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HORROR
RESEARCH INTO HORROR
To help enhance and further my knowledge and
understanding into horror genres I researched into the
different sub genres that were commonly used to make a
horror movie. By researching into this will also help to
make my film more specific to a certain sub genre if I
chose to base my film around horror.
ACTION HORROR
A sub-genre combining the intrusion of an evil force, event or personage
of horror movies with the gunfights and frenetic chases of the action
genre. Themes or elements often prevalent in typical action horror films
include gore, demons, vicious animals, vampires and most commonly
used zombies. This category can sometimes be linked into the fantasy
genre with examples that include:
Aliens, Predator, Hansel and Gretel, witch hunters, priest and feast.
COMEDY HORROR
Combines the elements of comedy and horror fiction. The comedy horror
genre almost always inevitably crosses over with the black comedy genre.
The short story ‘The Legend Of Sleepy Hollow’ by Washington Irving is
cited as “the first great comedy-horror story” examples of comedy horror
genres include:
Jenifer's body, Teeth, Nina Forever, Slither, Army of Darkness and Idle
Hands.
BODY HORROR
In which the horror is principally derived from the graphic destruction or
degeneration of the body. Other types of body horror include unnatural
movements, or the anatomically incorrect placements of limbs to create
‘monsters’ out of human body parts. David Cronenberg is one of the
notable directors of that genre. Body horror films include:
Starry eyes, velodrome, Dead Ringers, The thing, the fly, American Mary.
HOLIDAY HORROR
Involves a psychopathic killer stalking a sequence of victims in a violent
manner during Christmas. The murders are often committed by someone
dressed as Santa Claus, a snowman or an elf, an elf, or other Christmas
characters, Examples include:
Silent night, Deadly night, Jack Frost, The gingerbread man, Black
Christmas, Krampus and All through the house.
HORROR GENRE
A film that focuses on imperilled characters dealing with realistic
emotional struggles, often involving dysfunctional family relations, in a
horror setting. The films horror elements often serve as a backdrop to an
unravelling dramatic plot.
Examples include- Dark water, lights out, the babadook, let the right one
in, antichrist, excision thirteen ghosts, mirrors and audition.
PSYCHOLOGICAL HORROR
Relies on the characters fears, guilt, beliefs, eerie sound effects, relevant
music, emotional instability and at times the supernatural and ghosts and
to build tension, scare and further the plot. Notable psychological horror
films include: repulsion, rosemary's baby, the shining, may, I know who
killed me, the changeling and the uninvited.
Often revolves around subjects that include but are not limited to killer
aliens, mad scientists, and experiments gone wrong.
Examples of this include:
Species, the blob, the thing, mimic, alien, Apollo 18, resident evil.
SCIENCE FICTION HORROR
Often revolves around a serial killer who systematically
murders people through violent means. Examples include:
Texas chainsaw, massacre, Halloween, Friday the 13th, black
Christmas, a nightmare on elm street, your next and scream.
SLASHER FILM
These films deliberately focus on graphic portrayals of gore and graphic violence.
Through the use of special effects and excessive blood and guts they tend to
display an overt interest in the vulnerability of the human body and the
theatricality of its mutilation. Not all splatter films are slashers, and not all
splatter films are horrors.
Examples of splatter horror films include:
Train, the human centipede, hostel, saw, blood, feast storm warning, maniac.
SPLATTER FILM
Gothic horror is a type of story that contains elements of goth and horror.
At times it may have romance that unfolds in the setting of a horror tale,
usually suspenseful. Some of the earliest horror movies were of this
subgenre. Examples include: Dracula, Sleepy Hollow, The Others, The
Phantom of the Opera, Kill, Baby, Kill, Nosferatu and Crimson Peak.
GOTHIC HORROR
A subgenre of horror films "featuring nature running amok in the form of
mutated beasts, carnivorous insects, and normally harmless animals or
plants turned into cold-blooded killers." This genre may sometimes
overlap with the science fiction and action and adventure genres.
Examples include: Piranha 3D, Bats, Lake Placid, Rogue, Alligator, Eaten
Alive, Eight Legged Freaks and Jaws.
NATURAL HORROR
Zombie films feature creatures who are usually portrayed as either
reanimated corpses or mindless human beings. Distinct subgenres have
evolved, such as the "zombie comedy" or the "zombie apocalypse".
Examples include: Dawn of the Dead, REC, 28 Days Later, Dead girl, Dead
Snow, Night of the Creeps and Messiah of Evil.
ZOMBIE HORROR

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Sub genres

  • 2. RESEARCH INTO HORROR To help enhance and further my knowledge and understanding into horror genres I researched into the different sub genres that were commonly used to make a horror movie. By researching into this will also help to make my film more specific to a certain sub genre if I chose to base my film around horror.
  • 3. ACTION HORROR A sub-genre combining the intrusion of an evil force, event or personage of horror movies with the gunfights and frenetic chases of the action genre. Themes or elements often prevalent in typical action horror films include gore, demons, vicious animals, vampires and most commonly used zombies. This category can sometimes be linked into the fantasy genre with examples that include: Aliens, Predator, Hansel and Gretel, witch hunters, priest and feast.
  • 4. COMEDY HORROR Combines the elements of comedy and horror fiction. The comedy horror genre almost always inevitably crosses over with the black comedy genre. The short story ‘The Legend Of Sleepy Hollow’ by Washington Irving is cited as “the first great comedy-horror story” examples of comedy horror genres include: Jenifer's body, Teeth, Nina Forever, Slither, Army of Darkness and Idle Hands.
  • 5. BODY HORROR In which the horror is principally derived from the graphic destruction or degeneration of the body. Other types of body horror include unnatural movements, or the anatomically incorrect placements of limbs to create ‘monsters’ out of human body parts. David Cronenberg is one of the notable directors of that genre. Body horror films include: Starry eyes, velodrome, Dead Ringers, The thing, the fly, American Mary.
  • 6. HOLIDAY HORROR Involves a psychopathic killer stalking a sequence of victims in a violent manner during Christmas. The murders are often committed by someone dressed as Santa Claus, a snowman or an elf, an elf, or other Christmas characters, Examples include: Silent night, Deadly night, Jack Frost, The gingerbread man, Black Christmas, Krampus and All through the house.
  • 7. HORROR GENRE A film that focuses on imperilled characters dealing with realistic emotional struggles, often involving dysfunctional family relations, in a horror setting. The films horror elements often serve as a backdrop to an unravelling dramatic plot. Examples include- Dark water, lights out, the babadook, let the right one in, antichrist, excision thirteen ghosts, mirrors and audition.
  • 8. PSYCHOLOGICAL HORROR Relies on the characters fears, guilt, beliefs, eerie sound effects, relevant music, emotional instability and at times the supernatural and ghosts and to build tension, scare and further the plot. Notable psychological horror films include: repulsion, rosemary's baby, the shining, may, I know who killed me, the changeling and the uninvited.
  • 9. Often revolves around subjects that include but are not limited to killer aliens, mad scientists, and experiments gone wrong. Examples of this include: Species, the blob, the thing, mimic, alien, Apollo 18, resident evil. SCIENCE FICTION HORROR
  • 10. Often revolves around a serial killer who systematically murders people through violent means. Examples include: Texas chainsaw, massacre, Halloween, Friday the 13th, black Christmas, a nightmare on elm street, your next and scream. SLASHER FILM
  • 11. These films deliberately focus on graphic portrayals of gore and graphic violence. Through the use of special effects and excessive blood and guts they tend to display an overt interest in the vulnerability of the human body and the theatricality of its mutilation. Not all splatter films are slashers, and not all splatter films are horrors. Examples of splatter horror films include: Train, the human centipede, hostel, saw, blood, feast storm warning, maniac. SPLATTER FILM
  • 12. Gothic horror is a type of story that contains elements of goth and horror. At times it may have romance that unfolds in the setting of a horror tale, usually suspenseful. Some of the earliest horror movies were of this subgenre. Examples include: Dracula, Sleepy Hollow, The Others, The Phantom of the Opera, Kill, Baby, Kill, Nosferatu and Crimson Peak. GOTHIC HORROR
  • 13. A subgenre of horror films "featuring nature running amok in the form of mutated beasts, carnivorous insects, and normally harmless animals or plants turned into cold-blooded killers." This genre may sometimes overlap with the science fiction and action and adventure genres. Examples include: Piranha 3D, Bats, Lake Placid, Rogue, Alligator, Eaten Alive, Eight Legged Freaks and Jaws. NATURAL HORROR
  • 14. Zombie films feature creatures who are usually portrayed as either reanimated corpses or mindless human beings. Distinct subgenres have evolved, such as the "zombie comedy" or the "zombie apocalypse". Examples include: Dawn of the Dead, REC, 28 Days Later, Dead girl, Dead Snow, Night of the Creeps and Messiah of Evil. ZOMBIE HORROR

Editor's Notes

  1. Animated countdown timer on textured background (Difficult) Tip: Some shape effects on this slide are created with the Combine Shapes commands. To access this command, you must add it to the Quick Access Toolbar, located above the File tab. To customize the Quick Access Toolbar, do the following: Click the arrow next to the Quick Access Toolbar, and then under Customize Quick Access Toolbar click More Commands. In the PowerPoint Options dialog box, in the Choose commands from list, select All Commands. In the list of commands, click Combine Shapes, and then click Add. To reproduce the donut shape effects on this slide, do the following: On the Home tab, in the Slides group, click Layout, and then click Blank. On the Insert tab, in the Illustrations group, click Shapes, and then under Basic Shapes click Donut. On the slide, drag to draw a donut. Drag the yellow sizing handle so that the donut is roughly 0.25” in thickness. Select the donut. Under Drawing Tools, on the Format tab, in the Size group, in the Height box enter 5” and in the Width box enter 5”. Also under Drawing Tools, on the Format tab, in the Shape Styles group, click Shape Outline and then click No Outline. On the Insert tab, in the Illustrations group, click Shapes, and then under Rectangles click Rectangle. On the slide, drag to draw a rectangle. Select the rectangle. Under Drawing Tools, on the Format tab, in the Size group, in the Height box enter 5.5” and in the Width box enter 0.08”. Also under Drawing Tools, on the Format tab, in the Shape Styles group, click Shape Outline and then click No Outline. Select the rectangle. On the Home tab, in the Clipboard group, click the arrow to the right of Copy, and then click Duplicate. Repeat this process this process 7 times for a total of 9 thin rectangles. Select a duplicate rectangle. Under Drawing Tools, on the Format tab, in the Size group, click the Size and Position dialog box launcher. In the Format Shape dialog box, click Size in the left pane, and in the Size pane, under Size and rotate, in the Rotation box enter 10. Select another duplicate rectangle. Under Drawing Tools, on the Format tab, in the Size group, click the Size and Position dialog box launcher. In the Format Shape dialog box, click Size in the left pane, and in the Size pane, under Size and rotate, in the Rotation box enter 20. Select another duplicate rectangle. Under Drawing Tools, on the Format tab, in the Size group, click the Size and Position dialog box launcher. In the Format Shape dialog box, click Size in the left pane, and in the Size pane, under Size and rotate, in the Rotation box enter 30. Select another duplicate rectangle. Under Drawing Tools, on the Format tab, in the Size group, click the Size and Position dialog box launcher. In the Format Shape dialog box, click Size in the left pane, and in the Size pane, under Size and rotate, in the Rotation box enter 40. Select another duplicate rectangle. Under Drawing Tools, on the Format tab, in the Size group, click the Size and Position dialog box launcher. In the Format Shape dialog box, click Size in the left pane, and in the Size pane, under Size and rotate, in the Rotation box enter 50. Select another duplicate rectangle. Under Drawing Tools, on the Format tab, in the Size group, click the Size and Position dialog box launcher. In the Format Shape dialog box, click Size in the left pane, and in the Size pane, under Size and rotate, in the Rotation box enter 60. Select another duplicate rectangle. Under Drawing Tools, on the Format tab, in the Size group, click the Size and Position dialog box launcher. In the Format Shape dialog box, click Size in the left pane, and in the Size pane, under Size and rotate, in the Rotation box enter 70. Select the last duplicate rectangle. Under Drawing Tools, on the Format tab, in the Size group, click the Size and Position dialog box launcher. In the Format Shape dialog box, click Size in the left pane, and in the Size pane, under Size and rotate, in the Rotation box enter 80. Press and hold CTRL, and then select all of the small thin rectangles. On the Quick Access Toolbar, click Combine Shapes, and then click Shape Union. Also on the Home tab, in the Clipboard group, click Copy, and then click Duplicate. Select the duplicate group of rectangles. On the Home tab, in the Drawing group, click Arrange, point to Rotate, and then click Rotate Right 90°. On the Home tab, in the Edit group, click Select, and then click Select All. Also on the Home tab, in the Drawing group, click Arrange, point to Align, and then do the following: Click Align to Slide. Click Align Middle. Click Align Center. Press and hold CTRL, select the donut shape, and then select the first group of rectangles. On the Quick Access Toolbar, click Combine Shapes, and then click Shape Subtract. Press and hold CTRL, select the donut shape, and then select the second group of rectangles. On the Quick Access Toolbar, click Combine Shapes, and then click Shape Subtract. On the Insert tab, in the Illustrations group, click Shapes, and then under Basic Shapes click Donut. On the slide, drag to draw a donut. Drag a sizing handle so that the donut is roughly 0.5” in thickness. Select the second donut. Under Drawing Tools, on the Format tab, in the Size group, in the Height box enter 5.21” and in the Width box enter 5.21”. Also under Drawing Tools, on the Format tab, in the Shape Styles group, click Shape Outline, and then click No Outline. Press and hold CTRL, select the second donut, and then select the first, segmented donut. On the Quick Access Toolbar, click Combine Shapes, and then click Shape Subtract. Select the remaining donut. Under Drawing Tools, on the Format tab, in the Shape Styles group, click the Format Shape dialog box launcher. In the Format Shape dialog box, click Fill in the left pane, in the Fill pane, click Gradient fill, and then do the following: Click the button next to Preset colors and then click Silver. In the Type list, select Linear. Also in the Format Shape dialog box, click Line Color in the left pane, and then in the Line Color pane click No line. Also in the Format Shape dialog box, click Shadow in the left pane, in the Shadow pane, click the button next to Presets, and then under Outer click Offset Center. Also in the Format Shape dialog box, click 3-D Format in the left pane, in the 3-D Format pane, under Bevel, click the button next to Top and then click Slope. On the Insert tab, in the Illustrations group, click Shapes, and then under Basic Shapes click Donut. On the slide, drag to draw a donut. Drag a sizing handle so that the donut is roughly 0.25” in thickness. Select the new donut. Under Drawing Tools, on the Format tab, in the Shape Styles group, click the Format Shape dialog box launcher. In the Format Shape dialog box, click Fill in the left pane, in the Fill pane, click the button next to Color, click More Colors, and then in the Colors dialog box, on the Custom tab, enter values for Red: 194, Green: 10, and Blue: 6. Also in the Format Shape dialog box, click Line Color in the left pane, and then in the Line Color pane click No line. Also in the Format Shape dialog box, click Size in the left pane, in the Size pane, under Size and rotate, in the Height box enter 5.14” and in the Width box enter 5.14”. Select the new donut. On the Home tab, in the Drawing group, click Arrange, and then click Send Backward. Press and hold CTRL, and then select the two donuts. On the Home tab, in the Drawing group, click Arrange, point to Align, and then do the following: Click Align Selected Objects. Click Align Center. Click Align Middle. With both donuts selected, drag the donuts so that the top edge is roughly 1” from the top edge of the slide. To reproduce the other shape effects on this slide, do the following: On the Insert tab, in the Illustrations group, click Shapes, and then under Rectangles click Rectangle. On the slide, drag to draw a rectangle. Select the rectangle. On the Home tab, in the Drawing tab, click the Format Shape dialog box launcher. In the Format Shape dialog box, click Fill in the left pane, in the Fill pane, click Gradient fill, and then do the following: In the Type list, select Linear. In the Angle box, enter 90. Under Gradient stops, click Add gradient stop or Remove gradient stop until three stops appear in the slider, then customize the gradient stops as follows: Select the first stop in the slider, and then do the following: In the Position box, enter 0%. Click the button next to Color, and then under Theme Colors click Black, Text 1 (first row, first option from the left). In the Transparency box, enter 75%. Select the next stop in the slider, and then do the following: In the Position box, enter 35%. Click the button next to Color, and then under Theme Colors click Black, Text 1 (first row, first option from the left). In the Transparency box, enter 0%. Select the last stop in the slider, and then do the following: In the Position box, enter 100%. Click the button next to Color, and then under Theme Colors click Black, Text 1 (first row, first option from the left). In the Transparency box, enter 100%. Also in the Format Shape dialog box, click Line Color in the left pane, and then in the Line Color pane click No line. Also in the Format Shape dialog box, click Size, and in the Height box enter 7.5, and in the Width box enter 2.83. On the slide, select the rectangle. On the Home tab, in the Drawing group, click Arrange, and then click Send Backward. Also on the Home tab, in the Drawing group, click Arrange, point to Align, and then click Align Middle and Align Center. To reproduce the text effects on this slide, do the following: On the Insert tab, in the Text group, click Text Box. On the slide, drag to draw a text box. Type “3” in the text box, and then select the text. On the Home tab, in the Font group, select Lucida Bright from the Font list, select White, Background 1 from the Font Color list, and then select 96 pt. from the Font Size list. Select the text box. On the Home tab, in the Clipboard group, click the arrow next to Copy, and then click Duplicate. Select the second text box. Change the text to “2.” Select the text box. On the Home tab, in the Clipboard group, click the arrow next to Copy, and then click Duplicate. Select the third text box. Change the text to “1.” Press and hold CTRL, and then select all three text boxes. On the Home tab, in the Drawing group, click Arrange, point to Align, and then do the following: Click Align Selected Objects. Click Align Middle. Click Align Center. With all three text boxes selected, position the text boxes in the center of the two donuts. To reproduce the animation effects on this slide, do the following: On the Home tab, in the Editing group, click Select, and then click Selection Pane. On the slide, select the silver, segmented donut. On the Animations tab, in the Advanced Animation group, click Add Animation, and then under Entrance click Grow & Turn. Also on the Animations tab, in the Timing group, do the following: In the Start list, select With Previous. In the Duration box, enter 1.00. On the slide, select the gradient-fill rectangle. On the Animations tab, in the Advanced Animation group, click Add Animation, and then click More Entrance Effects. In the Add Entrance Effect dialog box, under Subtle, click Expand. Also on the Animations tab, in the Timing group, do the following: In the Start list, select With Previous. In the Duration box, enter 1.00. On the slide, select the red, solid donut. On the Animations tab, in the Advanced Animation group, click Add Animation, and then under Entrance click Fade. Also on the Animations tab, in the Timing group, do the following: In the Start list, select After Previous. In the Duration box, enter 0.25. In the Selection and Visibility pane, select the “3” text box. On the Animations tab, in the Advanced Animation group, click Add Animation, and then under Entrance click Fade. Also on the Animations tab, in the Timing group, in the Duration box enter 0.50. Select the red, solid donut. On the Animations tab, in the Advanced Animation group, click Add Animation, and then under Exit click Wheel. Also on the Animations tab, in the Timing group, do the following: In the Start list, select With Previous. In the Duration box, enter 1.00. In the Selection and Visibility pane, select the “3” text box. On the Animations tab, in the Advanced Animation group, click Add Animation, and then under Exit click Fade. Also on the Animations tab, in the Timing group, do the following: In the Start list, select With Previous. In the Duration box, enter 0.50. In the Delay box, enter 0.50. In the Selection and Visibility pane, select the solid red donut. On the Animations tab, in the Advanced Animation group, click Add Animation, and then under Entrance click Fade. Also on the Animations tab, in the Timing group, do the following: In the Start list, select With Previous. In the Duration box, enter 0.25. In the Delay box, enter 1.00. In the Selection and Visibility pane, select the “2” text box. On the Animations tab, in the Advanced Animation group, click Add Animation, and then under Entrance click Fade. Also on the Animations tab, in the Timing group, do the following: In the Start list, select With Previous. In the Duration box, enter 0.50. In the Delay box, enter 1.00. Select the red, solid donut. On the Animations tab, in the Advanced Animation group, click Add Animation, and then under Exit click Wheel. Also on the Animations tab, in the Timing group, do the following: In the Start list, select With Previous. In the Duration box, enter 1.00. In the Selection and Visibility pane, select the “2” text box. On the Animations tab, in the Advanced Animation group, click Add Animation, and then under Exit click Fade. Also on the Animations tab, in the Timing group, do the following: In the Start list, select With Previous. In the Duration box, enter 0.50. In the Delay box, enter 1.50. In the Selection and Visibility pane, select the “1” text box. On the Animations tab, in the Advanced Animation group, click Add Animation, and then under Entrance click Fade. Also on the Animations tab, in the Timing group, do the following: In the Start list, select With Previous. In the Duration box, enter 0.50. In the Delay box, enter 1.50. In the Selection and Visibility pane, select the solid red donut. On the Animations tab, in the Advanced Animation group, click Add Animation, and then under Entrance click Fade. Also on the Animations tab, in the Timing group, do the following: In the Start list, select With Previous. In the Duration box, enter 0.25. In the Delay box, enter 1.00. In the Selection and Visibility pane, select the “1” text box. On the Animations tab, in the Advanced Animation group, click Add Animation, and then under Exit click Fade Also on the Animations tab, in the Timing group, do the following: In the Start list, select With Previous. In the Duration box, enter 0.50. In the Delay box, enter 2.00. Select the red, solid donut. On the Animations tab, in the Advanced Animation group, click Add Animation, and then under Exit click Wheel. Also on the Animations tab, in the Timing group, do the following: In the Start list, select With Previous. In the Duration box, enter 2.00. To reproduce the background effects on this slide, do the following: On the Insert tab, in the Illustrations group, click Shapes, and then under Rectangles click Rectangle. On the slide, drag to draw a rectangle. Select the rectangle. Under Drawing Tools, on the Format tab, in the Shape Styles group, click the Format Shape dialog box. In the Format Shape dialog box, click Fill in the left pane, in the Fill pane, click Picture or texture fill, and then do the following: Click the button next to Texture and select Brown Marble (fourth row, first option from the left). Clear the Tile picture as texture box. Also in the Format Picture dialog box, click Line Color in the left pane, and in the Line Color pane, click No line. Also in the Format Picture dialog box, click Picture Corrections in the left pane, and in the Picture Corrections pane, under Brightness and contrast, do the following: In the Brightness box, enter -42%. In the Contrast Box, enter -28%. Also in the Format Picture dialog box, click Picture Color in the left pane, and in the Picture Color pane, under Recolor, click the button next to Presets and then click Grayscale. Also in the Format Picture dialog box, click Artistic Effects in the left pane, and in the Artistic Effects pane, do the following: Click the button next to Artistic Effects and then click Blur. In the Radius box, enter 7. Also in the Format Picture dialog box, click Size in the left pane, and then under Size and rotate do the following: In the Height box, enter 7.5. In the Width box, enter 10. On the slide, select the rectangle. On the Home tab, in the Drawing group, click Arrange, point to Align, and then click Align Middle and Align Center. On the Home tab, in the Clipboard group, click the arrow to the right of Copy, and then click Duplicate. Select the second, duplicate rectangle. Under Drawing Tools, on the Format tab, in the Shape Styles group, click the Format Shape dialog box launcher. In the Format Shape dialog box, click Fill in the left pane, in the Fill pane, in the Transparency box, enter 90%. Also in the Format Picture dialog box, click Picture Corrections in the left pane, and in the Picture Corrections pane, under Brightness and contrast, do the following: In the Brightness box, enter 12%. In the Contrast Box, enter 44%. Also in the Format Picture dialog box, click Artistic Effects in the left pane, and in the Artistic Effects pane, do the following: Click the button next to Artistic Effects and then click Blur. In the Radius box, enter 9. On the slide, select the rectangle. On the Home tab, in the Drawing group, click Arrange, point to Align, and then click Align Middle and Align Center. On the Home tab, in the Clipboard group, click the arrow to the right of Copy, and then click Duplicate. Select the third, duplicate rectangle. Under Picture Tools, on the Format tab, in the Adjust group, click Reset Picture. Also under Picture Tools, on the Format tab, in the Picture Styles group, click the Format Picture dialog box launcher. In the Format Picture dialog box, click Fill in the left pane, and then in the Fill pane, do the following: Click the button next to Texture and then click Granite. Select Tile picture as texture. In the Transparency box, enter 94%. Also in the Format Picture dialog box, click Picture Corrections in the left pane, in the Picture Corrections pane, under Brightness and contrast, do the following: In the Brightness box, enter 2%. In the Contrast box, enter 70%. Also in the Format Picture dialog box, click Artistic Effects in the left pane, and then in the Artistic Effects pane, do the following: Click the button next to Artistic Effect and then click Photocopy. In the Detail box, enter 9. On the slide, select the third rectangle. On the Home tab, in the Drawing group, click Arrange, point to Align, and then click Align Middle and Align Center. On the Home tab, in the Clipboard group, click the arrow to the right of Copy, and then click Duplicate. Select the fourth, duplicate rectangle. On the Home tab, in the Drawing group, click the Format Shape dialog box launcher. In the Format Picture dialog box, click Fill in the left pane, in the Fill pane, click Gradient fill, and then do the following: In the Type list, select Radial. In the Direction list, select From Center. Under Gradient stops, click Add gradient stop or Remove gradient stop until two stops appear on the slider. Customize the gradient stops as follows: Select the first stop in the slider, and then do the following: In the Position box, enter 0%. Click the button next to Color, and then under Theme Colors click Black, Text 1 (first row, second option from the left). In the Transparency box, enter 100%. Select the last stop in the slider, and then do the following: In the Position box, enter 100%. Click the button next to Color, and then under Theme Colors click Black, Text 1 (first row, second option from the left). In the Transparency box, enter 50%. On the slide, select the fourth rectangle. On the Home tab, in the Drawing group, click Arrange, point to Align, and then click Align Middle and Align Center. Also on the Home tab, in the Editing group, click Select, and then click Select All. Also on the Home tab, in the Drawing group, click Arrange, and then click Group. On the slide, select the grouped rectangles. Also on the Home tab, in the Clipboard group, click Cut. Also on the Home tab, in the Clipboard group, click the arrow below Paste, and select Paste Special. In the Paste Special dialog box, select Paste, and then under As, select Picture (PNG). Also on the Home tab, in the Drawing group, click Arrange, point to Align and then click Align Middle and Align Center.