problem and e-mail
the questionnaire back to the group leader. This
scenario illustrates the first few steps of __________.
the nominal group technique
the Delphi technique
brainstorming
production blocking
5. 8. __________ are often considered to be the most
critical stakeholder group.
Managers
Employees
Customers
Suppliers
9. Which of the following rules of ethical decision
making focuses on providing the greatest good for
the greatest number of people?
The justice rule
The golden rule
The utilitarian rule
The moral rights rule
10. __________ is a written approach to creative
problem solving and decision making.
The nominal group technique
Brainstorming
The Delphi technique
Groupthink
6. 11. In which of the following approaches to social
responsibility do managers often put their own
interests first and cause other stakeholders to be
harmed yet manage to stay within the law and
abide by legal requirements?
The accommodative approach
The obstructionist approach
The proactive approach
The defensive approach
12. When would an argument be considered valid?
When it is impossible for the premise to be true
and the conclusion to be false
When the premise of the argument is
unquestionably true
When the argument is sound
When it is impossible for the conclusion to appear
after the premise
13. Which of the following is the final step in the
decision-making process?
Learning from feedback
Generating alternatives
7. Recognizing the need for a decision
Implementing the selected alternative
14. Which of the following is true of a good
inductive argument?
The lesser the support the premise provides for
the conclusion, the stronger is the argument.
The premise of a good inductive argument
demonstrates its conclusion.
The greater the support the premise provides for
the conclusion, the weaker is the argument.
The premise of a good inductive argument
supports its conclusion.
15. Which of the following is a question to be asked
when one is presented with a claim?
When does the claim become a true statement?
When does the content of the claim pose a
credibility problem?
Does the claim speak about one particular subject?
What is likely to happen if the claim is examined in
detail?
16. Which of the following practices should be
avoided by managers who aim to foster creativity
in their organizations?
8. Giving employees the opportunity to experiment
with radical ideas
Allowing employees to make mistakes and learn
from them
Attempting to speed up a creative solution to a
problem
Encouraging creative employees to take risks
17. Which of the following statements is an
example of a subjective claim?
There is life after death.
Mozart is the greatest musical composer to have
lived.
The earth is round.
Aliens exist in other galaxies in the universe.
18. The management of a small-scale cosmetics
company wants to increase awareness of their
brand and its products in the market. They decide
to choose between two alternatives: either launch
a new advertising campaign on social media or
offer promotional discounts in select stores. They
conduct research on which of these two
alternatives would be the most viable for the
company. They compare the potential costs and
9. potential benefits of each alternative. In this
scenario, which of the following criteria is being
evaluated by the management of the company?
Legality
Ethicalness
Innovative capacity
Economic feasibility
19. Identify the unstated premise in the following
argument: John is indifferent and has a laid-back
approach to work. John should be fired.
Employees who strictly follow their company’s
work policy will never be fired.
John should be fired because he is violating
company policy.
John is not only indifferent but also has a laid-back
approach to work.
Anyone who is indifferent and has a laid-back
approach to work must be fired.
20. The two factors that are used to assess the
credibility of claims are claims themselves and
their__________.
Sources
10. Soundness
Validity
Premises
21. Which of the following serves as the most
reliable source of information about the world in
general?
The background information one possesses
One’s own observations
Things that one learns from others
One’s personal interests
22. __________ refers to a decision maker’s ability to
discover unique and original ideas that lead to
viable courses of action.
Problem formulation
Creativity
Problem identification
Strategy
23. Which of the following occurs as a result of
group members’ being unable to simultaneously
understand all the alternatives that are generated
in a brainstorming session?
11. Groupthink
Production blocking
Feedback control
Delayering
24. The term __________ refers to the inner guiding
moral values, beliefs, and principles used by a
person to examine a situation and govern his or
her behavior.
Bias
Ethics
Autonomy
Authority
25. Which of the following statements is an
example of an objective claim?
The sun sets in the west.
A dog is man’s best friend.
Shakespeare was a better poet than Milton.
Summers in California are very warm.
26. When a firm exhibits the highest degree of
social responsibility, it has most likely adopted
__________.
12. The proactive approach
The accommodative approach
The defensive approach
The obstructionist approach
27. Creativity is most likely to result when:
Managers constantly monitor talented employees.
Employees are given the freedom and opportunity
to take risks.
Employees are prevented from making mistakes.
Managers try to speed up the process of working
on a creative solution.
28. Identify the unstated conclusion in the
following argument: The most hardworking
employee in the company will receive the
Employee of the Year award. Doug has been
working exceptionally hard all year round.
Doug has not yet received an award from the
company.
Doug is the most hardworking employee in the
company.
Doug will win the Employee of the Year award.
Hardworking employees win the Employee of the
13. Year award.
29. Identify the conclusion in the following
argument: Mark always leaves his phone at home
when he goes to the gym. He has not been
answering any calls in the past hour, so he is at the
gym.
Mark leaves his phone at home when he goes to
the gym.
Mark has not been answering calls.
Mark does not answer calls when he is at the gym.
Mark is at the gym.
30. A(n) __________ presents a consideration for the
acceptance of a claim.
Argument
Opinion
Issue
Fact
